The DOI matches its Crossref record; 6 of the 6 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Metacognition and cognitive monitoring: A new area of cognitive–developmental inquiry
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In the citing paper
“Collectively, these skills enable students to regulate their bidirectional relations with their contexts by processing, manipulating, and refining information; organize and recognize patterns in information; evaluate their thinking and learning strategies; intentionally transfer knowledge to new situations; and apply knowledge to solve increasingly complex problems (e.g., Flavell, 1979;Lai, 2011).”
From Malleability, plasticity, and individuality: How children learn and develop in context1 (2019) · cites this paper as Flavell, 1979
In the citing paper
“metacognitive feedback which prompts learners to reflect, track their progress, and develop self-regulated learning (SRL) skills.”
From Directive, metacognitive, or a blend of both? A comparison of AI-generated feedback types on student engagement, confidence, and outcomes (2026) · cites this paper as Flavell, 1979
In the citing paper
“This level of metacognitive engagement ' thinking about one's own thinking' is a hallmark of high-impact learning experiences (Flavell, 1979).”
From Co-creating custom GPTs: an autoethnographic study of undergraduate students as partners in generative AI innovation (2026) · cites this paper as Flavell, 1979
In the citing paper
“Metacognition-cognition about cognition-encompasses the knowledge, monitoring, and regulation of one's own cognitive processes (Flavell, 1979).”
From The Metacognitive Paradox of AI-Assisted Creativity: A Theoretical Extension (2026) · cites this paper as Flavell, 1979
In the citing paper
“Hence, metacognition can be divided into two components, knowledge of cognition and regulation of cognition (Flavell, 1979; Schraw, 1998; Schraw & Moshman, 1995; Schraw & Sperling Dennison, 1994).”
From University students' Motivated Attention and use of regulation strategies on social media (2015) · cites this paper as Flavell, 1979
In the citing paper
“Metacognitive knowledge and experiences are interrelated [64].”
From The Metacognitive Demands and Opportunities of Generative AI (2024) · cites this paper as [64]
In the citing paper
“A fifth potential barrier to insight is metacognition, or the processes which allow persons to be aware of and form integrated and complex ideas about the self and others.”
From Insight in schizophrenia spectrum disorders: relationship with behavior, mood and perceived quality of life, underlying causes and emerging treatments (2018) · cites this paper as [143]
Citations
Cites
Knowing when, where, and how to remember ; A problem of metacognition
Brown, A. L. (1978) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 1,469
Perspectives on the Development of Memory and Cognition
Kail, R. V., & Hagen, J. W. (1977) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 927
An Interview Study of Children's Knowledge about Memory
Kreutzer, M. A., Leonard, C., Flavell, J. H., & Hagen, J. W. (1975) · Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development · doi:10.2307/1165955 · Cited by 514
Self-citationRealizing That You Don't Understand: A Preliminary Investigation
Markman, E. M. (1977) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1977.tb01257.x · Cited by 415
Developmental changes in memorization processes
Flavell, J. H., Friedrichs, A. G., & Hoyt, J. D. (1970) · Cognitive Psychology · doi:10.1016/0010-0285(70)90019-8 · Cited by 401
Self-citationBrown, A. L., Campione, J. C., & Barclay, C. R. (1979) · Child Development · doi:10.1111/j.1467-8624.1979.tb04135.x · Cited by 185
Cited by
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L2 Learners' and L2 Teachers' Stated L2 Beliefs
Gabillon, Z. (2007) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/c3d35bc1z70abz4bc9z8fdezb1895ae951bc
“…of learning, especially the ones which emerged from conceptual frameworks for the study of: human cognition (e.g. Flavell’s metacognitive theory--see Flavell, 1979); social representations (e.g. Moscovici’s social representations theory--see Moscovici 1976, Moscovici & Duveen 2000);…”
BackgroundLa lectura de obras literarias para fortalecer la comprensión lectora escolar
Holguín, W. A. E., & Mendoza, D. M. (2026) · Revista Multidisciplinar Epistemología de las Ciencias · doi:10.71112/jfnnnr42
Wei, S., & Wei, W. (2026) · Lecture notes in educational technology · doi:10.1007/978-981-95-8824-4_1
الفراجي, أ. ش. أ. ص., & الزبيدي, ر. خ. م. (2025) · Journal of Tikrit University for Humanities · doi:10.25130/jtuh.32.9.1.2025.14
Jørgensen, H. F., Helvig, E. K., Schei, H., Stormyren, S. D., Steffensen, E., & Johnson, S. U. (2026) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2026.1766026 · Cited by 1
“Within this framework, metacognition is described as a higher-rank cognition that controls, monitors, and interprets thinking across situations (11, 12).”
