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Cited by 63Mindfulness and Compassion InterventionsAnesthesia and Pain ManagementTotal Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes

To be mindful of the breath or pain: Comparing two brief preoperative mindfulness techniques for total joint arthroplasty patients

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Hanley, Adam W., Gililland, Jeremy, Garland, Eric L.·2021·Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
DOI 10.1037/ccp0000657PMC PMC8363593
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Abstract

OBJECTIVE: Total joint arthroplasty (TJA) often reduces pain and improves function, but it is also a risk factor for the development of chronic pain and postoperative opioid use. To protect against these untoward postsurgical outcomes, TJA patients need better, non-pharmacological pain management strategies. This study compared two, promising, mindfulness-based pain management techniques. METHOD: We conducted a single-site, three-arm, parallel-group randomized controlled study conducted at an orthopedic clinic among patients undergoing TJA of the knee or hip. TJA patients (N = 118, M age = 65, female = 73, Caucasian = 110) were randomized to either a preoperative mindfulness of breath (MoB), mindfulness of pain (MoP), or cognitive-behavioral pain psychoeducation (CB) intervention, approximately 3 weeks before surgery. Each intervention was delivered in a single, 20-min session during a 2-hr, preoperative education program. Change in pain intensity was the sole preoperative outcome. The postoperative outcomes, pain intensity, pain interference, and opioid use were assessed on the 2nd, 3rd, 7th, 14th, 21st, and 28th postoperative days. RESULTS: MoB was found to most effectively decrease preoperative pain scores, F(2, 89) = 5.28, p = .007, while MoP resulted in the least amount of postoperative pain intensity, F(8, 94) = 3.21, p = .003, and interference, F(8, 94) = 2.52, p = .016). Both MoB and MoP decreased postoperative opioid use relative to CB, F(8, 83) = 16.66, p < .001. CONCLUSION: A brief preoperative MBI may be able to prevent both postoperative pain and opioid use. Moreover, the MBIs used in this study are highly feasible, capable of being delivered by nearly any healthcare provider, and requiring minimal clinic time given their brevity. As such, embedding MBIs in surgical care pathways has considerable potential. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).

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  • Interpersonal mindfulness-based interventions conducted in group formats have shown positive outcomes, such as increased social connectedness and reductions in psychopathological symptoms.

    “Interpersonal MBIs conducted in group formats have also shown positive outcomes, such as increased social connectedness and reductions in psychopathological symptoms [37,38,39].”

    From 10-Week Trajectories of Candidate Psychological Processes Differentially Predict Mental Health Gains from Online Dyadic versus Mindfulness Interventions: A Randomized Clinical Trial (2024) · cites this paper as [37]

    The Methods > Interventions passage describes brief, single-session mindfulness techniques for managing surgical pain, and the Results > Path Model passage reports pain outcomes. Searches for interpersonal mindfulness, group-format delivery, social connectedness, and psychopathological symptoms found no passage addressing the attributed claim. The available passages have no page numbers. (LLM, conf=0.76)

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Research works printed but not linked: 3

  1. Garland EL (2013). Mindfulness-oriented recovery enhancement for addiction, stress, and pain. NASW Press, National Association of Social Workers.
  2. Holm S (1979). A simple sequentially rejective multiple test procedure. Scandinavian Journal of Statistics, 65– 70.
  3. Irvin R (2007). Information and communication technology (ICT) literacy: Integration and assessment in higher education. Journal of Systemics, Cybernetics and Informatics, 5(4), 50– 55.

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Authors
Hanley, A. W., Gililland, J., & Garland, E. L.
Affiliations
University of Utah (US)
ORCID
Venue
Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology
Publisher
American Psychological Association (APA)
Published
2021-07
Volume
89
Issue
7
Pages
590-600
ISSN
  • 0022-006X (ISSN-L)
  • 1939-2117
DOI
10.1037/ccp0000657
PMC
PMC8363593
OpenAlex
W3175471757
Cited by
63
References
48
Citations by year
2026: 7 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 6 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 5
FWCI
6.48
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
Locations
  • Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology (publishedVersion, other-oa)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders
  • Universty of Utah College of Social Work
  • National Institutes of Health (R01DA042033)
Topics
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Mindfulness and Compassion Interventions
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Anesthesia and Pain Management
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Surgery › Total Knee Arthroplasty Outcomes
Keywords
mindfulness-based interventions, total joint arthroplasty, preoperative analgesia, postoperative pain, opioid use, pain interference, knee arthroplasty, total hip arthroplasty, non-pharmacological pain management
MeSH terms
Aged, Analgesics, Opioid, Arthroplasty, Female, Humans, Male, Postoperative Pain, Preoperative Care, Psychotherapy, Brief, Mindfulness

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