Site matters: Multisite randomized trial of motivational enhancement therapy in community drug abuse clinics.
Open accessAbstract
The effectiveness of motivational enhancement therapy (MET) in comparison with counseling as usual (CAU) for increasing retention and reducing substance use was evaluated in a multisite randomized clinical trial. Participants were 461 outpatients treated by 31 therapists within 1 of 5 outpatient substance abuse programs. There were no retention differences between the 2 brief intervention conditions. Although both 3-session interventions resulted in reductions in substance use during the 4-week therapy phase, MET resulted in sustained reductions during the subsequent 12 weeks whereas CAU was associated with significant increases in substance use over this follow-up period. This finding was complicated by program site main effects and higher level interactions. MET resulted in more sustained substance use reductions than CAU among primary alcohol users, but no difference was found for primary drug users. An independent evaluation of session audiotapes indicated that MET and CAU were highly and comparably discriminable across sites.
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In MET, the discrepancy between normative behavior and a client's current behavior is presented and discussed in a nonconfrontational manner with the goal of engaging clients in increasing intrinsic motivation towards change.
“This discrepancy between normative behavior and a client's current behavior is presented and discussed in a nonconfrontational manner with the goal of engaging clients in increasing intrinsic motivation towards change [111, 112].”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [111]
Motivational enhancement therapy (MET) is a brief (typically 4-session) adaptation of MI sometimes used in clinical trials that includes normative feedback to clients about their behavior.
“Motivational enhancement therapy (MET) is a brief (typically 4-session) adaptation of MI sometimes used in clinical trials that includes normative feedback to clients about their behavior.”
From Positive Psychological Interventions for Patients with Type 2 Diabetes: Rationale, Theoretical Model, and Intervention Development (2015) · cites this paper as [111]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Cites
Motivational interviewing: preparing people for change.
Miller, W. R., & Rollnick, S. (2002) · Cited by 7,002 · see citing works
(1991) · Medical Entomology and Zoology · Cited by 4,438 · see citing works
Motivational Interviewing: Preparing People for Change, 2nd ed.
Miller, W., & Rollnick, S. (2003) · Journal For Healthcare Quality · doi:10.1097/01445442-200305000-00013 · Cited by 2,634 · see citing works
(1997) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol · doi:10.15288/jsa.1997.58.7 · Cited by 1,905 · see citing works
Hettema, J., Steele, J., & Miller, W. R. (2005) · Annual Review of Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.clinpsy.1.102803.143833 · Cited by 1,803 · see citing works
The efficacy of motivational interviewing: a meta-analysis of controlled clinical trials
Burke, B. L., Arkowitz, H., & Menchola, M. (2003) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.71.5.843 · Cited by 1,575 · see citing works
A Randomized Trial of Methods to Help Clinicians Learn Motivational Interviewing.
Miller, W. R., Yahne, C. E., Moyers, T. B., Martinez, J., & Pirritano, M. (2004) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.72.6.1050 · Cited by 1,075 · see citing works
Dunn, C. W., DeRoo, L. A., & Rivara, F. P. (2001) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.961217253.x · Cited by 906 · see citing works
Comparison of extended versus brief treatments for marijuana use.
Stephens, R. S., Roffman, R. A., & Curtin, L. (2000) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.68.5.898 · Cited by 711 · see citing works
Fals-Stewart, W., O'Farrell, T., Freitas, T. T., McFarlin, S., & Rutigliano, P. (2000) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037//0022-006x.68.1.134 · Cited by 644 · see citing works
Carroll, K. M., Ball, S. A., Nich, C., Martino, S., Frankforter, T. L., Farentinos, C., Kunkel, L. E., Mikulich‐Gilbertson, S. K., Morgenstern, J., Obert, J. L., et al. (2005) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2005.08.002 · Cited by 473 · see citing works
Self-citationEnsuring balanced distribution of prognostic factors in treatment outcome research.
