Reward guides attention to object categories in real-world scenes.
Open accessAbstract
Reward is thought to motivate animal-approach behavior in part by automatically facilitating the perceptual processing of reward-associated visual stimuli. Studies have demonstrated this effect for low-level visual features such as color and orientation. However, outside of the laboratory, it is rare that low-level features uniquely characterize objects relevant for behavior. Here, we test whether reward can prime representations at the level of object category. Participants detected category exemplars (cars, trees, people) in briefly presented photographs of real-world scenes. On a subset of trials, successful target detection was rewarded and the effect of this reward was measured on the subsequent trial. Results show that rewarded selection of a category exemplar caused other members of this category to become visually salient, disrupting search when subsequently presented as distractors. It is important to note that this occurred even when there was little opportunity for the repetition of visual features between examples, with the rewarded selection of a human body increasing the salience of a subsequently presented face. Thus, selection of a category example appears to activate representations of prototypical category characteristics even when these are not present in the stimulus. In this way, reward can guide attention to categories of stimuli even when individual examples share no visual characteristics.
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- Authors
- Hickey, C., Kaiser, D., & Peelen, M. V.
- Affiliations
- University of Trento (IT)
- Venue
- Journal of Experimental Psychology: General
- Published
- 2015
- Volume
- 144
- Issue
- 2
- Pages
- 264-273
- ISSN
- 0096-3445 (ISSN-L)
- 1939-2222
- OpenAlex
- W2095020810
- Cited by
- 91
- References
- 47
- Citations by year
- 2026: 6 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 7 · 2023: 17 · 2022: 4 · 2021: 5 · 2020: 8 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 9 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 7 · 2015: 4 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 6.81
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- orcid.org
- Locations
- Journal of Experimental Psychology General (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (submittedVersion)
- Iris (University of Trento) (submittedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research (NWO) (016–125-283)
- Autonomous Province of Trento
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Visual perception and processing mechanisms
- Physical Sciences › Computer Science › Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition › Visual Attention and Saliency Detection
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
- Keywords
- reward, attention, object categories, visual saliency, visual search, real-world scenes, face perception
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Attention, Concept Formation, Female, Humans, Male, Pattern Recognition, Visual, Reward, Young Adult
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Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
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