Fear and Avoidance: An Integrated Expectancy Model.

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Avoidance learning: a review of theoretical models and recent developments

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Rethinking avoidance: Toward a balanced approach to avoidance in treating anxiety disorders

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Safety behaviours preserve threat beliefs: Protection from extinction of human fear conditioning by an avoidance response

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Extension of the Transdiagnostic Model to Focus on Intolerance of Uncertainty: A Review of the Literature and Implications for Treatment

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Modeling Trait Anxiety: From Computational Processes to Personality

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Rating data are underrated: Validity of US expectancy in human fear conditioning

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A contemporary behavior analysis of anxiety and avoidance

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Avoidance and its bi-directional relationship with conditioned fear: Mechanisms, moderators, and clinical implications

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An elevated plus-maze in mixed reality for studying human anxiety-related behavior

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The potential impact of mindfulness on exposure and extinction learning in anxiety disorders

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Evidence for expectancy as a mediator of avoidance and anxiety in a laboratory model of human avoidance learning

Lovibond, P. F., Saunders, J. C., Weidemann, G., & Mitchell, C. J. (2008) · Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology · doi:10.1080/17470210701503229 · Cited by 109 · see citing works

The validity of human avoidance paradigms.

Krypotos, A.-M., Vervliet, B., & Engelhard, I. (2018) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2018.10.011 · Cited by 95 · see citing works

Avoidance behavior in chronic pain research: a cold case revisited

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Persecutory delusions and the conditioned avoidance paradigm: Towards an integration of the psychology and biology of paranoia

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Contextual fear induced by unpredictability in a human fear conditioning preparation is related to the chronic expectation of a threatening US

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The clinical applications and practical relevance of human conditioning paradigms for posttraumatic stress disorder

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Safe From Harm: Learned, Instructed, and Symbolic Generalization Pathways of Human Threat-Avoidance

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TRANSFORMATION OF AVOIDANCE RESPONSE FUNCTIONS IN ACCORDANCE WITH SAME AND OPPOSITE RELATIONAL FRAMES

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A temporal difference account of avoidance learning

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Acquisition of behavioral avoidance: task-irrelevant conditioned stimuli trigger costly decisions.

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Cognitive–Behavioral Theory and Preparation for Professionals at Risk for Trauma Exposure

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Influence of stress on fear memory processes in an aversive differential conditioning paradigm in humans

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Contingency Learning Deficits and Generalization in Chronic Unilateral Hand Pain Patients

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Generalisation of fear and avoidance along a semantic continuum

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Overcoming avoidance in anxiety disorders: The contributions of Pavlovian and operant avoidance extinction methods

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The cost of fear: avoidant decision making in a spider gambling task.

Pittig, A., Brand, M., Pawlikowski, M., & Alpers, G. (2014) · Journal of Anxiety Disorders · doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2014.03.001 · Cited by 63 · see citing works

Higher threat avoidance costs reduce avoidance behaviour which in turn promotes fear extinction in humans.

Rattel, J., Miedl, S., Blechert, J., & Wilhelm, F. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2016.12.010 · Cited by 57 · see citing works

Estradiol levels in women predict skin conductance response but not valence and expectancy ratings in conditioned fear extinction

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Derived Avoidance Learning: Transformation of Avoidance Response Functions in Accordance with Same and Opposite Relational Frames

Dymond, S., Roche, B., Forsyth, J. P., Whelan, R., & Rhoden, J. (2008) · The Psychological Record · doi:10.1007/bf03395615 · Cited by 64 · see citing works

Inferred threat and safety: Symbolic generalization of human avoidance learning

Dymond, S., Schlund, M. W., Roche, B., Whelan, R., Richards, J., & Davies, C. (2011) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2011.06.007 · Cited by 69 · see citing works

Perceptual and conceptual similarities facilitate the generalization of instructed fear

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Victimization experiences and the stabilization of victim sensitivity

Gollwitzer, M., Süssenbach, P., & Hannuschke, M. (2015) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2015.00439 · Cited by 52 · see citing works

Same fear responses, less avoidance: Rewards competing with aversive outcomes do not buffer fear acquisition, but attenuate avoidance to accelerate subsequent fear extinction.

