A ballistic model of choice response time
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Almost all models of response time (RT) use a stochastic accumulation process. To account for the benchmark RT phenomena, researchers have found it necessary to include between-trial variability in the starting point and/or the rate of accumulation, both in linear (R. Ratcliff & J. N. Rouder, 1998) and nonlinear (M. Usher & J. L. McClelland, 2001) models. The authors show that a ballistic (deterministic within-trial) model using a simplified version of M. Usher and J. L. McClelland's (2001) nonlinear accumulation process with between-trial variability in accumulation rate and starting point is capable of accounting for the benchmark behavioral phenomena. The authors successfully fit their model to R. Ratcliff and J. N. Rouder's (1998) data, which exhibit many of the benchmark phenomena.
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In decision making, the ballistic accumulator model could be considered an extreme version of autocorrelation in which each internal time step produces the same strength of sampled evidence within a trial.
“In decision making, the ballistic accumulator model could be considered an extreme version of autocorrelation in which each internal time step produces the same strength of sampled evidence within a trial [97].”
From Bayesian Brains without Probabilities (2016) · cites this paper as [97]
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- Authors
- Brown, S., & Heathcote, A.
- Affiliations
- University of California, Irvine (US)
- University of Newcastle Australia (AU)
- Venue
- Psychological Review
- Published
- 2005
- Volume
- 112
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 117-128
- ISSN
- 0033-295X (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1471
- OpenAlex
- W2083949963
- Cited by
- 228
- References
- 60
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 8 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 9 · 2014: 20 · 2013: 13 · 2012: 18
- FWCI
- 5.25
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- figshare.com
- Licence
- cc-by
- Locations
- Psychological Review (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- eCite Digital Repository (University of Tasmania) (submittedVersion)
- Figshare (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Figshare (submittedVersion)
- NOVA (University of Newcastle Australia) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › General Decision Sciences › Decision-Making and Behavioral Economics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
- Keywords
- reaction time (psychology), ballistic model, choice reaction time, accumulation rate
- MeSH terms
- Choice Behavior, Humans, Models, Psychological, Reaction Time, Stochastic Processes
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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