Role of paternal and maternal genomes in mouse development
Abstract
There has been much speculation on whether mammalian eggs with two male pronuclei can develop normally. Eggs with two female pronuclei can sometimes develop as far as the 25-somite stage but with only very meagre extraembryonic tissues. We suggested that the genome undergoes specific imprinting during gametogenesis and that some paternal genes may be necessary for normal development of the extraembryonic tissues, in which only the maternal X chromosome remains active. However, the need for the maternal genome for development to term is not yet unequivocally established. The detailed study described here demonstrates that while between 40 and 50% of heterozygous reconstituted eggs with a male and a female pronucleus develop to term, none of the eggs with two male pronuclei does so. Furthermore, embryos in the latter case are very retarded, even though the trophoblast develops relatively well compared with embryos having two female pronuclei. Our combined results indicate that while the paternal genome is essential for the normal development of extraembryonic tissues, the maternal genome may be essential for some stages of embryogenesis.
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This drive is mediated partly through the expression of imprinted genes that are expressed from paternal alleles and promote growth of the placental tissues.
“This drive is mediated partly through the expression of imprinted genes that are expressed from paternal alleles and promote growth of the placental tissues (42).”
From Placental Origins of Chronic Disease (2016) · cites this paper as [42]
Cites
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- Authors
- Barton, S. C., Surani, M. A. H., & Norris, M. L.
- ORCID
- Surani, M. A. H.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 1984-09
- Volume
- 311
- Issue
- 5984
- Pages
- 374-376
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2005942028
- Cited by
- 724
- References
- 23
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 13 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 19 · 2020: 14 · 2019: 16 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 15 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 17 · 2014: 26 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 22
- FWCI
- 10.91
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Syndromes and Imprinting
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Developmental Biology and Gene Regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Reproductive Biology and Fertility
- Keywords
- genomic imprinting, paternal genome, maternal genome, extraembryonic tissues, trophoblast, embryonic development, mouse embryo development, X chromosome inactivation, gametogenesis
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Cell Nucleus, Crosses, Genetic, Female, Genes, Male, Mice, Inbred Strains, Ovum, Embryo Implantation, Pregnancy, Sex Characteristics, Mice
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