The DOI matches its Crossref record; 16 of the 16 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Chronic stress, daily stressors, and circulating inflammatory markers
Open accessAbstract
OBJECTIVES: Acute laboratory stressors elicit elevations in serum levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Chronic stressors, such as family dementia caregiving, promote a state of chronic low-grade elevation in circulating inflammatory markers. The recurrent daily stressors associated with chronic stress may lead to repeated and sustained activation of the physiological stress systems. The present study evaluated the possibility that greater exposure and reactivity to daily stressors fueled increased levels of circulating inflammatory markers among family dementia caregivers, compared with noncaregiving controls. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 53 caregivers and 77 noncaregiving controls. A semistructured interview assessed the occurrence of daily stressors in the past 24 h. A blood sample provided data on two inflammatory markers, C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6). RESULTS: Caregivers were more likely to experience multiple stressors in the past 24 h than noncaregiving controls. The occurrence of multiple daily stressors was associated with greater serum IL-6 and CRP levels. The greater occurrence of daily stressors in the past 24 h partially mediated the relationship between dementia caregiving and CRP levels. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the cumulative effect of daily stressors promotes elevations in inflammatory markers. Greater exposure to daily stressors may be a psychobiological mechanism leading to elevations in CRP levels among family dementia caregivers.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“Stress-induced dysbiosis (and the subsequent impaired intestinal barrier and bacterial translocation) has been proposed as a key molecular mechanism that stimulates innate immune activity and contributes to the association between chronic psychological stressors and systemic inflammation in humans [69,70].”
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
The CES-D Scale: A Self-Report Depression Scale for Research in the General Population
Radloff, L. S. (1977) · Applied Psychological Measurement · doi:10.1177/014662167700100306 · Cited by 53,267
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index: a new instrument for psychiatric practice and research
Buysse, D. J., Reynolds, C. F., Monk, T. H., Berman, S. R., & Kupfer, D. J. (1989) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(89)90047-4 · Cited by 35,234
SPSS and SAS procedures for estimating indirect effects in simple mediation models
Preacher, K. J., & Hayes, A. F. (2004) · Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, & Computers · doi:10.3758/bf03206553 · Cited by 17,383
Steptoe, A., Hamer, M., & Chida, Y. (2007) · Brain, Behavior, and Immunity · doi:10.1016/j.bbi.2007.03.011 · Cited by 1,278
CHAMPS Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Adults: outcomes for interventions
Stewart, A. L., Mills, K. M., King, A. C., Haskell, W. L., Gillis, D., & Ritter, P. L. (2001) · Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise · doi:10.1097/00005768-200107000-00010 · Cited by 1,274
Fillenbaum, G. G., & Smyer, M. A. (1981) · Journal of Gerontology · doi:10.1093/geronj/36.4.428 · Cited by 1,127
Resilience and Vulnerability to Daily Stressors Assessed via Diary Methods
Almeida, D. M. (2005) · Current Directions in Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.0963-7214.2005.00336.x · Cited by 871
Pace, T. W. W., Mletzko, T. C., Alagbe, O., Musselman, D. L., Nemeroff, C. B., Miller, A. H., & Heim, C. M. (2006) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.2006.163.9.1630 · Cited by 810
Hostile Marital Interactions, Proinflammatory Cytokine Production, and Wound Healing
Kiecolt-Glaser, J. K., Loving, T. J., Stowell, J. R., Malarkey, W. B., Lemeshow, S., Dickinson, S. L., & Glaser, R. (2005) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.62.12.1377 · Cited by 715
Interleukin-6 in Aging and Chronic Disease: A Magnificent Pathway
Maggio, M. G., Guralnik, J. M., Longo, D. L., & Ferrucci, L. (2006) · The Journals of Gerontology Series A · doi:10.1093/gerona/61.6.575 · Cited by 696
The Daily Inventory of Stressful Events: An Interview-Based Approach for Measuring Daily Stressors
Almeida, D. M., Wethington, E., & Kessler, R. C. (2002) · Assessment · doi:10.1177/1073191102091006 · Cited by 596
Zhou, D., Kusnecov, A. W., Shurin, M. R., DePaoli, M., & Rabin, B. S. (1993) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endo.133.6.8243274 · Cited by 494
Immune Dysregulation and Chronic Stress among Older Adults: A Review
Gouin, J.-P., Hantsoo, L. V., & Kiecolt‐Glaser, J. K. (2008) · NeuroImmunoModulation · doi:10.1159/000156468 · Cited by 320
Fuligni, A. J., Telzer, E. H., Bower, J., Cole, S. W., Kiang, L., & Irwin, M. R. (2009) · Psychosomatic Medicine · doi:10.1097/psy.0b013e3181921b1f · Cited by 170
The blessed dementia scale as a screening test for dementia
Erkinjuntti, T., Hokkanen, L., Sulkava, R. O., & Palo, J. (1988) · International Journal of Geriatric Psychiatry · doi:10.1002/gps.930030406 · Cited by 85
SHAW, I. F. (2016) · Routledge eBooks · doi:10.4324/9781315246208 · Cited by 37
Cited by
Sorted by citations
2016 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
Alzheimer's Association (2016) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2016.03.001 · Cited by 5,069
2013 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
Thies, W. H., & Bleiler, L. (2013) · Alzheimer s & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2013.02.003 · Cited by 3,372
2019 Alzheimer’s disease facts and figures.
Alzheimer's Association (2019) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2019.01.010 · Cited by 2,461
2018 Alzheimer's disease facts and figures
Alzheimer's Association (2018) · Alzheimer's & Dementia · doi:10.1016/j.jalz.2018.02.001 · Cited by 1,912
Goldsmith, D. R., Rapaport, M. H., & Miller, B. J. (2016) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/mp.2016.3 · Cited by 1,683
Metadata
- Authors
- Gouin, J.-P., Glaser, R., Malarkey, W. B., Beversdorf, D., & Kiecolt-Glaser, J.
- Affiliations
- The Ohio State University (US)
- The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (US)
- University of Missouri (US)
- Corresponding author
- Gouin, Jean-Philippe
- Venue
- Health Psychology
- Published
- 2012-03
- Volume
- 31
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 264-268
- ISSN
- 0278-6133 (ISSN-L)
- 1930-7810
- PMC
- PMC3253267
- OpenAlex
- W2038138146
- Cited by
- 293
- References
- 16
- Citations by year
- 2026: 16 · 2025: 22 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 29 · 2021: 30 · 2020: 22 · 2019: 23 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 22 · 2016: 18 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 11 · 2012: 9
- FWCI
- 5.47
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Health Psychology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (AG025732, UL1RR025755)
- Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center Core (CA16058)
- Fonds de la Recherche en Santé du Québec
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Behavioral Neuroscience › Stress Responses and Cortisol
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Health and Well-being Studies
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Biological Psychiatry › Tryptophan and brain disorders
- Keywords
- chronic stress, daily hassles, C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, inflammatory markers, psychoneuroimmunology, caregiver burden
- MeSH terms
- Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Alzheimer Disease, C-Reactive Protein, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Inflammation, Male, Middle Aged, Stress, Psychological, Biomarkers, Interleukin-6, Case-Control Studies, Caregivers
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
