Effects of environmental support and strategy training on older adults’ use of context.
Abstract
Age-related cognitive differences may be due, in part, to difficulties using task-relevant context in a proactive manner. Two studies evaluated different methods for increasing older adults' use of context in the AX-Continuous Performance Task (H. E. Rosvold, A. F. Mirsky, I. Sarason, E. D. Bransome, & L. H. Beck, 1956), which evaluates components of context processing. The results suggest that (a) age differences in the use of context are not due to reduced access to cue information, (b) directed strategy training made older adults' context processing performance more like that of young adults, and (c) similar performance changes could be observed with less directed instruction and extended practice. These results suggest that age-related differences in context processing can be ameliorated by directed strategy training or extended practice.
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Previous studies have reported the malleability of cognitive control mechanisms engaged in the AX-CPT due to experience-based conditions such as bilingualism or different kinds of training interventions.
“Previous studies have already reported the malleability of cognitive control mechanisms engaged in the AX-CPT due to experience-based conditions such as bilingualism (Morales et al., 2013, 2015) or different kinds of training interventions”
From Training on Working Memory and Inhibitory Control in Young Adults (2016) · cites this paper as Paxton et al., 2006
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- Authors
- Paxton, J. L., Barch, D. M., Storandt, M., & Braver, T. S.
- Affiliations
- Washington University in St. Louis (US)
- Venue
- Psychology and Aging
- Published
- 2006
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 499-509
- ISSN
- 0882-7974 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1498
- OpenAlex
- W1985639194
- Cited by
- 132
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 13 · 2021: 13 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 11 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 5 · 2013: 4 · 2012: 4
- FWCI
- 4.61
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Psychology and Aging (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute on Aging (5 T32 AG00030)
- National Institutes of Health (5 R01 MH06607803)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Functions and Memory
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Neuropsychology and Physiological Psychology › Aging and Gerontology Research
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Keywords
- context processing, older adults, age-related cognitive decline, strategy training, environmental support, AX-CPT, practice effects, age differences
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Aged, 80 and over, Aging, Association Learning, Attention, Awareness, Cues, Female, Humans, Male, Neuropsychological Tests, Practice, Psychological, Problem Solving, Psychometrics, Psychomotor Performance, Reaction Time, Mental Recall, Reference Values, Retention, Psychology
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