Sequencing of symptom emergence in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and purging disorder and relations of prodromal symptoms to future onset of these disorders.

Stice, Eric; Desjardins, Christopher David; Rohde, Paul; Shaw, Heather

doi:10.1037/abn0000666

Cited by 81Eating Disorders and BehaviorsNutrition, Health and Food BehaviorChild Nutrition and Feeding Issues

Sequencing of symptom emergence in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and purging disorder and relations of prodromal symptoms to future onset of these disorders.

Open access

Stice, Eric, Desjardins, Christopher David, Rohde, Paul, Shaw, Heather·2021·Journal of Abnormal Psychology

DOI 10.1037/abn0000666PMC PMC8244173

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

The objective of this study was to characterize the temporal sequencing of symptom emergence for anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), binge eating disorder (BED), and purging disorder (PD), as well as to test whether prodromal symptoms increase risk for future onset of each type of eating disorder and compare the predictive effects to those of established risk factors. Data from four prevention trials that targeted high-risk young women with body image concerns (N = 1,952; Mage = 19.7, SD = 5.7) and collected annual diagnostic interview data over 3-year follow-up were combined to address these aims. Regarding behavioral symptoms, compensatory weight control behaviors typically emerged first for AN, BN, and PD, whereas binge eating typically emerged first for BED. Regarding cognitive symptoms, for AN, weight/shape overvaluation typically emerged first, whereas for BN, BED, and PD, overvaluation typically emerged simultaneously with feeling fat and fear of weight gain. Binge eating, compensatory behaviors, weight/shape overvaluation, fear of weight gain, and feeling fat predicted BN, BED, and PD onset, whereas weight/shape overvaluation, fear of weight gain, and lower than expected body mass index predicted AN onset. Predictive effects of prodromal symptoms were similar in magnitude to those of established risk factors: Collectively, prodromal symptoms and risk factors predicted onset of specific eating disorders with 67-83% accuracy. Results suggest that compensatory weight control behaviors and cognitive symptoms are likely to emerge before binge eating in the various eating disorders and that offering indicated prevention programs to youth with prodromal symptoms may be an effective way to prevent eating disorders. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1037/abn0000666

Cites

31 of 31 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Claims the paper makes

The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.

Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

There is possibly evidence for prodromal periods for eating disorders.
“possibly for eating disorders [75]”
From Towards a youth mental health paradigm: a perspective and roadmap (2023) · cites this paper as [75]

Self-check

Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.

The self-check needs the paper’s full text.

