Cited by 927Neural and Behavioral Psychology StudiesMemory and Neural MechanismsAnxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes

The DOI matches its Crossref record; 143 of the 143 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.

Neuropsychology of fear and loathing

Calder, Andrew J., Lawrence, Andrew D., Young, Andrew W.·2001·Nature reviews. Neuroscience

DOI 10.1038/35072584

Open this paper in CoChat — free account

Abstract

For over 60 years, ideas about emotion in neuroscience and psychology have been dominated by a debate on whether emotion can be encompassed within a single, unifying model. In neuroscience, this approach is epitomized by the limbic system theory and, in psychology, by dimensional models of emotion. Comparative research has gradually eroded the limbic model, and some scientists have proposed that certain individual emotions are represented separately in the brain. Evidence from humans consistent with this approach has recently been obtained by studies indicating that signals of fear and disgust are processed by distinct neural substrates. We review this research and its implications for theories of emotion.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/35072584

Cites

143 of 143 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

A circumplex model of affect.
Russell, J. A. (1980) · Journal of Personality and Social Psychology · doi:10.1037/h0077714 · Cited by 16,334
An argument for basic emotions
Ekman, P. (1992) · Cognition and Emotion · doi:10.1080/02699939208411068 · Cited by 9,646
Emotion circuits in the brain
LeDoux, J. E. (2000) · Annual Review of Neuroscience · doi:10.1146/annurev.neuro.23.1.155 · Cited by 8,444
The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale: I. Development, Use, and Reliability
Goodman, W. K. (1989) · Archives of General Psychiatry · doi:10.1001/archpsyc.1989.01810110048007 · Cited by 7,712
Affective Neuroscience: The Foundations of Human and Animal Emotions
Panksepp, J. (1998) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780195096736.001.0001 · Cited by 4,428
Untitled work
(1998) · Cited by 4,012
The psychology of fear and stress
(1988) · Choice Reviews Online · doi:10.5860/choice.26-2399 · Cited by 3,133
Stereotaxic Display of Brain Lesions
Rorden, C., & Brett, M. (2000) · Behavioural Neurology · doi:10.1155/2000/421719 · Cited by 2,573
Impaired recognition of emotion in facial expressions following bilateral damage to the human amygdala
Adolphs, R., Tranel, D., Damasio, H., & Damasio, A. (1994) · Nature · doi:10.1038/372669a0 · Cited by 2,360
The Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale: measures of internal consistency.
Kim, S.-W., Dysken, M., Pheley, A., & Hoover, K. M. (1994) · Psychiatry Research · doi:10.1016/0165-1781(94)90039-6 · Cited by 2,333

Flagged first, then by citations

Show all 141 references

Research works printed but not linked: 9

Aggleton, J. P. in The Amygdala (ed. Aggleton, J. P.) 485– 504 (Wiley-Liss, New York, 1992).
Aggleton, J. P. The Amygdala (Wiley-Liss, New York, 1992).
Rolls, E. T. in The Amygdala (ed. Aggleton, J. P.) (Wiley-Liss, New York, 1992).
Amaral, D. G., Price, D. L., Pitkanen, A. & Carmichael, S. T. in The Amygdala (ed. Aggleton, J. P.) 1– 66 (Wiley-Liss, New York, 1992).Review of the research addressing the anatomical organization of the primate amygdaloid complex.
Davis, M. in The Amygdala (ed. Aggleton, J. P.) 255–306 (Wiley-Liss, New York, 1992).
Halgren, E. in The Amygdala (ed. Aggleton, J. P.) 191–228 (Wiley-Liss, New York/Chichester, 1992).
Ono, T. & Nishijo, H. in The Amygdala (ed. Aggleton, J. P.) 167–190 (Wiley-Liss, New York, 1992).
Lange, H. W. Quantitative changes of the telencephalon, diencephalon, and mesencephalon in Huntington's chorea, postcencephalitic, and idiopahthic Parkinsonism. Verh. Anat. Ges. (Jena) 75, 923–925 (1981).
Ekman, P. & Davidson, R. J. The Nature of Emotion Vol. 1, 7–47 (Oxford Univ. Press, New York, 1994).

