The DOI matches its Crossref record; 229 of the 229 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior: A meta-analysis of twin and adoption studies
Abstract
A meta-analysis of 51 twin and adoption studies was conducted to estimate the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior. The best fitting model included moderate proportions of variance due to additive genetic influences (.32), nonadditive genetic influences (.09), shared environmental influences (.16), and nonshared environmental influences (.43). The magnitude of familial influences (i.e., both genetic and shared environmental influences) was lower in parent-offspring adoption studies than in both twin studies and sibling adoption studies. Operationalization, assessment method, zygosity determination method, and age were significant moderators of the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior, but there were no significant differences in the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences for males and females.
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In the citing paper
“A considerable number of studies have also demonstrated that genetic effects are important for antisocial behavior (Rhee & Waldman, 2002).”
From Heritability for adolescent antisocial behavior differs with socioeconomic status: gene–environment interaction (2006) · cites this paper as Rhee & Waldman, 2002
In the citing paper
“The model suggests that the less affected sex, i.e., females, may need a greater liability to express antisocial behavior, and so relatives of an affected female are at greater risk of developing antisocial behavior than relatives of an affected male.”
From Heritability for adolescent antisocial behavior differs with socioeconomic status: gene–environment interaction (2006) · cites this paper as Rhee & Waldman, 2002
In the citing paper
“Rhee and Waldman (2002) concluded in their meta-analysis that the magnitude of genetic and environmental influences on antisocial behavior is equal for both sexes”
From Heritability for adolescent antisocial behavior differs with socioeconomic status: gene–environment interaction (2006) · cites this paper as Rhee and Waldman (2002)
In the citing paper
“Both Burt (2009) and Rhee and Waldman (2002) examined nonadditive genetic effects, but only Rhee and Waldman (2002) found significant nonadditive genetic effects for antisocial behavior.”
From Human Aggression Across the Lifespan (2011) · cites this paper as Rhee and Waldman (2002)
In the citing paper
“Yet, there is also plenty of evidence, based on a variety of definitions of aggressive behavior from children to adults, for genetic propensity toward aggression (see reviews by Burt, 2009; Miles and Carey, 1997; Rhee and Waldman, 2002).”
From Human Aggression Across the Lifespan (2011) · cites this paper as Rhee and Waldman, 2002
In the citing paper
“Rhee and Waldman (2002) also summarized the results from 51 twin and adoption studies on criminal behavior, delinquency, psychopathy, conduct disorder, and antisocial personality disorder, as well as aggressive behavior, in children, adolescents, and adults. Genetic factors explained 41% of the variance in antisocial behavior, 16% was explained by shared environmental influences, and the remaining”
From Human Aggression Across the Lifespan (2011) · cites this paper as Rhee and Waldman (2002)
In the citing paper
“This is also well in line with the results of a meta-analysis on antisocial andaggressive behavior that foundnodifferences between twin and siblingadoption studies (h2 = 48%; c2 = 13%, e2 = 0.39%) (Rhee and Waldman, 2002).”
From Human Aggression Across the Lifespan (2011) · cites this paper as Rhee and Waldman, 2002
In the citing paper
“Increasing evidence suggests the importance of heritable factors in the development of aggressive behavior (Burt, 2009; Miles and Carey, 1997; Rhee and Waldman, 2002).”
From Human Aggression Across the Lifespan (2011) · cites this paper as Rhee and Waldman, 2002
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Metadata
- Authors
- Rhee, S. H., & Waldman, I. D.
- Affiliations
- Emory University (US)
- Venue
- Psychological Bulletin
- Published
- 2002
- Volume
- 128
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 490-529
- ISSN
- 0033-2909 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1455
- OpenAlex
- W2153501396
- Cited by
- 1,266
- References
- 228
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 23 · 2024: 35 · 2023: 67 · 2022: 30 · 2021: 38 · 2020: 58 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 59 · 2017: 60 · 2016: 62 · 2015: 85 · 2014: 96 · 2013: 81 · 2012: 85
- FWCI
- 13.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychological Bulletin (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of Mental Health (K01MH001818, MH-01818)
- National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA-13956, K01DA013956)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
- Keywords
- antisocial behavior, heritability, genetic factors, environmental influences, twin studies, adoption studies, nonshared environment, shared environment, additive genetic effects, non-additive genetic effects, zygosity determination
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adoption, Adult, Age Factors, Aggression, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Child, Criminology, Environment, Female, Humans, Juvenile Delinquency, Male, Models, Psychological, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Sex Factors, Twins, Genetic Predisposition to Disease
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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