A power primer.
Cohen, J. (1992) · Psychological Bulletin · doi:10.1037//0033-2909.112.1.155 · Cited by 8,771 · see citing works
Estimating the reproducibility of psychological science
Open Science Collaboration (2015) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.aac4716 · Cited by 8,515 · see citing works
The prevalence and correlates of eating disorders in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication
Hudson, J. I., Hiripi, E., Pope, H. G., & Kessler, R. C. (2007) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2006.03.040 · Cited by 4,973 · see citing works
Assessment of social adjustment by patient self report.
Weissman, M. M. (1976) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1976.01770090101010 · Cited by 1,782 · see citing works
How Do Risk Factors Work Together? Mediators, Moderators, and Independent, Overlapping, and Proxy Risk Factors
Kraemer, H. C., Stice, E., Kazdin, A., Offord, D., & Kupfer, D. (2001) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/appi.ajp.158.6.848 · Cited by 1,712 · see citing works
Self-citation
The Prevalence and Correlates of Binge Eating Disorder in the World Health Organization World Mental Health Surveys
Kessler, R. C., Berglund, P. A., Chiu, W. T., Deitz, A. C., Hudson, J. I., Shahly, V., Aguilar-Gaxiola, S., Alonso, J., Angermeyer, M. C., Benjet, C., et al. (2013) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2012.11.020 · Cited by 1,338 · see citing works
Genome-wide association study identifies eight risk loci and implicates metabo-psychiatric origins for anorexia nervosa
Initiative, A. N. G., Watson, H. J., Eating Disorders Working Group of the Psychiatric Genomics Consortium, Yilmaz, Z., Thornton, L. M., Hübel, C., Coleman, J. R. I., Gaspar, H. A., Bryois, J., Hinney, A., et al. (2019) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41588-019-0439-2 · Cited by 1,109 · see citing works
Body mass index as a measure of adiposity among children and adolescents: A validation study
Pietrobelli, A., Faith, M. S., Allison, D. B., Gallagher, D., Chiumello, G., & Heymsfield, S. B. (1998) · The Journal of Pediatrics · doi:10.1016/s0022-3476(98)70433-0 · Cited by 943 · see citing works
Screening for Adolescent Depression: A Comparison of Depression Scales
ROBERTS, R. E., LEWINSOHN, P. M., & SEELEY, J. R. (1991) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/00004583-199101000-00009 · Cited by 850 · see citing works
Size of Treatment Effects and Their Importance to Clinical Research and Practice
KRAEMER, H. C., & Kupfer, D. J. (2005) · Biological Psychiatry · doi:10.1016/j.biopsych.2005.09.014 · Cited by 850 · see citing works
Prevalence, incidence, impairment, and course of the proposed DSM-5 eating disorder diagnoses in an 8-year prospective community study of young women
Stice, E., Marti, C. N., & Rohde, P. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0030679 · Cited by 822 · see citing works
Self-citation
Risk factors that predict future onset of each DSM-5 eating disorder: Predictive specificity in high-risk adolescent females
Stice, E., Gau, J. M., Rohde, P., & Shaw, H. (2017) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000219 · Cited by 558 · see citing works
Dissonance and healthy weight eating disorder prevention programs: Long-term effects from a randomized efficacy trial.
Stice, E. M., Marti, C. N., Spoor, S. T. P., Presnell, K. E., & Shaw, H. E. (2008) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/0022-006x.76.2.329 · Cited by 504 · see citing works
Self-citation
Development and predictive effects of eating disorder risk factors during adolescence: Implications for prevention efforts
Rohde, P., Stice, E., & Marti, C. N. (2015) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22270 · Cited by 388 · see citing works
Self-citation
Are dietary restraint scales valid measures of acute dietary restriction? Unobtrusive observational data suggest not
Stice, E., Fisher, M., & Lowe, M. R. (2004) · Psychological Assessment · doi:10.1037/1040-3590.16.1.51 · Cited by 364 · see citing works
Risk Factors for the Onset of Eating Disorders in Adolescent Girls: Results of the McKnight Longitudinal Risk Factor Study
The McKnight Investigators (2003) · American Journal of Psychiatry · doi:10.1176/ajp.160.2.248 · Cited by 354 · see citing works
DSM-IV-TR and DSM-5 eating disorders in adolescents: prevalence, stability, and psychosocial correlates in a population-based sample of male and female adolescents.
Allen, K., Byrne, S., Oddy, W., & Crosby, R. (2013) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0034004 · Cited by 308 · see citing works
Prevention of eating disorders: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Le, L. K., Barendregt, J. J., Hay, P., & Mihalopoulos, C. (2017) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2017.02.001 · Cited by 277 · see citing works
The role of interpersonal functioning in the maintenance of eating psychopathology: A systematic review and testable model
Arcelus, J., Haslam, M., Farrow, C., & Meyer, C. (2013) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2012.10.009 · Cited by 276 · see citing works
Who is really at risk? Identifying risk factors for subthreshold and full syndrome eating disorders in a high-risk sample
Jacobi, C., Fittig, E., Bryson, S. W., Wilfley, D. E., KRAEMER, H. C., & Taylor, C. B. (2011) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291710002631 · Cited by 161 · see citing works
A prospective test of the temporal sequencing of risk factor emergence in the dual pathway model of eating disorders.
Stice, E. M., & Ryzin, M. J. V. (2018) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000400 · Cited by 159 · see citing works
Self-citation
An effectiveness trial of a selected dissonance-based eating disorder prevention program for female high school students: Long-term effects.
Stice, E. M., Rohde, P., Shaw, H. E., & Gau, J. M. (2011) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/a0024351 · Cited by 151 · see citing works
Self-citation
Risk and maintenance factors for young women’s DSM-5 eating disorders
Dakanalis, A., Clerici, M., Bartoli, F., Caslini, M., Crocamo, C., Riva, G., & Carrà, G. (2017) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-017-0761-6 · Cited by 107 · see citing works
Childhood Risk Factors for Lifetime Anorexia Nervosa by Age 30 Years in a National Birth Cohort
Nicholls, D., & Viner, R. (2009) · Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry · doi:10.1097/chi.0b013e3181ab8b75 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Clinician-led, peer-led, and internet-delivered dissonance-based eating disorder prevention programs: Effectiveness of these delivery modalities through 4-year follow-up.
Stice, E. M., Rohde, P., Shaw, H. E., & Gau, J. M. (2020) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000493 · Cited by 100 · see citing works
Self-citation
Satiety and test meal intake among women with binge eating disorder
Sysko, R., Devlin, M. J., Walsh, B. T., Zimmerli, E. J., & Kissileff, H. R. (2007) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.20384 · Cited by 93 · see citing works
A randomized controlled trial of the effectiveness of virtually delivered Body Project (vBP) groups to prevent eating disorders.
Ghaderi, A., Stice, E. M., Andersson, G., Persson, J. E., & Allzén, E. (2020) · Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology · doi:10.1037/ccp0000506 · Cited by 72 · see citing works
Self-citation
Effectiveness trial of a selective dissonance-based eating disorder prevention program with female college students: Effects at 2- and 3-year follow-up
Stice, E. M., Rohde, P., Butryn, M. L., Shaw, H. E., & Marti, C. N. (2015) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2015.05.012 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citation
Consistency of food intake over four eating sessions in the laboratory
Martin, C. K., Williamson, D. A., Geiselman, P. J., Walden, H. M., Smeets, M. A. M., Morales, S., & Redmann, S. M. (2005) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2005.03.002 · Cited by 68 · see citing works
Risk factors for binge eating and purging eating disorders: Differences based on age of onset
Allen, K. L., Byrne, S. M., Oddy, W. H., Schmidt, U. H., & Crosby, R. D. (2014) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22299 · Cited by 62 · see citing works
Reciprocal Associations between Negative Affect, Binge Eating, and Purging in the Natural Environment in Women with Bulimia Nervosa
Lavender, J. M., Utzinger, L. M., Cao, L., Wonderlich, S., Engel, S., Mitchell, J., & Crosby, R. (2015) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000135 · Cited by 49 · see citing works

