Spelling and sound: Approaches to the internal lexicon.

Frederiksen, John R., Kroll, Judith F.·1976·Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance

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  10. The Structure of English Orthography
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Cited by (25)

  1. A distributed, developmental model of word recognition and naming.
    Seidenberg, Mark S., McClelland, James L. · 1989 · Psychological Review
  2. Understanding normal and impaired word reading: Computational principles in quasi-regular domains.
    Plaut, David C., McClelland, James L., Seidenberg, Mark S., Patterson, Karalyn · 1996 · Psychological Review
  3. Models of reading aloud: Dual-route and parallel-distributed-processing approaches.
    Coltheart, Max, Curtis, Brent, Atkins, Paul, Haller, Micheal · 1993 · Psychological Review
  4. Are lexical decisions a good measure of lexical access? The role of word frequency in the neglected decision stage.
    Balota, David A., Chumbley, James I. · 1984 · Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance
  5. On the anglocentricities of current reading research and practice: The perils of overreliance on an “outlier” orthography.
    Share, David L. · 2008 · Psychological Bulletin

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Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.

This page
CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Spelling and sound: Approaches to the internal lexicon. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037//0096-1523.2.3.361
The paper
Frederiksen, J. R., & Kroll, J. F. (1976). Spelling and sound: Approaches to the internal lexicon. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance. https://doi.org/10.1037//0096-1523.2.3.361

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