The DOI matches its Crossref record; 77 of the 80 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
"I keep that hush-hush": Male survivors of sexual abuse and the challenges of disclosure.
Abstract
Disclosure is a prominent variable in child sexual abuse research, but little research has examined male disclosure experiences. Sixteen male survivors of childhood sexual abuse were interviewed regarding experiences of disclosure. Analytic techniques included a grounded theory approach to coding and the use of conceptually clustered matrices. Participants described distinct personal (e.g., lack of cognitive awareness, intentional avoidance, emotional readiness, and shame), relational (e.g., fears about negative repercussions, isolation), and sociocultural (e.g., lack of acceptance for men to experience or acknowl-edge victimization) reasons for their struggles with disclosure. These results highlight that barriers to disclosure exist in multiple domains of experience and are encountered across the lifespan. Implications for future research and clinical interventions are discussed.
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In the citing paper
“Similar gender patterns continue in adulthood as men are more likely than women to develop externalized behaviors following CSA, raging from aggressiveness and substance use to criminal behaviors (Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, & Grossman, 2008).”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, & Grossman, 2008
In the citing paper
“In addition, by not disclosing the abuse, victims are not made aware of services and cannot receive the proper support and intervention from professionals (Sorsoli, et al., 2008).”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Although gender patterns in CSA victims predict that men are more likely than women to develop externalized behaviors following CSA (Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, & Grossman, 2008)”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, & Grossman, 2008
In the citing paper
“The individuality of disclosure trajectories has also been further recognized in the literature; first disclosures were generally found to be based on the level of comfort the victim felt with the other person”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Studies in which the authors solely found negative disclosure experiences amongst their participants were relatively frequent and illustrated the challenges that disclosure could present”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The majority of the studies involving male CSA have relatively small sample sizes due to the challenges linked to recruiting this vulnerable population”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“the disclosure experiences of men who have received help for their CSA is potentially quite different from the disclosure experiences of men who had never sought out services”
From The Disclosure Experiences of Male Child Sexual Abuse Survivors (2016) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Disclosing abuse is a crucial step for survivors of all genders, as it is often made to individuals they trust and share intimacy with [33, 42, 49].”
In the citing paper
“Disclosure is a critical step in acknowledging sexual victimisation [49].”
In the citing paper
“As such, male survivors often struggle to recognize vulnerabilities, disclose to others, and access therapeutic support (Ellis et al., 2020; Sorsoli et al., 2008).”
From “I Didn’t Feel I Was A Victim”: A Phenomenological Analysis of the Experiences of Male-on-male Survivors of Rape and Sexual Abuse (2022) · cites this paper as Sorsoli et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“acknowledging survivors' gender-specific needs can improve help-seeking and engagement with support (Ellis et al., 2020; Sorsoli et al., 2008).”
From “I Didn’t Feel I Was A Victim”: A Phenomenological Analysis of the Experiences of Male-on-male Survivors of Rape and Sexual Abuse (2022) · cites this paper as Sorsoli et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Research on men's experiences of sexual victimization is limited and largely outdated.”
From “I Didn’t Feel I Was A Victim”: A Phenomenological Analysis of the Experiences of Male-on-male Survivors of Rape and Sexual Abuse (2022) · cites this paper as Sorsoli et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“Importantly, narratives were often reinforced by close support networks, and were reflected in their struggle to provide effective support (Sorsoli et al., 2008), as well as the unavailability of specialized, male-informed therapeutic care (Lowe, 2018).”