Pittig, A., & Dehler, J. (2019) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2018.11.003 · Cited by 43 · see citing works

Partial reinforcement of avoidance and resistance to extinction in humans

Xia, W., Dymond, S., Lloyd, K. R., & Vervliet, B. (2017) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2017.04.002 · Cited by 51 · see citing works

Passive avoidance is linked to impaired fear extinction in humans.Preprint

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Following and Avoiding Fear-Inducing News Topics: Fear Intensity, Perceived News Topic Importance, Self-Efficacy, and News Overload

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Avoidance of learnt fear: Models, potential mechanisms, and future directions.

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A dimensional measure of safety behavior: A non-dichotomous assessment of costly avoidance in human fear conditioning

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Psychophysiological and Self-Report Components of Disgust in Body Dysmorphic Disorder: The Effects of Repeated Exposure

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Enhancing extinction learning: Occasional presentations of the unconditioned stimulus during extinction eliminate spontaneous recovery, but not necessarily reacquisition of fear

Thompson, A., McEvoy, P. M., & Lipp, O. V. (2018) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2018.07.001 · Cited by 38 · see citing works

Avoidance in Anorexia Nervosa: Towards a research agenda

Melles, H., Spix, M., & Jansen, A. (2021) · Physiology & Behavior · doi:10.1016/j.physbeh.2021.113478 · Cited by 37 · see citing works

Neuroimaging the temporal dynamics of human avoidance to sustained threat

Schlund, M. W., Hudgins, C. D., Magee, S., & Dymond, S. (2013) · Behavioural Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.bbr.2013.09.042 · Cited by 33 · see citing works

The effects of age and trait anxiety on avoidance learning and its generalization.

Klein, Z., Shner, G., Ginat-Frolich, R., Vervliet, B., & Shechner, T. (2020) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2020.103611 · Cited by 30 · see citing works

Intolerance of uncertainty prospectively predicts the transdiagnostic severity of emotional psychopathology: Evidence from a Veteran sample.

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Fear learning, avoidance, and generalization are more context-dependent for adults than adolescents.

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Impaired action-safety learning and excessive relief during avoidance in patients with anxiety disorders

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Intentional avoidance of physical activity in women with migraine

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Extinction of aversive eliciting functions as an analog of exposure to conditioned fear: Does it alter avoidance responding?

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Social anxiety and cognitive expectancy of aversive outcome in avoidance conditioning

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From bad to worse: Symbolic equivalence and opposition in fear generalisation

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Renewal of signaled shuttle box avoidance in rats

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Negative reinforcement rate and persistent avoidance following response-prevention extinction

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The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly—Chances, Challenges, and Clinical Implications of Avoidance Research in Psychosomatic Medicine

Labrenz, F., Woud, M., Elsenbruch, S., & Icenhour, A. (2022) · Frontiers in Psychiatry · doi:10.3389/fpsyt.2022.841734 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Avoidance as expectancy in rats: sex and strain differences in acquisition

Avcu, P., Jiao, X., Myers, C. E., Beck, K. D., Pang, K. C. H., & Servatius, R. J. (2014) · Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience · doi:10.3389/fnbeh.2014.00334 · Cited by 22 · see citing works

Reward Processes in Extinction Learning and Applications to Exposure Therapy

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Pavlovian safety learning: An integrative theoretical review

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Evidence for an Expectancy-Based Theory of Avoidance Behaviour

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Not so bad: avoidance and aversive discounting modulate threat appraisal in anterior cingulate and medial prefrontal cortex

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Sensation Seeking and Neuroticism in Fear Conditioning and Extinction: The Role of Avoidance Behaviour

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Anxiety and fear in PTSD☆

Zoellner, L. A., Ojalehto, H. J., Rosencrans, P. L., Walker, R. W., Garcia, N. M., Sheikh, I. S., & Bedard‐Gilligan, M. A. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-816022-0.00002-8 · Cited by 19 · see citing works

An Associative Account of Avoidance

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What you cannot see can help you: The effect of exposure to unreportable stimuli on approach behavior

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Avoiding a feared stimulus: Modelling costly avoidance of learnt fear in a sensory preconditioning paradigm.

