The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM–5 (CAPS-5): Development and initial psychometric evaluation in military veterans.

Weathers, Frank W.; Bovin, Michelle J.; Lee, Daniel J.; Sloan, Denise M.; Schnurr, Paula P.; Kaloupek, Danny G.; Keane, Terence M.; Marx, Brian P.

doi:10.1037/pas0000486

Cited by 1,799Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ResearchAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive ProcessesSleep and related disorders

The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM–5 (CAPS-5): Development and initial psychometric evaluation in military veterans.

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Weathers, Frank W., Bovin, Michelle J., Lee, Daniel J., Sloan, Denise M., Schnurr, Paula P., Kaloupek, Danny G., Keane, Terence M., Marx, Brian P.·2018·Psychological Assessment

DOI 10.1037/pas0000486PMC PMC5805662

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Abstract

The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale (CAPS) is an extensively validated and widely used structured diagnostic interview for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). The CAPS was recently revised to correspond with PTSD criteria in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5; American Psychiatric Association, 2013). This article describes the development of the CAPS for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) and presents the results of an initial psychometric evaluation of CAPS-5 scores in 2 samples of military veterans (Ns = 165 and 207). CAPS-5 diagnosis demonstrated strong interrater reliability (к = .78 to 1.00, depending on the scoring rule) and test-retest reliability (к = .83), as well as strong correspondence with a diagnosis based on the CAPS for DSM-IV (CAPS-IV; к = .84 when optimally calibrated). CAPS-5 total severity score demonstrated high internal consistency (α = .88) and interrater reliability (ICC = .91) and good test-retest reliability (ICC = .78). It also demonstrated good convergent validity with total severity score on the CAPS-IV (r = .83) and PTSD Checklist for DSM-5 (r = .66) and good discriminant validity with measures of anxiety, depression, somatization, functional impairment, psychopathy, and alcohol abuse (rs = .02 to .54). Overall, these results indicate that the CAPS-5 is a psychometrically sound measure of DSM-5 PTSD diagnosis and symptom severity. Importantly, the CAPS-5 strongly corresponds with the CAPS-IV, which suggests that backward compatibility with the CAPS-IV was maintained and that the CAPS-5 provides continuity in evidence-based assessment of PTSD in the transition from DSM-IV to DSM-5 criteria. (PsycINFO Database Record

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The CAPS-5 is the most widely used symptom severity measure for PTSD and comprises 30 items assessing symptom severity over the previous week.
“The most widely used symptom severity measure is the CAPS-5 60 , which comprises 30 items assessing symptom severity over the previous week.”
From The clinical characterization of the adult patient with an anxiety or related disorder aimed at personalization of management (2021) · cites this paper as [60]
The Abstract describes the CAPS as widely used and the CAPS-5 as a measure of PTSD symptom severity, but does not establish that the CAPS-5 is the most widely used measure. The Results (Internal consistency; page unavailable) discuss 20 symptom items, not 30 symptom-severity items. The scoring description uses monthly frequency thresholds; it does not support the claimed previous-week assessment period. (LLM, conf=0.86)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The Clinically Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 has interrater reliability K=0.78-1.0 (high) and discriminant validity rs=0.02-0.54 (moderate).
“Interrater reliability K=0.78-1.0 (high) discriminant validity: rs=0.02−0.54 (moderate) [100]”
From Frontal Pole Neuromodulation for Impulsivity and Suicidality in Veterans With Mild Traumatic Brain Injury and Common Co-Occurring Mental Health Conditions: Protocol for a Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial (2024) · cites this paper as [100]
The Results sections on interrater reliability and convergent and discriminant validity report the stated CAPS-5 ranges: κ = .78 to 1.0 and rs = .02 to .54. However, the paper calls correlations of .33 to .54 moderate and those of .02 and .18 weak, so describing the entire discriminant-validity range as moderate overstates the finding. (LLM, conf=0.88)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The PCL-5 has demonstrated strong psychometric performance in civilian and veteran samples.
“the PtsD checklist for DsM-5 (Pcl-5) was used to quantify overall posttraumatic symptom burden and symptom-cluster scores for cluster B (intrusion), cluster c (avoidance), cluster D (negative alterations in cognition and mood), and cluster e (hyperarousal/reactivity); the Pcl-5 has demonstrated strong psychometric performance in civilian and veteran samples (Blevins et al. 2015;Bovin et al. 2016;W”
From Feasibility, tolerability, and preliminary effectiveness of an accelerated bilateral intermittent theta-burst stimulation protocol in adults with posttraumatic stress disorder and comorbid depressive disorder following mild traumatic brain injury (2026) · cites this paper as Weathers et al. 2018
The Method (Measures: Sample 1; page not available) says PCL-5 scores have excellent psychometric properties and reports an internal-consistency alpha of .93. The Results (Convergent and discriminant validity) also report a strong correlation with CAPS-5 in the veteran sample. Our copy does not explicitly establish psychometric performance in civilian samples; its separate discussion of the PCL-C is not evidence for that part of the PCL-5 claim. (LLM, conf=0.85)
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
The PCL-5 is a 20-item self-report questionnaire that assesses the presence and severity of PTSD symptoms.
“The PCL-5 [54] is a 20-item self-report questionnaire that assesses the presence and severity of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms.”
From Feasibility, acceptability, and initial outcomes of a psychological adjustment and reintegration program for transitioned military veterans (2024) · cites this paper as [54]