Flagged first, then by citations

1 of the 32 references couldn’t be matched to a known paper.

Research works printed but not linked: 4

American Psychiatric Association (2013). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association.
Beck A, Steer R, & Garbin M (1988). Psychometric properties of the Beck Depression Inventory: Twenty-five years later. Clinical Psychology Review, 8, 77– 100.
Fairburn C (1997). Eating disorders. In Clark D & Fairburn C (Eds.), Science and practice of cognitive behaviour therapy (pp. 209– 241). Oxford, United Kingdom: Oxford University Press.
van Strien T, Frijters J, Van Staveren W, Defares P, & Deurenberg P (1986). The predictive validity of the Dutch Restrained Eating Scale. International Journal of Eating Disorders, 5, 747– 755.

Sorted by citations

Towards a youth mental health paradigm: a perspective and roadmap
Uhlhaas, P. J., Davey, C. G., Mehta, U. M., Shah, J., Torous, J., Allen, N. B., Avenevoli, S., Bella-Awusah, T., Chanen, A., Chen, E. Y. H., et al. (2023) · Molecular Psychiatry · doi:10.1038/s41380-023-02202-z · Cited by 318 · see citing works
Binge eating disorder
Giel, K. E., Bulik, C. M., Fernandez-Aranda, F., Hay, P., Keski-Rahkonen, A., Schag, K., Schmidt, U., & Zipfel, S. (2022) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-022-00344-y · Cited by 296 · see citing works
A meta-analytic review of trials that tested whether eating disorder prevention programs prevent eating disorder onset
Stice, E., Onipede, Z. A., & Marti, C. N. (2021) · Clinical Psychology Review · doi:10.1016/j.cpr.2021.102046 · Cited by 132 · see citing works
Self-citation
Risk Factors That Predict Future Onset of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge Eating Disorder, and Purging Disorder in Adolescent Girls
Yamamiya, Y., & Stice, E. M. (2023) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2023.10.002 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citation
Low Self-Esteem and Life Satisfaction as a Significant Risk Factor for Eating Disorders among Adolescents
Pelc, A., Winiarska, M., Polak-Szczybyło, E., Godula, J., & Stępień, A. E. (2023) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu15071603 · Cited by 37 · see citing works
A conceptual framework on body representations and their relevance for mental disorders
Möllmann, A., Heinrichs, N., & Herwig, A. (2024) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1231640 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Early childhood appetitive traits and eating disorder symptoms in adolescence: a 10-year longitudinal follow-up study in the Netherlands and the UK
Derks, I. P. M., Nas, Z., Harris, H. A., Kininmonth, A. R., Treasure, J. L., Jansen, P. W., & Llewellyn, C. H. (2024) · The Lancet Child & Adolescent Health · doi:10.1016/s2352-4642(23)00342-5 · Cited by 30 · see citing works
Bi-directional associations between depressive symptoms and eating disorder symptoms in early adolescence
Kenny, B., Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz, M., Moodie, M., Brown, V., & Williams, J. W. (2022) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2022.06.012 · Cited by 28 · see citing works
2025 Update to the Female Athlete Triad Coalition Consensus Statement Part 2: Clinical Guidelines for Screening, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Return to Play for Adolescents and Adults
Williams, N. I., Souza, M. J. D., Misra, M. D. D. S. K., Nattiv, A., Joy, E. A., Barrack, M. T., Ricker, E. A., Gorrell, S., Koltun, K. J., O’Donnell, E., et al. (2025) · Sports Medicine · doi:10.1007/s40279-025-02332-0 · Cited by 32 · see citing works
Body dissatisfaction and disordered eating in the perinatal period: an underrecognized high-risk timeframe and the opportunity to intervene
Vanderkruik, R. C., Ellison, K., Kanamori, M., Freeman, M. P., Cohen, L. S., & Stice, E. M. (2022) · Archives of Women s Mental Health · doi:10.1007/s00737-022-01236-6 · Cited by 25 · see citing works
Self-citation
Sequencing of symptom emergence in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and purging disorder in adolescent girls and relations of prodromal symptoms to future onset of these eating disorders
Yamamiya, Y., Desjardins, C. D., & Stice, E. M. (2022) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291722001568 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citation
Young women who develop anorexia nervosa exhibit a persistently low premorbid body weight on average: A longitudinal investigation of an important etiologic clue.
Stice, E. M., Desjardins, C. D., & Rohde, P. (2022) · Journal of Psychopathology and Clinical Science · doi:10.1037/abn0000762 · Cited by 19 · see citing works
Self-citation
Dynamic relationships among feeling fat, fear of weight gain, and eating disorder symptoms in an eating disorder sample
Ralph‐Nearman, C., Hooper, M. A., Hunt, R. A., & Levinson, C. A. (2024) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2023.107181 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Redefining diagnostic parameters: the role of overvaluation of shape and weight in binge-eating disorder: a systematic review
Melisse, B., & Dingemans, A. E. (2025) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-025-01187-0 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
The future of the eating disorder field: Inclusive, aware of systems, and personalized
Levinson, C. A., Cusack, C. E., Hunt, R. A., Fitterman-Harris, H. F., Ralph‐Nearman, C., & Hooper, S. C. (2024) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2024.104648 · Cited by 14 · see citing works
Does acceptance lead to change? Training in radical acceptance improves implementation of cognitive reappraisal.
Segal, O., Sher, H., Aderka, I. M., & Weinbach, N. (2023) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2023.104303 · Cited by 13 · see citing works
Evaluating whether a peer-led dissonance-based eating disorder prevention program prevents onset of each eating disorder type