From “I Didn’t Feel I Was A Victim”: A Phenomenological Analysis of the Experiences of Male-on-male Survivors of Rape and Sexual Abuse (2022) · cites this paper as Sorsoli et al., 2008
In the citing paper
“The other men reported that they had not disclosed, although some reported attempts to tell that were indirect or incomplete.”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, and Grossman (2008)
In the citing paper
“Several other men disclosed certain experiences or elements of their abuse, but concealed others.”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, and Grossman (2008)
In the citing paper
“Since the vast majority of men in the sample had not disclosed in childhood, they may have been predisposed to identifying barriers to disclosure more readily.”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, and Grossman (2008)
In the citing paper
“By the time of the study, many of these men had disclosed their past experiences in a variety of relationships, including those with family members, partners, therapists, and infrequently friends.”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, and Grossman (2008)
In the citing paper
“Only 1 of the 16 men in this sample disclosed the full extent of his sexual abuse experiences while he was still a child.”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, and Grossman (2008)
In the citing paper
“Barriers to disclosure were found to be operant in three interrelated domains: (1) personal (e.g., lack of cognitive awareness, intentional avoidance, emotional readiness, and shame); (2) relational (e.g., fears about negative repercussions, isolation); and (3) sociocultural (e.g., lack of acceptance for men to experience or acknowledge victimization).”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, and Grossman (2008)
In the citing paper
“Several had only limited discussions of their sexual abuse”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, and Grossman (2008)
In the citing paper
“Retrospective accounts are subject to recall issues.”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, and Grossman (2008)
In the citing paper
“Investigators made significant efforts to gather a diverse sample.”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, and Grossman (2008)
In the citing paper
“High level of rigor was executed in the dependability of the data and iterative process of the interpretation of findings was conducted”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Sorsoli, Kia-Keating, and Grossman (2008)
In the citing paper
“Results show a clear trend toward increased likelihood of disclosure in older youth, and findings from adult samples showing a preponderance of disclosures in adulthood, with the large majority of participants of adults reporting never having had a sexual abuse complaint filed with investigative authorities as a child or an adolescent”
From Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016) (2019) · cites this paper as Sorsoli et al., 2008
Citations
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“…in disclosure rates (e.g., Goodman-Brown, Edelstein, Goodman, Jones, & Gordon, 2003; Sauzier, 1989), whereas other studies have indicated that underreporting and additional delay is a significant problem for male survivors (e.g., Finkelhor et al., 1990; Lamb & Edgar-Smith, 1994; Peake, 1989).”
Result
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Facilitators and Barriers to Child Sexual Abuse (CSA) Disclosures: A Research Update (2000–2016)
Alaggia, R., Collin-Vézina, D., & Lateef, R. (2019) · Trauma, Violence, & Abuse · doi:10.1177/1524838017697312 · Cited by 636
“…into adulthood, which is supported by persistent findings of high rates of delayed disclosure reported later in the life course by adult survivors (Collings et al., 2005; Collin-Vézina et al., 2015 ; Easton, 2013; Jonzon & Linblad, 2004; Kogan, 2004; Leclerc & Wortley, 2015; Sorsoli et al., 2008).”
BackgroundAndalibi, N., Haimson, O. L., De Choudhury, M., & Forte, A. (2016) · Proceedings of the 2016 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems · doi:10.1145/2858036.2858096 · Cited by 378
Collin-Vézina, D., De La Sablonnière-Griffin, M., Palmer, A. M., & Milne, L. (2015) · Child Abuse & Neglect · doi:10.1016/j.chiabu.2015.03.010 · Cited by 298
Rice, S., Purcell, R., & McGorry, P. D. (2018) · Journal of Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.07.024 · Cited by 252
Easton, S. D., Saltzman, L. Y., & Willis, D. G. (2014) · Psychology of Men & Masculinity · doi:10.1037/a0034223 · Cited by 216
Metadata
- Authors
- Sorsoli, L., Kia-Keating, M., & Grossman, F. K.
- Affiliations
- San Francisco State University (US)
- Boston University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Counseling Psychology
- Published
- 2008-07
- Volume
- 55
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 333-345
- ISSN
- 0022-0167 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2168
- OpenAlex
- W2115815032
- Cited by
- 201
- References
- 80
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 12 · 2024: 6 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 8 · 2021: 12 · 2020: 20 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 18 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 18 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 6.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Counseling Psychology (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child Abuse and Trauma
- Social Sciences › Gender Studies › Sexual Assault and Victimization Studies
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Military, Security, and Education Studies
- Keywords
- child sexual abuse, male survivors, disclosure, barriers to disclosure, shame, emotional readiness, avoidance, social isolation, survivor experiences
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