The locus of adult intelligence: Knowledge, abilities, and nonability traits
Abstract
Some intelligence theorists (e.g., R. B. Cattell, 1943; D. O. Hebb, 1942) have suggested that knowledge is one aspect of human intelligence that is well preserved or increases during adult development. Very little is known about knowledge structures across different domains or about how individual differences in knowledge relate to other traits. Twenty academic and technology-oriented tests were administered to 135 middle-aged adults. In comparison with younger college students, the middle-aged adults knew more about nearly all of the various knowledge domains. Knowledge was partly predicted by general intelligence, by crystallized abilities, and by personality, interest, and self-concept. Implications of this work are discussed in the context of a developmental theory that focuses on the acquisition and maintenance of intelligence-as-knowledge, as well as the role of knowledge for predicting the vocational and avocational task performance of adults.
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People choose domains in which to invest time, energy, and cognitive resources to gain knowledge and experience.
“Individuals select particular areas in which they invest time, energy, and cognitive resources to gain knowledge and experience”
From Enrichment Effects on Adult Cognitive Development: Can the Functional Capacity of Older Adults Be Preserved and Enhanced? (2008) · cites this paper as Ackerman & Rolfhus, 1999
Ackerman and Rolfhus (1999) found a significant negative association between extraversion (assessed by the NEO-FFI) and scores on nine of the twenty domain knowledge scales.
“Again, Ackerman and Rolfhus found a significant negative association between extraversion (assessed by the NEO-FFI) and scores on nine of the twenty domain knowledge scales (see Table 3).”
From Extraversion and intelligence: A meta-analytic investigation (2005) · cites this paper as Ackerman & Rolfhus, 1999
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- Authors
- Ackerman, P. L., & Rolfhus, E. L.
- Affiliations
- Georgia Institute of Technology (US)
- ORCID
- Ackerman, Phillip L.
- Venue
- Psychology and Aging
- Published
- 1999
- Volume
- 14
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 314-330
- ISSN
- 0882-7974 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1498
- OpenAlex
- W4236471720
- Cited by
- 156
- References
- 0
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 3 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 5 · 2019: 5 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 7 · 2014: 8 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 11
- FWCI
- 9.18
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology and Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Personality Traits and Psychology
- Keywords
- adult intelligence, knowledge, ability, cognitive aging, personality traits
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Aging, Analysis of Variance, Aptitude, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Intelligence, Intelligence Tests, Learning, Male, Middle Aged, Models, Psychological, Personality, Regression Analysis, Knowledge
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