Stout, R. L., Wirtz, P. W., Carbonari, J. P., & Del Boca, F. K. (1994) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Supplement · doi:10.15288/jsas.1994.s12.70 · Cited by 461 · see citing works
A New Measure of Substance Abuse Treatment Initial Studies of the Treatment Services Review
McLellan, A. T., Alterman, A. I., Cacciola, J., Metzger, D. S., & OʼBRIEN, C. P. (1992) · The Journal of Nervous and Mental Disease · doi:10.1097/00005053-199202000-00007 · Cited by 421 · see citing works
Efficacy of Disulfiram and Cognitive Behavior Therapy in Cocaine-DependentOutpatients
Carroll, K. M., Fenton, L. R., Ball, S. A., Nich, C., Frankforter, T. L., Shi, J. M., & Rounsaville, B. J. (2004) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.61.3.264 · Cited by 410 · see citing works
Self-citationCarroll, K. M. (2000) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00049-6 · Cited by 386 · see citing works
Self-citationUKATT Research Team (2005) · BMJ · doi:10.1136/bmj.331.7516.541 · Cited by 350 · see citing works
Brief treatments for cannabis dependence: Findings from a randomized multisite trial
Babor, T. F., & The Marijuana Treatment Project Research Group (2004) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.72.3.455 · Cited by 313 · see citing works
Motivational interviewing in drug abuse services: A randomized trial.
Miller, W. R., Yahne, C. E., & Tonigan, J. S. (2003) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.71.4.754 · Cited by 232 · see citing works
The impact of a brief motivational intervention with opiate users attending a methadone programme
Saunders, B., Wilkinson, C., & PHILLIPS, M. (2003) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.1995.90341510.x · Cited by 212 · see citing works
Baer, J. S., Rosengren, D. B., Dunn, C. W., Wells, E. A., Ogle, R. L., & Hartzler, B. J. (2003) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2003.10.001 · Cited by 201 · see citing works
Motivational interviewing with cocaine-dependent patients: A pilot study.
Stotts, A. L., Schmitz, J. M., Rhoades, H. M., & Grabowski, J. G. (2001) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.69.5.858 · Cited by 185 · see citing works
Rohsenow, D. J., Monti, P. M., Martin, R. A., Colby, S. M., Myers, M. G., Gulliver, S. B., Brown, R. A., Mueller, T. I., Gordon, A., & Abrams, D. B. (2004) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2004.00743.x · Cited by 129 · see citing works
Motivational interviewing: a review
Britt, E., Blampied, N. M., & Hudson, S. M. (2003) · Australian Psychologist · doi:10.1080/00050060310001707207 · Cited by 121 · see citing works
The toughest job you'll ever love: A Pacific Northwest Treatment Workforce Survey
Gallon, S. L., Gabriel, R. M., & Knudsen, J. R. W. (2003) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/s0740-5472(03)00032-1 · Cited by 115 · see citing works
Training and fidelity monitoring of behavioral interventions in multi-site addictions research
Baer, J. S., Ball, S. A., Campbell, B. K., Miele, G. M., Schoener, E. P., & Tracy, K. (2007) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.08.028 · Cited by 108 · see citing works
Self-citationBall, S. A., Bachrach, K., DeCarlo, J., Farentinos, C., Keen, M., McSherry, T., Polcin, D. L., Snead, N., Sockriter, R., Wrigley, P., et al. (2002) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/s0740-5472(02)00281-7 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Self-citationFacilitating treatment entry among out-of-treatment injection drug users.
Booth, R. E., Kwiatkowski, C. F., Iguchi, M. Y., Pinto, F., & John, D. (1998) · PubMed Central · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Miele, G. M., Carpenter, K. M., Cockerham, M. S., Trautman, K. D., BLAINE, J. D., & Hasin, D. S. (2000) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/s0376-8716(99)00111-8 · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Attrition prevention with individuals awaiting publicly funded drug treatment
Donovan, D. M., Rosengren, D. B., Downey, L., Cox, G. B., & Sloan, K. L. (2001) · Addiction · doi:10.1046/j.1360-0443.2001.96811498.x · Cited by 102 · see citing works
Martino, S., Carroll, K. M., Nich, C., & Rounsaville, B. J. (2006) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01554.x · Cited by 97 · see citing works
Self-citationThe National Institute on Drug Abuse Collaborative Cocaine Treatment Study. Rationale and methods.
