The DOI matches its Crossref record; 4 of the 4 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Using Social Class in Counseling Psychology Research.
Abstract
Social class is an important cultural construct, but it is poorly used in research. Problems in using social class may be associated with its poor definition in previous studies; conflating between social class and socioeconomic status; using objective indices such as income, education, and occupati
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Stereotype threat and the intellectual test performance of African Americans.
Steele, C. M., & Aronson, J. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.69.5.797 · Cited by 9,020
Gallo, L. C., & Matthews, K. A. (2003) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037/0033-2909.129.1.10 · Cited by 1,366
Graham, S. (1992) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.47.5.629 · Cited by 595
Children in low-income, urban settings: Interventions to promote mental health and well-being.
Black, M. M., & Krishnakumar, A. (1998) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/0003-066x.53.6.635 · Cited by 214
Cited by
An interactionist perspective on the socioeconomic context of human development
Conger, R. D., & Donnellan, M. B. (2007) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.58.110405.085551 · Cited by 1,935
The Psychology of Working Theory.
Duffy, R. D., Blustein, D. L., Diemer, M. A., & Autin, K. L. (2016) · Journal of Counseling Psychology · doi:10.1037/cou0000140 · Cited by 1,020
Social class, sense of control, and social explanation.
Kraus, M. W., Piff, P. K., & Keltner, D. (2009) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0016357 · Cited by 956
O'Neil, J. M. (2008) · The Counseling Psychologist · doi:10.1177/0011000008317057 · Cited by 721
Best Practices in Conceptualizing and Measuring Social Class in Psychological Research
Diemer, M. A., Mistry, R. S., Wadsworth, M. E., López, I., & Reimers, F. (2013) · Analyses of Social Issues and Public Policy · doi:10.1111/asap.12001 · Cited by 585
Metadata
- Authors
- Liu, W. M., Ali, S. R., Soleck, G., Hopps, J., dunston, K., & Pickett, T.
- Venue
- Journal of Counseling Psychology
- Published
- 2004-01
- Volume
- 51
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 3-18
- ISSN
- 0022-0167 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2168
- OpenAlex
- W2032371181
- Cited by
- 238
- References
- 4
- FWCI
- 32.93
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Using Social Class in Counseling Psychology Research. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037/0022-0167.51.1.3
- The paper
- Liu, W. M., Ali, S. R., Soleck, G., Hopps, J., dunston, K., & Pickett, T. (2004). Using Social Class in Counseling Psychology Research. Journal of Counseling Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0167.51.1.3
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.