Bilgin, S. N., Giomo, D., Mustafali, U., & Kononowicz, T. W. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.03.24.714009
Formative assessment as a predictor of metacognitive skills: A structural equation modeling study
Bellido-García, R. S., Corro-Quispe, J., Huaman, M. A. R., Huaranga-Charapaqui, J., Cavero, R. G., & Rejas-Borjas, L. G. (2026) · Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education · doi:10.29333/ejmste/18261 · Cited by 1
“This research draws upon the metacognitive theory of Flavell (1979), Zimmerman ’ s (2002) model of self-regulated learning (2002), and contributions from Boekaerts et al. (1999).”
Ortaokul Öğrencilerinin Üstbilişlerinin Çoklu-Yöntem Görüşme Tekniği ile Değerlendirilmesi
Selçuk, F. A., & Barut, B. (2026) · Türk Eğitim Bilimleri Dergisi · doi:10.37217/tebd.1734779
Ayasrah, M. N., Al‐Rousan, A. H., Almulla, M. O., & Almulla, A. A. (2026) · Education and Information Technologies · doi:10.1007/s10639-026-13941-1 · Cited by 1
“Metacognition has long been recognized as a key construct for learning and teach - ing (Flavell, 1979; Yurt, 2025).”
Empowering Futures Through Hybrid Careers: An Innovative Community-Centric Learning Architecture
Finch, D., Dorland, A., Hudson, A., & Pust, M. (2026) · Journal of innovation in polytechnic education. · doi:10.69520/jipe.v8i2.297
Pasayon, C., Manlunas, J., Laping, C. B., Aclon, A. Q., & Remocaldo, M. D. (2026) · Journal of Education and Learning Reviews · doi:10.60027/jelr.2026.e2810
“Key ideas like metacognition and reflective learning have been applied more and more to adult learners, including teachers in professional practice, even though cognitive developmental theories were initially designed for learners (Flavell, 1979; Knowles et al., 2015).”
Fernández-Salazar, M. (2015) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/d93cb49cz1c0fz43c6zaaeczf5dbe5d21c90
Gunathilake, N., Gamage, A., Rajapakshe, D. D. S., Jayasooriya, M. N. N. J., Wisenthige, K., & Yapa, C. G. (2026) · International Conference on Advanced Research in Computing (ICARC) · doi:10.1109/icarc68737.2026.11453820
“Metacognition is the term used to refer to the knowledge and self-regulation of cognitive processes, and it has its roots in Flavell's seminal work [16].”