Crits-Christoph, P., Siqueland, L., Blaine, J., Frank, A. F., Luborsky, L., Onken, L., Muenz, L., Thase, M., Weiss, R., Gastfriend, D., et al. (1997) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1997.01830200053007 · Cited by 94 · see citing works
Self-citationA national study of the substance abuse treatment workforce
Mulvey, K. P., Hubbard, S., & Hayashi, S. (2003) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/s0740-5472(02)00322-7 · Cited by 76 · see citing works
Carroll, K. M., Kadden, R. M., Donovan, D. M., Zweben, A., & Rounsaville, B. J. (1994) · Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Supplement · doi:10.15288/jsas.1994.s12.149 · Cited by 75 · see citing works
Self-citationCrits-Christoph, P. F., Tu, X. M., & Gallop, R. (2003) · Psychological Methods · doi:10.1037/1082-989x.8.4.518 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Research works printed but not linked: 6
- Farentinos C, Obert JL. CTN Motivational Enhancement Treatment manual. 2000 Unpublished manuscript. [Google Scholar]
- Lewin Group. Practice research and evaluation networks: Summary of professions providing substance abuse treatment services. Rockville, MD: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration; 1999. [Google Scholar]
- Miller WR, Zweben A, DiClemente CC, Rychtarik RG. NIAAA Project MATCH Monograph Series: Vol. 2. Motivational Enhancement Therapy manual: A clinical research guide for therapists treating individuals with alcohol abuse and dependence (DHHS Publication No. (ADM) 92–1894) Rockville, MD: National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism; 1992. [Google Scholar]
- Project MATCH Research Group. Therapist effects in three treatments for alcohol problems. Psychotherapy Research. 1998;8:455–474. [Google Scholar]
- Singer JD, Willet JB. Methods from applied longitudinal data analysis. New York: Oxford University Press; 2003. [Google Scholar]
- Sobell LC, Sobell MB. Timeline followback: A technique for assessing self-reported alcohol consumption. In: Litten RZ, Allen J, editors. Measuring alcohol consumption: Psychosocial and biological methods. Totowa, NJ: Humana; 1992. pp. 41–72. [Google Scholar]
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Toward a theory of motivational interviewing
Miller, W. R., & Rose, G. S. (2009) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0016830 · Cited by 1,603 · see citing works
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy for Substance Use Disorders
McHugh, R. K., Hearon, B. A., & Otto, M. W. (2010) · Psychiatric Clinics of North America · doi:10.1016/j.psc.2010.04.012 · Cited by 626 · see citing works
Mindfulness training for smoking cessation: Results from a randomized controlled trial
Brewer, J. A., Mallik, S., Babuscio, T. A., Nich, C., Johnson, H. E., Deleone, C. M., Minnix-Cotton, C. A., Byrne, S. A., Kober, H., Weinstein, A. J., et al. (2011) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.05.027 · Cited by 383 · see citing works
Self-citationMiller, W. R., & Rollnick, S. (2014) · Contemporary Clinical Trials · doi:10.1016/j.cct.2014.01.005 · Cited by 262 · see citing works
A vision of the next generation of behavioral therapies research in the addictions*
Carroll, K. M., & Rounsaville, B. J. (2007) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2007.01798.x · Cited by 177 · see citing works
Self-citationHall, K., Staiger, P. K., Simpson, A., Best, D., & Lubman, D. I. (2016) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/add.13014 · Cited by 179 · see citing works
Psychosocial interventions for benzodiazepine harmful use, abuse or dependence
Darker, C. D., Sweeney, B. P., Barry, J. M., Farrell, M. F., & Donnelly-Swift, E. (2015) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd009652.pub2 · Cited by 142 · see citing works
Huffman, J. C., DuBois, C. M., Millstein, R. A., Celano, C. M., & Wexler, D. (2015) · Journal of Diabetes Research · doi:10.1155/2015/428349 · Cited by 127 · see citing works
Hogue, A., Dauber, S., Lichvar, E., Bobek, M., & Henderson, C. E. (2015) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-014-0548-2 · Cited by 122 · see citing works
