Cited by 9,987Crime Patterns and InterventionsPsychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual OffendingChild and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development

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Adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior: a developmental taxonomy

Moffitt, Terrie E.·1993·Psychological Review

DOI 10.1037/0033-295x.100.4.674

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Abstract

A dual taxonomy is presented to reconcile 2 incongruous facts about antisocial behavior: (a) It shows impressive continuity over age, but (b) its prevalence changes dramatically over age, increasing almost 10-fold temporarily during adolescence. This article suggests that delinquency conceals 2 distinct categories of individuals, each with a unique natural history and etiology: A small group engages in antisocial behavior of 1 sort or another at every life stage, whereas a larger group is antisocial only during adolescence. According to the theory of life-course-persistent antisocial behavior, children's neuropsychological problems interact cumulatively with their criminogenic environments across development, culminating in a pathological personality. According to the theory of adolescence-limited antisocial behavior, a contemporary maturity gap encourages teens to mimic antisocial behavior in ways that are normative and adjustive.

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Authors: Moffitt, T. E.
Affiliations: University of Wisconsin–Madison (US)
Corresponding author: Moffitt, Terrie E.
ORCID: Moffitt, Terrie E.
Venue: Psychological Review
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 1993
Volume: 100
Issue: 4
Pages: 674-701
ISSN: 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
1939-1471
DOI: 10.1037/0033-295x.100.4.674
OpenAlex: W2162542540
Cited by: 9,987
References: 227
Citations by year: 2026: 213 · 2025: 219 · 2024: 238 · 2023: 257 · 2022: 289 · 2021: 320 · 2020: 445 · 2019: 393 · 2018: 408 · 2017: 447 · 2016: 468 · 2015: 528 · 2014: 494 · 2013: 507 · 2012: 518
FWCI: 234.60
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Locations: Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (5r01mh043746-02, 5r01mh045548-03)
National Institute of Mental Health (MH43746, MH 45070, MH45548, R01MH045070)
Topics: Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Crime Patterns and Interventions
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychopathy, Forensic Psychiatry, Sexual Offending
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
Keywords: delinquency, adolescence, criminogenic environment, neuropsychological problems, personality pathology, maturity gap, etiology of antisocial behavior
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Antisocial Personality Disorder, Child, Humans, Juvenile Delinquency, Male, Personality Development, Social Environment

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Adolescence-limited and life-course-persistent antisocial behavior: a developmental taxonomy

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