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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder
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Acceptability of internet-based cognitive behavioural therapy (i-CBT) for post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): A systematic review
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“Primary measures of interest were: 1) standardised measure(s) of acceptability, self-reported or clinician-administered, at any time point; 2) non-uptake rate, defined as percentage of individuals offered but not taking treatment; 3) dropout or lost to follow-up rate from baseline and prior to treatment completion, as…”
MethodInfluential
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The association of traumatic events and posttraumatic stress disorder with greater eating disorder and comorbid symptom severity in residential eating disorder treatment centers
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Validation of Abbreviated Four‐ and Eight‐Item Versions of the PTSD Checklist for DSM‐5 in a Traumatically Injured Sample
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Distress tolerance and posttraumatic stress disorder: a systematic review and meta-analysis
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The clinical characterization of the adult patient with an anxiety or related disorder aimed at personalization of management
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Post-traumatic Stress Disorder in Older U.S. Military Veterans: Prevalence, Characteristics, and Psychiatric and Functional Burden
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Trauma-sensitive yoga for post-traumatic stress disorder in women veterans who experienced military sexual trauma: interim results from a randomized controlled trial
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Interactive Motion-Assisted Exposure Therapy for Veterans with Treatment-Resistant Posttraumatic Stress Disorder: A Randomized Controlled Trial
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Results of the first randomized controlled trial of integrated cognitive-behavioral therapy for eating disorders and posttraumatic stress disorder
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Bidirectional relationship of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptom severity and alcohol use over the course of integrated treatment.
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Massed vs Intensive Outpatient Prolonged Exposure for Combat-Related Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
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Self-citation

Authors: Weathers, F. W., Bovin, M. J., Lee, D. J., Sloan, D. M., Schnurr, P. P., Kaloupek, D. G., Keane, T. M., & Marx, B. P.
Affiliations: Auburn University (US)
VA Boston Healthcare System (US)
ORCID: Weathers, Frank W.
Bovin, Michelle J.
Lee, Daniel J.
Sloan, Denise M.
Schnurr, Paula P.
Kaloupek, Danny G.
Keane, Terence M.
Marx, Brian P.
Venue: Psychological Assessment
Publisher: American Psychological Association (APA)
Published: 2018-03
Volume: 30
Issue: 3
Pages: 383-395
ISSN: 1040-3590 (ISSN-L)
1939-134X
DOI: 10.1037/pas0000486
PMC: PMC5805662
OpenAlex: W2612417324
Cited by: 1,799
References: 42
Citations by year: 2026: 228 · 2025: 275 · 2024: 236 · 2023: 235 · 2022: 232 · 2021: 229 · 2020: 191 · 2019: 102 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 2 · 2015: 4 · 2013: 1
FWCI: 119.73
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
Locations: Psychological Assessment (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
Funders: U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (I01CX000467)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Clinical Psychology › Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Research
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Sleep and related disorders
Keywords: CAPS-5, post-traumatic stress disorder, DSM-5 PTSD criteria, military veterans, diagnostic interview, inter-rater reliability, test-retest reliability, convergent validity, discriminant validity, PTSD symptom severity
MeSH terms: Adult, Aged, Female, Humans, Interviews as Topic, Male, Middle Aged, Psychiatric Status Rating Scales, Psychometrics, Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic, Veterans, Reproducibility of Results, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Veterans Health

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The Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM–5 (CAPS-5): Development and initial psychometric evaluation in military veterans.

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