Weiss, R. D., Griffin, M. L., Jaffee, W. B., Bender, R. E., Graff, F. S., Gallop, R. J., & Fitzmaurice, G. M. (2009) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2009.04.018 · Cited by 106 · see citing works
Carroll, K. M., Martino, S., Ball, S. A., Nich, C., Frankforter, T., Anez, L. M., Paris, M., Suarez-Morales, L., Szapocznik, J., Miller, W. R., et al. (2009) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016489 · Cited by 101 · see citing works
Self-citationWinhusen, T., Kropp, F., Babcock, D., Hague, D., Erickson, S. J., Renz, C., Rau, L., Lewis, D., Leimberger, J., & Somoza, E. (2008) · Journal of Substance Abuse Treatment · doi:10.1016/j.jsat.2007.09.006 · Cited by 99 · see citing works
Saitz, R., Alford, D. P., Bernstein, J., Cheng, D. M., Samet, J., & Palfai, T. (2010) · Journal of Addiction Medicine · doi:10.1097/adm.0b013e3181db6b67 · Cited by 95 · see citing works
Carroll, K. M., Nich, C., LaPaglia, D. M., Peters, E. N., Easton, C. J., & Petry, N. M. (2012) · Addiction · doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2012.03877.x · Cited by 91 · see citing works
Self-citationScreening and Brief Intervention for Unhealthy Drug Use: Little or No Efficacy
Saitz, R. (2014) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2014.00121 · Cited by 78 · see citing works
Rice, D., Corace, K., Wolfe, D., Esmaeilisaraji, L., Michaud, A., Grima, A., Austin, B., Douma, R., Barbeau, P., Butler, C., et al. (2020) · PLOS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0244401 · Cited by 64 · see citing works
Motivational interviewing for substance use reduction
Schwenker, R., Dietrich, C. E., Hirpa, S., Nothacker, M., Smedslund, G., Frese, T., & Unverzagt, S. (2023) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008063.pub3 · Cited by 56 · see citing works
Bergman, B. G., Kelly, J. F., Nargiso, J. E., & McKowen, J. W. (2016) · Cognitive and Behavioral Practice · doi:10.1016/j.cbpra.2015.09.008 · Cited by 50 · see citing works
Serious adverse events in randomized psychosocial treatment studies: Safety or arbitrary edicts?
Petry, N. M., Roll, J. M., Rounsaville, B. J., Ball, S. A., Stitzer, M., Peirce, J. M., Blaine, J., Kirby, K. C., McCarty, D., & Carroll, K. M. (2008) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0013679 · Cited by 44 · see citing works
Self-citationThe InSight Project Research Group (2009) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/j.1530-0277.2009.00967.x · Cited by 34 · see citing works
Hogue, A., Dauber, S., & Henderson, C. E. (2014) · Administration and Policy in Mental Health and Mental Health Services Research · doi:10.1007/s10488-012-0442-8 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Hogue, A., & Dauber, S. (2013) · Evaluation and Program Planning · doi:10.1016/j.evalprogplan.2012.12.001 · Cited by 23 · see citing works
- Authors
- Ball, S. A., Martino, S., Nich, C., Frankforter, T. L., Van Horn, D., Crits-Christoph, P., Woody, G. E., Obert, J. L., Farentinos, C., & Carroll, K. M.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- University of Pennsylvania (US)
- Matrix Institute on Addictions (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
- Published
- 2007-08
- Volume
- 75
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 556-567
- ISSN
- 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2117
- PMC
- PMC2148493
- OpenAlex
- W1976355116
- Cited by
- 176
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 1 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 4 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 14 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 8.41
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- correction (2009-03-23)
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (U10 DA13038, U10 DA13043, U10 DA13045)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Opioid Use Disorder Treatment
- Keywords
- motivational enhancement therapy, addiction treatment, substance use reduction, brief intervention
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Ambulatory Care Facilities, Community Mental Health Services, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Male, Motivation, Retention, Psychology, Substance-Related Disorders
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
