The DOI matches its Crossref record; 7 of the 7 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Defensive helping: Threat to group identity, ingroup identification, status stability, and common group identity as determinants of intergroup help-giving.
Abstract
On the basis of development of the concept of "defensive helping," the authors demonstrated that high ingroup identifiers thwart a threat to group identity through defensive help-giving (i.e., by extending help to an outgroup member whose achievements jeopardize their status). Participants were 255 Israeli high school students (130 boys and 125 girls) ages 16-18. The phenomenon of defensive helping was demonstrated in a minimal group (Study 1) and real-group (Study 2) experiment. Study 3, which examined real groups, supported the extension of the phenomenon of defensive helping to relations between high- and low-status groups, showing that members of a high-status group who perceive status relations with the low-status outgroup as unstable will protect the ingroup's identity by providing dependency-oriented help to the low-status outgroup. Priming for common ingroup identity reversed this pattern, with participants electing to offer autonomy-oriented rather than defensive help. Theoretical and applied implications of these findings are discussed with respect to social change, paternalism, and helping between nations.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
A Collective Self-Esteem Scale: Self-Evaluation of One’s Social Identity
Luhtanen, R., & Crocker, J. (1992) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167292183006 · Cited by 3,057
Prosocial Behavior: Multilevel Perspectives
Penner., L. A., Dovidio., J. F., Piliavin., J. A., & Schroeder., D. A. (2005) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.56.091103.070141 · Cited by 2,308
Ellemers, N., Spears, R., & Doosje, B. (2002) · Annual Review of Psychology · doi:10.1146/annurev.psych.53.100901.135228 · Cited by 1,845
Leach, C. W., van Zomeren, M., Zebel, S., Vliek, M. L. W., Pennekamp, S. F., Doosje, B., Ouwerkerk, J. W., & Spears, R. (2008) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.95.1.144 · Cited by 1,826
Omoto, A. M., & Snyder, M. (1995) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-3514.68.4.671 · Cited by 1,105
Nice Guys Finish First: The Competitive Altruism Hypothesis
Hardy, C. L., & Van Vugt, M. (2006) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167206291006 · Cited by 836
In-Group or Out-Group Extemity: Importance of the Threatened Social Identity
Branscombe, N. R., Wann, D. L., Noel, J. G., & Coleman, J. (1993) · Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin · doi:10.1177/0146167293194003 · Cited by 334
Cited by
Radke, H. R. M., Kutlaca, M., Siem, B., Wright, S. C., & Becker, J. C. (2020) · Personality and Social Psychology Review · doi:10.1177/1088868320918698 · Cited by 334
Kuppens, T., Spears, R., Manstead, A. S. R., Spruyt, B., & Easterbrook, M. J. (2018) · Journal of Experimental Social Psychology · doi:10.1016/j.jesp.2017.11.001 · Cited by 164
Altering Perceived Cultural and Economic Threats can Increase Immigrant Helping
Burhan, O. K., & van Leeuwen, E. (2016) · Journal of Social Issues · doi:10.1111/josi.12181 · Cited by 30
Metadata
- Authors
- Nadler, A., Harpaz-Gorodeisky, G., & Ben-David, Y.
- Venue
- Journal of Personality and Social Psychology
- Published
- 2009
- Volume
- 97
- Issue
- 5
- Pages
- 823-834
- ISSN
- 0022-3514 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-1315
- OpenAlex
- W1995101392
- Cited by
- 163
- References
- 7
- FWCI
- 22.79
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: Defensive helping: Threat to group identity, ingroup identification, status stability, and common group identity as determinants of intergroup help-giving. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1037/a0015968
- The paper
- Nadler, A., Harpaz-Gorodeisky, G., & Ben-David, Y. (2009). Defensive helping: Threat to group identity, ingroup identification, status stability, and common group identity as determinants of intergroup help-giving. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0015968
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.