Exploration et vérification : études comportementales et neurophysiologiques du cortex préfrontal
Stoll, F. M. (2014) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/460ef294z3e03z40f6zafe4z4b1b927beada
Investigating Iraqi EFL University Students' Use of Reading Strategies
Mohammed, I. J. (2025) · Journal of Tikrit University for the Humanities · doi:10.25130/jtuh.32.10.2025.25
Psychometric properties of the metacognitions questionnaire-30 in Turkish outpatient adolescents
Öğütlü, H., Çepni, S., Okumuş, H. G., Öksüzoğlu, M. E., Solgun, G., Kaşak, M., Çelik, Y. S., Türkçapar, A. F., & Türkçapar, H. M. (2026) · BMC Psychology · doi:10.1186/s40359-026-04444-2
Emotional Intelligence of Law Enforcement Officers: Research Prospects
Belova, S. N., & Tukhto, E. (2026) · Applied psychology and pedagogy · doi:10.12737/2500-0543-2026-11-2-17-28
A metacognição como estratégia didática: reflexões e implicações para o ensino
Reis, E. F., & da Rosa, C. T. W. (2026) · EccoS – Revista Científica · doi:10.5585/2026.29005
Bastidas, E. A. A. (2025) · Sapiens in Higher Education · doi:10.71068/8m82491
Wang, R., & Qi, C. (2026) · Eurasia Journal of Mathematics Science and Technology Education · doi:10.29333/ejmste/18296
“…categorized into two orientations: reflection directed toward mathematical learning objects (e.g., concepts, representations, and problem structures) and reflection directed toward the learning process itself (e.g., strategies, reasoning pathways, and errors) (Flavell, 1979; Schoenfeld, 1985).”
InfluentialMotivation et apprentissage autorégulé en formation à distance : quel type de feedback fournir ?
Joseph, M. (2021) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/ed77e7dczd7aez4c9ezb979zd00581826549
Fernandez, J. (2017) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/c7ad77ddz9976z4beeza5b9zd163df512099
Besozzi, A. (2017) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/f92357ddz6f18z44f5z850azc3e731dfcb69
“La majorité des travaux sur la maladie d’Alzheimer et les troubles cognitifs légers est centrée sur la métamémoire : l’ensemble de processus cognitifs de haut niveau comprenant la connaissance qu’une personne possède sur son fonctionnement mnésique ainsi que sa capacité à estimer ses compétences de mémoire au cours d’…”
BackgroundAcceptation et utilisation d'outils : vers une approche cognitive
Alexandre, B. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/b998b2fez2937z4e20z8eb3zfb12f492063e
Mridula, T. V., & Manivannan, M. (2026) · Child Neuropsychology · doi:10.1080/09297049.2026.2653548
Intellectual affectivism : intuition experiences are epistemic feelings
Loev, W. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/b8544a71z3438z48a5zb86cz0bff8c5161c7 · Cited by 16
Kefi, Z. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/0a50c7b5zc19bz4da3zb111zea71682fea0e
Le fractionnement de la métamémoire dans la maladie d'Alzheimer
Bertrand, J. (2017) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/d7c308d7z62dbz4e27zaa10zae95309a6df8
“Plusieurs modèles de la métacognition ont été développés dans la littérature, et peuvent s'adapter directement à la métamémoire (Flavell, 1979 ; Nelso n et al., 1990).”
BackgroundInfluentialEn perspective : le perspectivisme au prisme des sciences humaines contemporaines
Chamois, C. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/15d8629bz0dacz4201z8aedz62fc77469946
Martin-Gomez, F. J. (2023) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/8827e91ezc1e6z41b9zb5cezaad6817446ed
l'Haridon, D. (2019) · theses.fr (ABES) · doi:10.70675/f3073cf8zacdez4ce9z96f6ze3d1863766bb
“Variété des activités métacognitives individuelles Avec une approche contemporaine de Flavell (1979), Quiles (2014) propose de considérer la métacognition « comme la connaissance et le contrôle qu’une personne a sur ses propres processus cognitifs ».”
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Parenting Factors and Metacognitive Beliefs: A Systematic Review
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Metadata
- Authors
- Flavell, J. H.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Flavell, John H.
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 1979-10
- Volume
- 34
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 906-911
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- OpenAlex
- W2093950336
- Cited by
- 11,282
- References
- 6
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1118 · 2025: 902 · 2024: 768 · 2023: 751 · 2022: 680 · 2021: 687 · 2020: 666 · 2019: 603 · 2018: 518 · 2017: 449 · 2016: 415 · 2015: 410 · 2014: 451 · 2013: 363 · 2012: 336
- FWCI
- 19.02
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Child and Animal Learning Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Innovative Teaching and Learning Methods
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Keywords
- metacognition, cognitive monitoring, cognitive development, self-monitoring, metacognitive awareness
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