D’Adamo, L., Ghaderi, A., Rohde, P., Gau, J. M., Shaw, H. E., & Stice, E. M. (2023) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291723000739 · Cited by 10 · see citing works
Self-citation
Evidence that a novel transdiagnostic eating disorder treatment reduces reward region response to the thin beauty ideal and high-calorie binge foods
Stice, E. M., Yokum, S., Rohde, P., Gau, J. M., & Shaw, H. E. (2021) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291721004049 · Cited by 9 · see citing works
Self-citation
Neural risk factors that predict the future onset of binge eating or compensatory weight control behaviors: A prospective 4-year fMRI study
Stice, E. M., Yokum, S., Gau, J. M., & Shaw, H. E. (2025) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291724003337 · Cited by 8 · see citing works
Self-citation
‘Feeling fat’ amid the COVID-19 pandemic: Examining the role of emotion dysregulation in the body displacement hypothesis
Mehak, A., Miller, A. E., Trolio, V., & Racine, S. E. (2022) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2022.101597 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Awareness of Eating Disorders, Nutritional Knowledge, and Emotionally Driven Eating Among Polish Adolescents Aged 15–17—A Pilot Study
Zięba, M., Jaskuła, M., & Lachowicz, S. (2025) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu17121994 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
Influence of Nutrition, Lifestyle Habits, and Socio-Demographic Determinants on Eating Disorder Symptoms in the Spanish Young Adult Population: A Cross-Sectional Nationwide Survey
Sandri, E., Sguanci, M. E., Larumbe, E. C., Cerdá‐Olmedo, G., Piredda, M., & Mancin, S. (2024) · Medicina · doi:10.3390/medicina60101565 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Teasing Apart the Roles of Interoception, Emotion, and Self-Control in Anorexia Nervosa
Arnaud, S., Sullivan, J. A., MacKinnon, A., & Bodell, L. P. (2023) · Review of Philosophy and Psychology · doi:10.1007/s13164-023-00706-9 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Relationship between energy balance and reward system gene polymorphisms and appetitive traits in young Mexican subjects
Rivera‐Íñiguez, I., Hunot‐Alexander, C., Sepúlveda-Villegas, M., Campos-Medina, L., & Román, S. (2024) · Frontiers in Nutrition · doi:10.3389/fnut.2024.1373578 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Testing "Feeling Fat" as a Mediator of the Longitudinal Relationship Between Negative Emotions and Eating Disorder Behaviors.
Hill, N. G., Jo, J. H., & Forney, K. J. (2024) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24270 · Cited by 7 · see citing works
The Transition to College as a Risk Factor for Eating Disorders
Laboe, A. A., Shah, J., & Fitzsimmons‐Craft, E. E. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-97416-9_27-1 · Cited by 6 · see citing works
Eating Disorder Symptom and Fear Change Trajectories During Imaginal Exposure Therapy: A Slope Network Analysis
Nicholas, J. K., Cusack, C. E., & Levinson, C. A. (2022) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2022.09.006 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Binge‐eating disorder with and without lifetime anorexia nervosa: A comparison of sociodemographic and clinical features
Pawar, P. S., Thornton, L. M., Flatt, R. E., Sanzari, C. M., Carrino, E. A., Tregarthen, J., Argue, S., Bulik, C. M., & Watson, H. J. (2022) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23858 · Cited by 5 · see citing works
Risk factors that predict future onset of restricting versus binge/purge anorexia nervosa in women: an exploratory study
Gil, M., Weinbach, N., Desjardins, C. D., & Stice, E. M. (2025) · Eating Disorders · doi:10.1080/10640266.2025.2556221 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
Self-citation
Eating disorders in young people
Phillipou, A., McGorry, P. D., Killackey, E. J., & Maguire, S. (2023) · Australasian Psychiatry · doi:10.1177/10398562231159514 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
A meta‐analytic review of impact of measurement choice on RCTs to reduce appearance internalization
Mol, T., Thompson, J. K., & Fuller‐Tyszkiewicz, M. (2023) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.23990 · Cited by 4 · see citing works
DISTÚRBIOS ALIMENTARES E SEUS FATORES GENÉTICOS: REVISÃO DE LITERATURA
Júnior, E. L. D. S., Fernandes, G. B., Safieddine, F. H., Alves, I. G., Ferreira, J. Z., Paula, F. A. P., Baretta, I. P., & Pacheco, R. B. (2023) · Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR · doi:10.25110/arqsaude.v27i7.2023-014 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Food choice motives mediate the relationship between delay discounting and binge eating: A structural equation modelling approach
Colton, E., Mahlberg, J., Chong, T. T. ‐., & Verdejo‐García, A. (2024) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2024.107834 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Early intervention in eating disorders: introducing the chronopathogram
Preti, A., Bevione, F., Lacidogna, M. C., Raballo, A., Poletti, M., & Daga, G. A. (2025) · Eating and Weight Disorders - Studies on Anorexia Bulimia and Obesity · doi:10.1007/s40519-025-01715-6 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Losing weight, gaining confidence? actual weight does not predict body (dis)satisfaction and self-esteem in adolescents with anorexia nervosa
Lukas, L., Nuding, L., Schulte‐Körne, G., Platt, B., & Sfärlea, A. (2025) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-025-01338-3 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-Esteem and Eating Attitudes in Emerging Adulthood: The Mediating Role of Social Physique Anxiety and the Moderating Role of Gender
Mouatsou, C., & Koutra, K. (2026) · Psychology International · doi:10.3390/psycholint8010004 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The significance of the father-daughter relationship to understanding and treating Bulimia Nervosa: a Hermeneutic Phenomenological Study