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Interpersonal functioning in hoarding: An investigation of the link between hoarding symptoms and social support, social anhedonia, and social rewards

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The role of relief, perceived control, and prospective intolerance of uncertainty in excessive avoidance in uncertain-threat environments

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Evidence for a hierarchical structure underlying avoidance behavior.

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To prevent means to know: Explicit but no implicit agency for prevention behavior.

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Inhibited Personality Temperaments Translated Through Enhanced Avoidance and Associative Learning Increase Vulnerability for PTSD

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Transfer of avoidance responding to a sensory preconditioned cue: Evidence for the role of S-S and R-S knowledge in avoidance learning

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On the role of US expectancies in avoidance behavior

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Expectancies and avoidance: Towards an integrated model of chronic somatic symptoms

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Is Adding Education to Trunk and Hip Exercises Beneficial for Patellofemoral Pain? A Randomized Controlled Trial

Sheikhi, B., Rabiei, P., Letafatkar, A., & Rossettini, G. (2023) · Archives of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation · doi:10.1016/j.apmr.2023.08.030 · Cited by 15 · see citing works

Dynamics of defensive response mobilization during repeated terminations of exposure to increasing interoceptive threat

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Intentions matter: Avoidance intentions regulate anxiety via outcome expectancy.

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Avoidance learning and classical eyeblink conditioning as model systems to explore a learning diathesis model of PTSD

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Decomposing conditioned avoidance performance with computational models

Krypotos, A., Crombez, G., Meulders, A., Claes, N., & Vlaeyen, J. W. S. (2020) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2020.103712 · Cited by 11 · see citing works

Evidence for the interchangeability of an avoidance behavior and a negative occasion setter

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Renewal of instrumental avoidance in humans

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Transfer of exposure therapy effects to a threat context not considered during treatment in patients with panic disorder and agoraphobia: Implications for potential mechanisms of change.

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Different Flying Histories in Flying Phobics: Association with Psychopathology and Treatment Outcome

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Evidence against an occasion setting account of avoidance learning

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Overnight fasting affects avoidance learning and relief

Papalini, S., Neefs, L., Beckers, T., Oudenhove, L. V., & Vervliet, B. (2022) · Nutritional Neuroscience · doi:10.1080/1028415x.2022.2103068 · Cited by 9 · see citing works

The Lesser Evil: Pavlovian-Instrumental Transfer & Aversive Motivation.

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Conceptual advances in the cognitive neuroscience of learning: Implications for relational frame theory

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Unconditioned stimulus devaluation decreases the generalization of costly safety behaviors.

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Relating different perspectives on how outcomes of behavior influence behavior

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Working hard to avoid: Fixed-ratio response effort and maladaptive avoidance in humans

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Threat belief determines the degree of costly safety behavior: Assessing rule-based generalization of safety behavior with a dimensional measure of avoidance.

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Better safe than wealthy: Dysfunctional risk avoidance in spider-fearful individuals

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Dual-system free-operant avoidance: Extension of a theory.

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El doble procesamiento paralelo en situación de crisis: fundamentación motivacional

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Individual Differences in Vulnerability Factors for Anxiety Disorders: A Study on the Acquisition, Extinction, and Renewal of Avoidance, and the Concomitant Dynamics of Relief

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Reduction of conditioned avoidance via contingency reversal

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The generalization of threat beliefs to novel safety stimuli induced by safety behaviors.

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Renewal of instrumental avoidance in humans.

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