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A responsive parenting intervention: The optimal timing across early childhood for impacting maternal behaviors and child outcomes.
Open accessAbstract
This study examined the optimal timing (infancy, toddler-preschool, or both) for facilitating responsive parenting and the intervention effects on maternal behaviors and child social and communication skills for children who vary in biological risk. The intervention during infancy, Playing and Learning Strategies (PALS I), showed strong changes in maternal affective-emotional and cognitively responsive behaviors and infants' development. However, it was hypothesized that a 2nd intervention dose in the toddler-preschool period was needed for optimal results. Families from the PALS I phase were rerandomized into either the PALS II, the toddler-preschool phase, or a Developmental Assessment Sessions condition, resulting in 4 groups. Facilitation of maternal warmth occurred best with the PALS I intervention, while cognitive responsive behaviors were best supported with the PALS II intervention. Behaviors that required responsiveness to the child's changing signals (contingent responsiveness, redirecting) required the intervention across both the early and later periods.
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“Conclusions about causality can only be made in the context of experimental studies, 58,91 -93 and approximations of causality may be derived from longitudinal designs that address directionality and temporal precedence. 94”
From Parenting Behavior and Child Language: A Meta-analysis. (2019) · cites this paper as [58]
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“Sensitive responsiveness is a modi fi able risk factor that has been successfully trained in parents in randomized controlled trials and shown to improve the language development of children.”
From Parenting Behavior and Child Language: A Meta-analysis. (2019) · cites this paper as [58]
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“Sensitive responsiveness is a modi fi able risk factor that has been successfully trained in parents in randomized controlled trials and shown to improve the language development of children.”
From Parenting Behavior and Child Language: A Meta-analysis. (2019) · cites this paper as [58]
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“Sensitive responsiveness is a modi fi able risk factor that has been successfully trained in parents in randomized controlled trials and shown to improve the language development of children.”
From Parenting Behavior and Child Language: A Meta-analysis. (2019) · cites this paper as [58]
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“supportive parenting early in life has been shown to have positive effects on cognitive, behavioral, and psychological development throughout the lifespan (Beckwith et al., 1992, Eshel et al., 2006, Landry et al., 2008).”
From Positive parenting predicts the development of adolescent brain structure: a longitudinal study (2014) · cites this paper as Landry et al., 2008
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Metadata
- Authors
- Landry, S. H., Smith, K. E., Swank, P. R., & Guttentag, C.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
- The University of Texas Medical Branch at Galveston (US)
- Venue
- Developmental Psychology
- Published
- 2008
- Volume
- 44
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 1335-1353
- ISSN
- 0012-1649 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-0599
- PMC
- PMC2570562
- OpenAlex
- W1987458959
- Cited by
- 465
- References
- 55
- Citations by year
- 2026: 18 · 2025: 17 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 28 · 2022: 19 · 2021: 62 · 2020: 28 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 31 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 27 · 2014: 28 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 25
- FWCI
- 17.04
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Developmental Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (HD36099)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Child and Adolescent Psychosocial and Emotional Development
- Social Sciences › Education › Early Childhood Education and Development
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Developmental and Educational Psychology › Language Development and Disorders
- Keywords
- responsive parenting, intervention timing, maternal warmth, biological risk, infancy, early childhood intervention, re-randomization
- MeSH terms
- Age Factors, Attention, Child, Preschool, Communication, Cooperative Behavior, Education, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Infant, Interpersonal Relations, Language Development, Male, Maternal Behavior, Mother-Child Relations, Risk Factors, Social Behavior
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