The DOI matches its Crossref record; 71 of the 71 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Integration as a general boundary condition on retrieval-induced forgetting.
Abstract
When people form connections between several memories that share a common retrieval cue, the tendency for those memories to interfere with one another during later retrieval attempts is often eliminated. Three experiments examined whether forming such connections might also protect memories from retrieval-induced forgetting, the phenomenon in which retrieving some associates of a cue leads to the suppression of others that interfere during retrieval (M. C. Anderson, E. L. Bjork, & R. A. Bjork, 1994). All 3 experiments found that instructing subjects to interrelate category exemplars during an initial study phase reduced retrieval-induced forgetting. Postexperimental questionnaires indicated that even when people were not instructed to interrelate exemplars, they often did so spontaneously and that this spontaneous integration also protected people from impairment. These findings, together with others obtained in different experimental settings, suggest that complex knowledge structures composed of highly interconnected components may be especially resistant to retrieval-induced forgetting.
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“Specifically, Chan noted that retrieval-induced forgetting tends to be short-lived (MacLeod & Macrae 2001) and can be eliminated if participants are asked to integrate the materials (Anderson & McCulloch 1999).”
From Practicing Retrieval Facilitates Learning (2021) · cites this paper as Anderson & McCulloch 1999
Citations
Cites
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The power of testing memory: Basic research and implications for educational practice
Roediger, H. L., & Karpicke, J. D. (2006) · Perspectives on Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1745-6916.2006.00012.x · Cited by 2,037
Rethinking interference theory: Executive control and the mechanisms of forgetting.
Anderson, M. (2003) · Journal of Memory and Language · doi:10.1016/j.jml.2003.08.006 · Cited by 918
Self-citationTen Benefits of Testing and Their Applications to Educational Practice
Roediger, H. L., III, Putnam, A. L., & Smith, M. A. (2011) · The Psychology of learning and motivation/The psychology of learning and motivation · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-387691-1.00001-6 · Cited by 496
Inhibitory processes and the control of memory retrieval
Levy, B. J. (2002) · Trends in Cognitive Sciences · doi:10.1016/s1364-6613(02)01923-x · Cited by 428
Retrieval-induced forgetting: evidence for a recall-specific mechanism
Anderson, M. C., Bjork, E. L., & Bjork, R. A. (2000) · Psychonomic Bulletin & Review · doi:10.3758/bf03214366 · Cited by 417
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Metadata
- Authors
- Anderson, M. C., & McCulloch, K. C.
- Affiliations
- University of Oregon (US)
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition
- Published
- 1999-05
- Volume
- 25
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 608-629
- ISSN
- 0278-7393 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1285
- OpenAlex
- W2057972724
- Cited by
- 246
- References
- 71
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 7 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 8 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 10 · 2012: 26
- FWCI
- 4.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychology Learning Memory and Cognition (publishedVersion)
- Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory Processes and Influences
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
- Keywords
- retrieval-induced forgetting, memory integration, category exemplars, memory interference, associative memory, knowledge structure, memory suppression
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