Saunokonoko, A., Mars, M. S., & Sattmann-Frese, W. (2022) · Cogent Psychology · doi:10.1080/23311908.2022.2095721 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Eating disorder risk among Australian youth starting a diet in the community
Pehlivan, M., Okada, M., Miskovic‐Wheatley, J., Barakat, S., Touyz, S. W., Simpson, S. J., Griffiths, K. R., Holmes, A. J., & Maguire, S. (2024) · Appetite · doi:10.1016/j.appet.2024.107685 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
A Psychophysiological Investigation of Mechanisms Underlying “Feeling Fat” in Women With and Without Binge Eating
Mehak, A., Wilson, S., & Racine, S. E. (2024) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24293 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Emotion Regulation, Eating Psychopathology, and Putative Transdiagnostic Psychological Processes: Findings from an Exploratory Network Analysis in a College Sample
Rodrigues, T. F., Silva, R., Fernández‐Aranda, F., & Machado, P. P. P. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16203452 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The relationship between duration of untreated symptoms and clinical outcomes in first episode eating disorders
Austin, A., Flynn, M., Richards, K. L., Allen, K. L., Mountford, V. A., Glennon, D., Brown, A., Grant, N., Franklin‐Smith, M., Schelhase, M., et al. (2025) · Psychiatry Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.psycom.2025.100217 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Protective and risk factors for eating disorders: protocol for a prospective cohort study of children at familial high risk (BLOOM)
Jørgensen, M. S., Schousboe, A., Pappaianni, E., Steinstad, L., Eisemann, C., Klitgård, M., & Micali, N. (2025) · BMJ Open · doi:10.1136/bmjopen-2025-105185 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The key role of specific DSM ‐5 diagnostic criteria in the early development of alcohol use disorder: Findings from the RADAR prospective cohort study
Slade, T. N., O’Dean, S., Chung, T. A., Mewton, L. R., McCambridge, J., Clare, P. J., Bruno, R., Yuen, W. S., Tibbetts, J., Clay, P., et al. (2024) · Alcoholism Clinical and Experimental Research · doi:10.1111/acer.15379 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
The Influence of Negative Affect and Food Stimuli on Cognitive Flexibility in Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa
Gil, M., Latzer, Y., Tziperman, N., Farbstein, D., Sher, H., & Weinbach, N. (2024) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.3159 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
The Transition to College as a Risk Factor for Eating Disorders
Laboe, A. A., Shah, J., & Fitzsimmons‐Craft, E. E. (2024) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-46096-8_27 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Associations Between the Use of Fitness and Diet Tracking Technology and Disordered Eating Behaviour: A Systematic Review
Moody, S. C., Ross, L., Opitz, M., Hemmings, A., İnce, B., Bryson, C., Kuehne, C., Douglas, D., Phillips, M. D., Langhorne, V., et al. (2025) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.70006 · Cited by 3 · see citing works
Expanding the Scope of Open Weighing to Target Anxiety About the Consequences of Weight Gain in Cognitive‐Behavioral Therapy for Eating Disorders
Essayli, J. H., Hill, K. A., Zickgraf, H. F., Forrest, L. N., & Levinson, C. A. (2025) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24571 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Bidirectional associations between anxiety and eating disorder symptoms in adolescence: the moderating role of childhood household dysfunction
Jiang, G., Peng, S., Zhong, J., Guo, Y., Liu, Q., Zhou, Y., & Guo, L. (2025) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-025-01478-6 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Duration of Untreated Eating Disorder and Prodrome in Young People: Characteristics and Relationship to Early Outcomes
McClelland, J., Austin, A., Flynn, M., Mountford, V. A., Simic, M., & Schmidt, U. (2026) · Early Intervention in Psychiatry · doi:10.1111/eip.70164 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Evaluating Priorities, a novel eating disorder prevention program targeting overvaluation of weight and shape
Stice, E. M., Shah, S., Aquino, A., Rohde, P., Shaw, H. E., & Yokum, S. (2026) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102145 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
Bulimia nervosa
Hay, P., Appolinário, J. C., Giel, K. E., Keshen, A. R., Mitchison, D., Schmidt, U., Steward, T., & Stice, E. M. (2026) · Nature Reviews Disease Primers · doi:10.1038/s41572-026-00726-6 · Cited by 2 · see citing works
Self-citation
Mental health and body image among SGM youth engaged with a digital eating disorder intervention
Kasson, E. M., Szlyk, H. S., Li, X., Sirko, G., Rehg, I., Vázquez, M. M., Wilfley, D. E., Taylor, C. B., & Fitzsimmons‐Craft, E. E. (2024) · International journal of LGBTQ+ youth studies. · doi:10.1080/19361653.2024.2375519 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Prospective reciprocal relations between psychosocial impairment and eating disorder symptoms in a high-risk sample
Stern, M., Rohde, P., Desjardins, C. D., Perry, J. S., & Stice, E. M. (2025) · Eating Behaviors · doi:10.1016/j.eatbeh.2025.101958 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
Self-citation
A Narrative Review on the Dual Pathway Model of Bulimic Pathology
Krug, I., Puccio, F., Potingale, J., & Dang, A. B. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-16691-4_48 · Cited by 1 · see citing works
A Narrative Review on the Dual Pathway Model of Bulimic Pathology
Krug, I., Puccio, F., Potingale, J., & Dang, A. B. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67929-3_48-1
The Impact of Affect on Help-Seeking in Students with Disordered Eating
Lauten, F. A. (2022) · doi:10.46569/20.500.12680/ww72bj31q
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Purging Disorder
