Implementing treatment and protecting the validity of the independent variable in treatment matching studies
Abstract
Treatment matching research is predicated on heterogeneity among subjects and their differential response to treatments. The sine qua non of a treatment matching study is the integrity of the treatment variable, since detection of client-treatment interactions requires delivery of treatments that are highly specific, consistent and distinct. Matching research thus presents particular challenges in treatment implementation, as greater heterogeneity in subjects may generate a broader array of problems than study treatments are designed to address, leading to several potential threats to treatment integrity. Moreover, as practiced outside of research settings, treatments for alcoholism are marked by ideological heterogeneity and a lack of purity across approaches. In this article we describe the strategies used in Project MATCH to protect treatment integrity while treating a large and heterogeneous sample of alcoholics in a number of geographically distant sites. These include: strategies for treating a variety of alcoholics within a single treatment approach; development of clinical care guidelines and clinical deterioration criteria; specification of treatments in manuals with minimization of overlapping active ingredients; selection criteria for therapists intended to enhance both generalizability of findings as well as treatment integrity; and extensive therapist training and monitoring.
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'Behavioural substitution' was identified from a systematic review of brief alcohol interventions, but this effective BCT had not been identified in several reviews of physical activity, healthy eating and smoking cessation interventions.
“For example, 'behavioural substitution' was identified from a systematic review of brief alcohol interventions, 29 but this effective BCT had not been identified in several reviews of physical activity, healthy eating and smoking cessation interventions, e.g.Carroll et al. 183”
This insufficient fidelity was particularly the case for BCTs directed at maintenance of behaviour change.
“This was particularly the case for BCTs directed at maintenance of behaviour change.183”
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- Authors
- Carroll, K. M., Kadden, R. M., Donovan, D. M., Zweben, A., & Rounsaville, B. J.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Studies on Alcohol, Supplement
- Publisher
- Alcohol Research Documentation, Inc.
- Published
- 1994-12
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- s12
- Pages
- 149-155
- ISSN
- 0363-468X (ISSN-L)
- 1946-6005
- OpenAlex
- W1972643154
- Cited by
- 75
- References
- 18
- Citations by year
- 2024: 2 · 2021: 1 · 2017: 2 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 3 · 2013: 2 · 2012: 6
- FWCI
- 2.40
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Studies on Alcohol Supplement (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Substance Abuse Treatment and Outcomes
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › General Health Professions › Health Policy Implementation Science
- Keywords
- implementation fidelity, treatment matching, Project MATCH, alcoholism treatment, treatment effect heterogeneity, therapist selection, therapist training, clinical guidelines, treatment manual, generalizability
- MeSH terms
- Alcoholism, Clinical Protocols, Humans, Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care, Psychotherapy, Research, Reproducibility of Results, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Patient Selection
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