Infant emotionality, parenting, and 3-year inhibition: Exploring stability and lawful discontinuity in a male sample.

Park, Seong-Yeon, Belsky, Jay, Putnam, Sam, Crnic, Keith·1997·Developmental Psychology
DOI 10.1037//0012-1649.33.2.218

Abstract

In this study, the authors examine temperament (12-13 months) and mothering and fathering (15, 21, 27, 33 months) antecedents of inhibition of children at age 3 years prospectively in a sample of 125 firstborn boys and retrospectively in only the most and least inhibited children. High negativity coupled with low positivity in infancy predicted high inhibition, as did parenting that was supportive (e.g., high sensitivity, low intrusiveness). Parenting appeared more influential in the case of children who were highly negative as infants. The importance of distinguishing positive and negative emotionality in infancy and of studying mothering and fathering are discussed.

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Cited by (14)

  1. Social Withdrawal in Childhood
    Rubin, Kenneth H., Coplan, Robert J., Bowker, Julie C. · 2009 · Annual Review of Psychology
  2. Behavioral Inhibition: Linking Biology and Behavior within a Developmental Framework
    Fox, Nathan A., Henderson, Heather A., Marshall, Peter J., Nichols, Kate E., Ghera, Melissa M. · 2005 · Annual Review of Psychology
  3. Continuity and discontinuity of behavioral inhibition and exuberance: psychophysiological and behavioral influences across the first four years of life
    Fox, Nathan A, Henderson, Heather A, Rubin, Kenneth H, Calkins, Susan D, Schmidt, Louis A · 2001 · Child Development
  4. The child is father of the man: Personality continuities from childhood to adulthood.
    Caspi, Avshalom · 2000 · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
  5. Family Issues in Child Anxiety: Attachment, Family Functioning, Parental Rearing and Beliefs
    Bögels, Susan M., Brechman-Toussaint, Margaret L. · 2006 · Clinical Psychology Review

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This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Infant emotionality, parenting, and 3-year inhibition: Exploring stability and lawful discontinuity in a male sample. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037//0012-1649.33.2.218
The paper
Park, S.-Y., Belsky, J., Putnam, S., & Crnic, K. (1997). Infant emotionality, parenting, and 3-year inhibition: Exploring stability and lawful discontinuity in a male sample. Developmental Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037//0012-1649.33.2.218

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