Agüera, Z., Baenas, I., & Fernández‐Aranda, F. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67929-3_68-1
Treating Adolescent Bulimia Nervosa
Gorrell, S., Brosof, L. C., Hail, L., & Grange, D. L. (2022) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67929-3_47-1
Investigating the shared and unique mechanisms of the development of comorbid eating disorder-anxiety symptoms during adolescence.
Brosof, L. C. (2022) · doi:10.18297/etd/3935
Treating Adolescent Bulimia Nervosa
Gorrell, S., Brosof, L. C., Hail, L., & Grange, D. L. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-16691-4_47
Cognitive-Behavioral Therapy and Purging Disorder
Agüera, Z., Baenas, I., & Fernández‐Aranda, F. (2023) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-16691-4_68
The Influence of Negative Affect on Working Memory Updating of Food Stimuli Among Adolescents With Anorexia Nervosa
Gil, M., Latzer, Y., Tziperman, N., Farbstein, D., Sher, H., & Weinbach, N. (2025) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.24367
Early intervention for mental health and substance use disorders
Mei, C., Power, P., Bedi, G., Maguire, S., McCutcheon, L., Ratheesh, A., Witt, K., & McGorry, P. D. (2025) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780198898818.003.0010
„Youth Mental Health“: Früherkennung und Frühintervention psychischer Erkrankungen im Jugendalter
Uhlhaas, P. J., Bechdolf, A., Konrad, K., Koutsouleris, N., Meisenzahl, E. M., Meyer‐Lindenberg, A., Reininghaus, U., & Correll, C. U. (2025) · Der Nervenarzt · doi:10.1007/s00115-025-01847-1
Defining Recovery and Relapse in Bulimia Nervosa: A Systematic Review of the Literature
Gardini, V., Pagli, F., & Tomba, E. (2025) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.70033
Randomized target engagement trial of a dissonance-based transdiagnostic eating disorder treatment versus transdiagnostic interpersonal psychotherapy
Stice, E. M., Yokum, S., Rohde, P., Bohon, C., & Shaw, H. E. (2025) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291725102341
Self-citation
Fear of Food in Eating Disorders: Its Role in Eating Disorder Symptomatology, Psychopathology, and Early Outpatient Treatment
Tomba, E., Tecuta, L., Gardini, V., Dato, E. L., Mazzoni, C., Schumann, R., & Ballardini, D. (2025) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2025.11.003
Executive Functions, Anthropometric Profile, and Diet: Comparisons in Adolescent Females With and Without Eating Disorder Symptoms
Domínguez-Muñoz, D. A., Jiménez‐Zamarripa, C. A., Cruz-Trujillo, R., Flores-Guillén, E., Jacome, A. P., Tejas-Juárez, J. G., Briones-Aranda, A., Corzo-Gómez, J. C., Espinosa‐Juárez, J. V., Ortiz, A. P., et al. (2025) · Adolescents · doi:10.3390/adolescents5040080
Testing whether established risk factors for future eating disorder onset predict future overweight/obesity onset: A prospective study
Stice, E. M., & Yamamiya, Y. (2026) · Behaviour Research and Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.brat.2026.104984
Self-citation
Dynamic bidirectional relationships between weight concerns, restrained eating, and psychological distress in Chinese young adults: A daily diary study
Zhao, P., Xu, J., Ma, X., & Wang, H. (2026) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102090
A Randomized Effectiveness Trial of a Dissonance‐Based Dual Obesity and Eating Disorder Prevention Program
Stice, E. M., Rohde, P., Gau, J. M., & Shaw, H. E. (2026) · Diabetes Obesity and Metabolism · doi:10.1111/dom.70775
Self-citation
A cross-disciplinary approach to disordered eating in youths with type 1 diabetes in an out-patient setting
Gribsholt, S. B., Christensen, M. B., Kristensen, K., Rokkedal, K., Solskov, L. J., Clausen, L., & Abild, C. B. (2026) · Primary care diabetes · doi:10.1016/j.pcd.2026.05.002
Associations between socio-demographic patterns, body dissatisfaction, and eating disorder risk in women: a cluster-based approach
Juergensen, V., Halbeisen, G., Lehe, M. S., & Paslakis, G. (2026) · Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1186/s40337-026-01616-8
Racial and Ethnic Differences in Risk Factors and Prodromal Symptoms That Predict Eating Disorder Onset: A 3-Year Prospective Study of Adolescent Girls and Young Women
Yamamiya, Y., & Stice, E. M. (2026) · Journal of Clinical Medicine · doi:10.3390/jcm15103872
Self-citation
Sleep, PTSD, and eating disorders: a longitudinal study on mental health in a community sample in israel following collective trauma
Spivak‐Lavi, Z., Tzischinsky, O., & Latzer, Y. (2026) · Current Psychology · doi:10.1007/s12144-026-09531-6
Family Functioning Among Adolescents With Avoidant/Restrictive Food Intake Disorder
Rienecke, R. D., Manwaring, J. L., Anderson, K., Duffy, A., Joiner, T. E., Mehler, P. S., & Blalock, D. V. (2026) · European Eating Disorders Review · doi:10.1002/erv.70137
Family physical violence and purging behaviors in adolescents: The mediating role of psychological distress
de Matos, D. C. M., Marques, E. S., Vaz, J. D. S., Buffarini, R., & Vilela, A. A. F. (2026) · Appetite Disordered Eating · doi:10.1016/j.appde.2026.100002
Essstörungen
Wälte, D., Himmerich, H., & Schneider, F. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-662-70668-8_27
Examining the associations of thwarted belongingness and perceived burdensomeness with eating disorder symptoms in Chinese gender-diverse adults: The mixed role of appearance congruence
Barnhart, W. R., Chen, X., Xiao, Y., Li, Y., Nagata, J. M., Smith, A., & He, J. (2026) · Body Image · doi:10.1016/j.bodyim.2026.102188
From childhood trauma to disordered eating behaviors in adolescence: Sex-specific associations via distinct emotion regulation difficulties
Lavoie, C., Carbonneau, N., Truong, C., & Marin, M. (2026) · Appetite Disordered Eating · doi:10.1016/j.appde.2026.100011
Prospective Predictors of Eating Disorder Duration and Transition to a Second Distinct Eating‐Disorder Family in Adolescent Girls and Young Women
Imahori, K., Yamamiya, Y., & Stice, E. M. (2026) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.70240
Self-citation

