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Power moves: complementarity in dominant and submissive nonverbal behavior
Abstract
Two studies examine complementarity (vs. mimicry) of dominant and submissive nonverbal behaviors. In the first study, participants interacted with a confederate who displayed either dominance (through postural expansion) or submission (through postural constriction). On average, participants exposed to a dominant confederate decreased their postural stance, whereas participants exposed to a submissive confederate increased their stance. Further, participants with complementing responses (dominance in response to submission and submission in response to dominance) liked their partner more and were more comfortable than those who mimicked. In the second study, complementarity and mimicry were manipulated, and complementarity resulted in more liking and comfort than mimicry. The findings speak to the likelihood of hierarchical differentiation.
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“It is possible that temporary increases in the reinforcement value of social interactions could initiate a new pattern of behavior in which individuals with SAD seek out previously avoided social situations and have more frequent positive social experiences, resulting in a positive chain of events in which affiliative behavior toward others elicits reciprocal affiliative behavior toward oneself [e”
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“Research on the dominance–submissiveness (ie, control/agency) dimension of social relationships (Wiggins, Trapnell, & Phillips, 1988 ) illustrates that in task‐related contexts individuals prefer to coordinate with each other when one individual is dominant and the other is submissive (Tiedens & Fragale, 2003 ; Tieden…”
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“Another case in which affective diversity may be helpful is when displays differ in terms of dominance versus suppression, for which complementarity is preferable to convergence ( Tiedens & Fragale, 2003 ).”
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“A study published after our search period also revealed such a relation, based on naı¨ve participants' ratings of a confederate (r ϭ .29, Z ϭ 2.79; Tiedens & Fragale, 2003).”
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“Similarly, people who are exposed to a dominant individual decrease their postural stance, while the inverse is true for those who are exposed to a submissive individual (Tiedens & Fragale, 2003).”
Background
Metadata
- Authors
- Tiedens, L. Z., & Fragale, A. R.
- Affiliations
- Stanford University (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2003
- Volume
- 84
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 558-568
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W4251533964
- Cited by
- 634
- References
- 79
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 27 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 39 · 2017: 36 · 2016: 39 · 2015: 43 · 2014: 44 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 40
- FWCI
- 42.96
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Social Power and Status Dynamics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Social Psychology › Attachment and Relationship Dynamics
- Keywords
- power, complementarity, nonverbal behavior, dominance, submission, interpersonal behavior
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Analysis of Variance, California, Dominance-Subordination, Female, Galvanic Skin Response, Humans, Male, Nonverbal Communication, Posture, Psychological Theory, Social Perception, Observation
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