Reliable and clinically significant change in the clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 and PTSD checklist for DSM-5 among male veterans

Marx, Brian P.; Lee, Daniel J.; Norman, Sonya B.; Bovin, Michelle J.; Sloan, Denise M.; Weathers, Frank W.; Keane, Terence M.; Schnurr, Paula P.

doi:10.1037/pas0001098

Cited by 199Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchPsychometric Methodologies and TestingAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

Reliable and clinically significant change in the clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 and PTSD checklist for DSM-5 among male veterans

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Marx, Brian P., Lee, Daniel J., Norman, Sonya B., Bovin, Michelle J., Sloan, Denise M., Weathers, Frank W., Keane, Terence M., Schnurr, Paula P.·2022·Psychological Assessment

DOI 10.1037/pas0001098PMC PMC9022599

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Abstract

= 228). For Sample 1, within-person change in CAPS-5 and PCL-5 scores of ≥ 13 and 15, respectively, was indicative of reliable change. For Sample 2, within-person change in CAPS-5 and PCL-5 scores of ≥ 12 and 18, respectively, was indicative of reliable change. Scores of ≤ 8 and 28 on the CAPS-5 and PCL-5, respectively, indicated a participant is more likely to belong to the non-PTSD population than the PTSD population (i.e., clinically significant change) in both Samples 1 and 2. Participants who exhibited reliable or CSC reported significantly better psychosocial functioning at all posttreatment assessments than those who did not. Results provide thresholds for identifying clinically meaningful PTSD symptom change using these measures. Care should be taken to interpret these values appropriately and relative to numerous other definitions for meaningful symptom change. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2022 APA, all rights reserved).

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70% of women experienced a clinically significant reduction in PTSD symptoms from pre- to post-intervention.
“The majority of women (70%) experienced a clinically significant reduction in PTSD symptoms [45] from pre- to post-intervention.”
From Written exposure therapy for treatment of perinatal PTSD among women with comorbid PTSD and SUD: A pilot study examining feasibility, acceptability, and preliminary effectiveness (2023) · cites this paper as [45]
The Results section reports clinically significant reductions in PTSD symptoms from pre- to posttreatment, supporting the use of that outcome. But the Method section says women were excluded from the analyses, and the Results report percentages for male veterans—not a 70% rate among women. No page numbers are available in our copy. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Clinically reliable change on the PCL-5 is 15-18, and an end-state score of ≤28 indicates clinically significant change.
“Clinically reliable change on this measure is 15–18, and an end-state score of ≤28 indicates clinically significant change (81).”
From Pilot outcomes and exploration of treatment mechanisms using a culturally adapted version of the unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders to improve mental health symptoms, alcohol misuse, functional outcomes, and sleep quality in emergency responders (2025) · cites this paper as [81]
The change in PCL-5 scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment (22.2 points) and follow-up (23.6 points) exceeded guidelines for determining clinically reliable change.
“The change in PCL-5 scores from pre-treatment to post-treatment (22.2 points) and follow-up (23.6 points) exceeded guidelines for determining clinically reliable change (81).”
From Pilot outcomes and exploration of treatment mechanisms using a culturally adapted version of the unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders to improve mental health symptoms, alcohol misuse, functional outcomes, and sleep quality in emergency responders (2025) · cites this paper as [81]
The changes in PCL-5 scores at post-treatment (40.3 points) and follow-up (44.1 points) exceeded guidelines for clinically reliable change for those who screened positive for PTSD at pre-treatment.
“The changes in PCL-5 scores at post-treatment (40.3 points) and follow-up (44.1 points) exceeded guidelines for clinically reliable change.”
From Pilot outcomes and exploration of treatment mechanisms using a culturally adapted version of the unified protocol for transdiagnostic treatment of emotional disorders to improve mental health symptoms, alcohol misuse, functional outcomes, and sleep quality in emergency responders (2025) · cites this paper as [81]

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Authors: Marx, B. P., Lee, D. J., Norman, S. B., Bovin, M. J., Sloan, D. M., Weathers, F. W., Keane, T. M., & Schnurr, P. P.
Affiliations: National Center for PTSD (US)
ORCID: Marx, Brian P.
Lee, Daniel J.
Norman, Sonya B.
Bovin, Michelle J.
Sloan, Denise M.
Weathers, Frank W.
Keane, Terence M.
Schnurr, Paula P.
Venue: Psychological Assessment
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2022-02
Volume: 34
Issue: 2
Pages: 197-203
ISSN: 1040-3590 (ISSN-L)
1939-134X
DOI: 10.1037/pas0001098
PMC: PMC9022599
OpenAlex: W4200389603
Cited by: 199
References: 10
Citations by year: 2026: 51 · 2025: 45 · 2024: 44 · 2023: 41 · 2022: 17 · 2021: 1
FWCI: 17.56
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: hybrid
doi.org
Licence: other-oa
www.apa.org/pubs/journals/resources/open-access.aspx (am, 325 d)
Locations: Psychological Assessment (publishedVersion, other-oa)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
eScholarship (California Digital Library) (submittedVersion)
Funders: US Department of Veterans Affairs (I01 CX000467, 1I01CX000756, I01 HX001876-01A2)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Decision Sciences › Management Science and Operations Research › Psychometric Methodologies and Testing
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: post-traumatic stress disorder, PCL-5, reliable change, clinically significant change, within-person change, male veterans, psychosocial functioning, PTSD treatment outcomes
MeSH terms: Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Male, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Veterans, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Checklist

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Reliable and clinically significant change in the clinician-administered PTSD scale for DSM-5 and PTSD checklist for DSM-5 among male veterans

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