Sequencing of symptom emergence in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and purging disorder in adolescent girls and relations of prodromal symptoms to future onset of these eating disorders
Yamamiya, Y., Desjardins, C. D., & Stice, E. M. (2022) · Psychological Medicine · doi:10.1017/s0033291722001568 · Cited by 21 · see citing works
Self-citation
Risk factors that predict future onset of each DSM-5 eating disorder: Predictive specificity in high-risk adolescent females
Stice, E., Gau, J. M., Rohde, P., & Shaw, H. (2017) · Journal of Abnormal Psychology · doi:10.1037/abn0000219 · Cited by 558 · see citing works
Self-citation
Weight suppression increases odds for future onset of anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and purging disorder, but not binge eating disorder
Stice, E. M., Rohde, P., Shaw, H. E., & Desjardins, C. D. (2020) · American Journal of Clinical Nutrition · doi:10.1093/ajcn/nqaa146 · Cited by 69 · see citing works
Self-citation
Premorbid BMI predicts binge‐purge symptomatology among individuals with anorexia nervosa
Lantz, E. L., Gillberg, C., Råstam, M., Wentz, E., & Lowe, M. R. (2017) · International Journal of Eating Disorders · doi:10.1002/eat.22718 · Cited by 16 · see citing works
Risk Factors That Predict Future Onset of Anorexia Nervosa, Bulimia Nervosa, Binge Eating Disorder, and Purging Disorder in Adolescent Girls
Yamamiya, Y., & Stice, E. M. (2023) · Behavior Therapy · doi:10.1016/j.beth.2023.10.002 · Cited by 45 · see citing works
Self-citation

