The effects of handedness and reachability on perceived distance.

Linkenauger, Sally A.; Witt, Jessica K.; Stefanucci, Jeanine K.; Bakdash, Jonathan Z.; Proffitt, Dennis R.

doi:10.1037/a0016875

Cited by 122Embodied and Extended CognitionVisual perception and processing mechanismsSpatial Cognition and Navigation

The effects of handedness and reachability on perceived distance.

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Linkenauger, Sally A., Witt, Jessica K., Stefanucci, Jeanine K., Bakdash, Jonathan Z., Proffitt, Dennis R.·2009·Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance

DOI 10.1037/a0016875PMC PMC3291021

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Abstract

Previous research has suggested that perceived distances are scaled by the action capabilities of the body. The present studies showed that when "reachability" is constrained due to a difficult grasp required to pick up an object, perceived distance to the object increases. Participants estimated the distances to tools with handle orientations that made them either easy or difficult to grasp with their dominant and nondominant hands. Right-handed participants perceived tools that were more difficult to grasp to be farther away than tools that were easier to grasp. However, perceived distance did not differ in left-handed participants. These studies suggest that, when reaching toward a target, the distance to that target is scaled in terms of how far one can effectively reach, given the type of reaching posture that is executed. Furthermore, this effect is modulated by handedness.

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Perception incorporates perceivers' assessments of their own and relevant others' abilities rather than being a pure reflection of objective sensory reality.
“Perception, rather than being a pure reflection of objective sensory reality, incorporates perceivers' assessments of their own and relevant others' abilities (Linkenauger, Witt, Stefanucci, Bakdash, & Proffitt, 2009;Witt et al., 2014).”
From Optimizing performance through intrinsic motivation and attention for learning: The OPTIMAL theory of motor learning (2016) · cites this paper as Linkenauger et al., 2009

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Authors: Linkenauger, S. A., Witt, J. K., Stefanucci, J. K., Bakdash, J. Z., & Proffitt, D. R.
Affiliations: University of Virginia (US)
Purdue University West Lafayette (US)
William & Mary (US)
Corresponding author: Linkenauger, Sally A.
ORCID: Linkenauger, Sally A.
Witt, Jessica K.
Stefanucci, Jeanine K.
Bakdash, Jonathan Z.
Venue: Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2009
Volume: 35
Issue: 6
Pages: 1649-1660
ISSN: 0096-1523 (ISSN-L)
1939-1277
DOI: 10.1037/a0016875
PMC: PMC3291021
OpenAlex: W2029100910
Cited by: 122
References: 45
Citations by year: 2025: 4 · 2024: 2 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 6 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 5 · 2017: 7 · 2016: 9 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 10 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 10
FWCI: 5.32
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Journal of Experimental Psychology Human Perception & Performance (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
W&M Publish (College of William & Mary) (submittedVersion)
Lancaster EPrints (Lancaster University) (submittedVersion)
MPG.PuRe (Max Planck Society) (submittedVersion)
Funders: Office of Naval Research (N000140110060)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Embodied and Extended Cognition
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
Physical Sciences › Engineering › Automotive Engineering › Spatial Cognition and Navigation
Keywords: perceived distance, reachability, handedness, action capabilities, distance perception, left-handedness
MeSH terms: Distance Perception, Female, Hand, Humans, Functional Laterality, Male, Orientation, Psychomotor Performance, Space Perception, Hand Strength

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The effects of handedness and reachability on perceived distance.

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