No narrowing in mean Black–White IQ differences—Predicted by heritable g.
Abstract
Comments on the original article, "Intelligence: New findings and theoretical developments," by R. E. Nisbett, J. Aronson, C. Blair, W. Dickens, J. Flynn, D. F. Halpern, and E. Turkheimer (see record 2011-30298-001). The present authors assert Nisbett et al were incorrect when they claimed that between 1972 and 2002 there was a 5.5-point narrowing of the 15-point IQ gap between Blacks and Whites (p. 146). In doing so, they sidestepped Rushton and Jensen's (2006) objections to Dickens and Flynn's (2006) evidence and failed to include subsequent evidence. The present authors maintain that Nisbett et al failed to describe accurately how heritable g provides evidence of a significant genetic contribution to Black-White differences. The present authors claim Nisbett et al obscured the topic by invoking alleged age and social class interactions and adoption studies of very young children. Many twin and adoption studies have shown that by adolescence, there are equal heritabilities (about 50%) for Whites, Blacks, and East Asians (Hur, Shin, Jeong, & Han, 2006; Rushton & Jensen, 2010b). There is no evidence of any special cultural influence, such as extreme deprivation or being raised as a visible minority, that operates in one group and not in others.
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EQUALITY OF EDUCATIONAL OPPORTUNITY
Coleman, J. S. (1968) · Equity & Excellence in Education · doi:10.1080/0020486680060504 · Cited by 5,326 · see citing works
Intelligence: New findings and theoretical developments
Nisbett, R. E., Aronson, J., Blair, C., Dickens, W., Flynn, J., Halpern, D. F., & Turkheimer, E. (2012) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0026699 · Cited by 968 · see citing works
NAEP 2008: Trends in Academic Progress. NCES 2009-479.
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Black Americans Reduce the Racial IQ Gap: Evidence From Standardization Samples
Dickens, W. T., & Flynn, J. R. (2006) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01802.x · Cited by 119 · see citing works
The rise and fall of the Flynn Effect as a reason to expect a narrowing of the Black–White IQ gap☆
Rushton, J. P., & Jensen, A. R. (2010) · Intelligence · doi:10.1016/j.intell.2009.12.002 · Cited by 61 · see citing works
Self-citationRushton, J. P., & Jensen, A. R. (2010) · The Open Psychology Journal · doi:10.2174/1874350101003010009 · Cited by 48 · see citing works
Self-citationThe Totality of Available Evidence Shows the Race IQ Gap Still Remains
Rushton, J. P., & Jensen, A. R. (2006) · Psychological Science · doi:10.1111/j.1467-9280.2006.01803.x · Cited by 42 · see citing works
Self-citationRushton, J. P., Bons, T. A., Vernon, P. A., & Čvorović, J. (2007) · Proceedings of the Royal Society B Biological Sciences · doi:10.1098/rspb.2007.0461 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Self-citationThe South Korean Twin Registry
Hur, Y., Kang, M. C., Jeong, H., Kang, I., & Kim, J. W. (2006) · Twin Research and Human Genetics · doi:10.1017/thg.2019.115 · Cited by 12 · see citing works
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Group differences in IQ are best understood as environmental in origin.
Nisbett, R. E., Aronson, J., Blair, C., Dickens, W., Flynn, J., Halpern, D. F., & Turkheimer, E. (2012) · American Psychologist · doi:10.1037/a0029772 · Cited by 29 · see citing works
- Authors
- Rushton, J. P.
- Affiliations
- Western University (CA)
- Corresponding author
- Rushton, J. Philippe
- Venue
- American Psychologist
- Published
- 2012
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 500-501
- ISSN
- 0003-066X (ISSN-L)
- 1935-990X
- OpenAlex
- W2144997402
- Cited by
- 5
- References
- 9
- Citations by year
- 2019: 1 · 2018: 1 · 2016: 1 · 2015: 1 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 0.86
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- American Psychologist (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Intergenerational and Educational Inequality Studies
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Race, Genetics, and Society
- Keywords
- heritability, twin and adoption studies, cultural deprivation, Flynn effect
- MeSH terms
- Humans, Intelligence, Intelligence Tests, Gene-Environment Interaction
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