Authors: Stice, E., Desjardins, C. D., Rohde, P., & Shaw, H.
Affiliations: Stanford Medicine (US)
Saint Michael's College (US)
Oregon Research Institute (US)
ORCID: Stice, Eric
Desjardins, Christopher David
Rohde, Paul
Shaw, Heather
Venue: Journal of Abnormal Psychology
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2021-05
Volume: 130
Issue: 4
Pages: 377-387
ISSN: 0021-843X (ISSN-L)
1939-1846
DOI: 10.1037/abn0000666
PMC: PMC8244173
OpenAlex: W3177337946
Cited by: 81
References: 32
Citations by year: 2026: 17 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 15 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 2
FWCI: 7.50
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Journal of Abnormal Psychology (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: National Institute of Mental Health (R01MH070699, R01MH086582, R01MH097720)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Eating Disorders and Behaviors
Health Sciences › Nursing › Nutrition and Dietetics › Nutrition, Health and Food Behavior
Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Child Nutrition and Feeding Issues
Keywords: anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, purging disorder, eating disorder onset, prodromal symptoms, fear of weight gain, body image concern, eating disorder prevention, young women, risk factors
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Anorexia Nervosa, Feeding and Eating Disorders, Body Image, Female, Forecasting, Humans, Risk Factors, Bulimia Nervosa, Young Adult, Binge-Eating Disorder, Prodromal Symptoms

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Sequencing of symptom emergence in anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, binge eating disorder, and purging disorder and relations of prodromal symptoms to future onset of these disorders.

Abstract

Integrity signals

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Self-check

Cites

Cited by

Related

Record

About these checks