Prolonged exposure therapy for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: comparing outcomes for Veterans of different wars

Yoder, Matthew; Tuerk, Peter W.; Price, Matthew; Grubaugh, Anouk L.; Strachan, Martha; Myrick, Hugh; Acierno, Ron

doi:10.1037/a0026279

Cited by 96Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchPsychotherapy Techniques and ApplicationsSleep and related disorders

Prolonged exposure therapy for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: comparing outcomes for Veterans of different wars

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Yoder, Matthew, Tuerk, Peter W., Price, Matthew, Grubaugh, Anouk L., Strachan, Martha, Myrick, Hugh, Acierno, Ron·2012·Psychological Services

DOI 10.1037/a0026279PMC PMC3427616

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Abstract

There is significant support for exposure therapy as an effective treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) across a variety of populations, including veterans; however, there is little empirical information regarding how veterans of different war theaters respond to exposure therapy. Accordingly, questions remain regarding therapy effectiveness for treatment of PTSD for veterans of different eras. Such questions have important implications for the dissemination of evidence based treatments, treatment development, and policy. The current study compared treatment outcomes across 112 veterans of the Vietnam War, the first Persian Gulf War, and the wars in Afghanistan and Iraq. All subjects were diagnosed with PTSD and enrolled in prolonged exposure (PE) treatment. Veterans from all three groups showed significant improvement in PTSD symptoms, with veterans from Vietnam and Afghanistan/Iraq responding similarly to treatment. Persian Gulf veterans did not respond to treatment at the same rate or to the same degree as veterans from the other two eras. Questions and issues regarding the effectiveness of evidence based treatment for veterans from different eras are discussed.

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Previous studies examining treatment outcome for PTSD between Veteran cohorts suggest poorer treatment outcome in Vietnam-era Veterans than in returning Veterans from Iraq and Afghanistan.
“Previous studies examining treatment outcome for PTSD between Veteran cohorts suggest poorer treatment outcome in Vietnam-era Veterans than in returning Veterans from the wars in Iraq and Afghanistan (Chard, Schumm, Owens, & Cottingham, 2010; Eftekhari et al., 2013; but see Yoder et al., 2012).”
From Cognitive-behavioral therapy for late-life anxiety: Similarities and differences between Veteran and community participants (2015) · cites this paper as Yoder et al., 2012

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Authors: Yoder, M., Tuerk, P. W., Price, M., Grubaugh, A. L., Strachan, M., Myrick, H., & Acierno, R.
Affiliations: Veterans Health Administration (US)
ORCID: Tuerk, Peter W.
Price, Matthew
Grubaugh, Anouk L.
Acierno, Ron
Venue: Psychological Services
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2012-02
Volume: 9
Issue: 1
Pages: 16-25
ISSN: 1541-1559 (ISSN-L)
1939-148X
DOI: 10.1037/a0026279
PMC: PMC3427616
OpenAlex: W2141191952
Cited by: 96
References: 25
Citations by year: 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 2 · 2021: 4 · 2020: 4 · 2019: 20 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 11 · 2015: 10 · 2014: 9 · 2013: 8 · 2012: 6
FWCI: 8.27
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Psychological Services (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (T32MH018869)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Psychotherapy Techniques and Applications
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Keywords: prolonged exposure therapy, post-traumatic stress disorder, combat veterans, Vietnam War veterans, Gulf War veterans, treatment response, dissemination of evidence-based treatment
MeSH terms: Adult, Humans, Implosive Therapy, Male, Retrospective Studies, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Veterans, Treatment Outcome, Vietnam Conflict, Iraq War, 2003-2011, Afghan Campaign 2001-

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Prolonged exposure therapy for combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder: comparing outcomes for Veterans of different wars

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