Sorted by citations

Items 801–900 of 926

Relationship of emotion and cognition to wandering behaviors of people with dementia
Lee, K. H. (2011) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan)
Emotieherkenning bij mensen met psychopathische karakteristieken.
de Groot, G. (2007)
Brain Imaging and Psycho-pathological Studies on Self-regulation of Emotion
Chakraborty, A., & Konar, A. (2009) · Studies in computational intelligence · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-68609-5_4 · Cited by 1
Psycho corporal therapy (aka mind-body therapy). From retrospectives to theoretical applications
Ghédighian-Courier, J.-J. (2011) · Sexologies · doi:10.1016/j.sexol.2010.11.001
Traitement cérébral de l’expression faciale de peur : vision périphérique et effet de l’attention
Bayle, D. J. (2009) · HAL · doi:10.13140/rg.2.1.4879.1440
Précis of “Why Think?” Evolution and the Rational Mind
de Sousa, R. (2008) · The American Journal of Bioethics · doi:10.1080/15265160802179986
Participação do complexo amigdalóide na resposta de congelamento em ratos geneticamente selecionados
Gomes, V. D. C. (2008) · Psicologia Clínica · doi:10.1590/s0103-56652008000100017
LeDoux's Fear Circuit and the Status of Emotion as a Non-cognitive Process
Johnson, G. (2008) · Philosophical Psychology · doi:10.1080/09515080802516949
Psycho Corporel. Entre rétrospective et propositions théoriques
Ghédighian-Courier, J.-J. (2011) · Sexologies · doi:10.1016/j.sexol.2010.11.003
Emotionaalisten kasvonilmeiden tarttuminen autismissa
Eloranta, S. J. (2007) · Tampere University Institutional Repository (Tampere University)
PROCESSING OF SMOKING AND MONETARY REWARDS AMONG CHRONIC SMOKERS: CHARACTERIZATION OF NEURAL RESPONSE, MODERATION BY ABSTINENCE, AND ASSOCIATION WITH SMOKING OUTCOMES
Sweitzer, M. M. (2013) · D-Scholarship@Pitt (University of Pittsburgh)
An electrophysiological study of affective prosody processing
Sramko, V. (2007) · Summit (Simon Fraser University)
Psychobiological correlates of distress in pregnancy
Roos, A. (2011) · SUNScholar (Stellenbosch University)
Effect of mindfulness meditation on the neural substrates of emotion processing and resting state in experienced and beginner meditators
Taylor, V. A. (2011) · Papyrus : Institutional Repository (Université de Montréal) · doi:10.71781/19025
The Process Mechanism of Anger——From Valence to Motivation
荆, 秀. (2012) · Advances in Psychology · doi:10.12677/ap.2012.23022
Affect in Epistemology: Relationality and Feminist Agency in Critical Discourse, Neuroscience, and Novels by Bambara, Morrison, and Silko.
Ahern, M. K. (2012) · Deep Blue (University of Michigan)
The role of faces in item-method directed forgetting
Quinlan, C. K. (2011) · PsycEXTRA Dataset · doi:10.1037/e520602012-764
Thestudyofemotionandtheinteraction betweenemotionandcognition: methodologicalperspectives
Savage, K. R., Gates, N. A., Dumer, A. I., Assuras, S., Halfacre, M. M., & Borod, J. C. (2009)
MÉMOIRE DE RECHERCHE : « Reconnaissance d'émotions évoquées par les visages et la musique, en association avec ses marqueurs somatiques, chez les personnes âgées sans trouble cognitif. »
Matter, S. (2011)
SHORT COMMUNICATION Variations in the human cannabinoid receptor (CNR1) gene modulate striatal responses to happy faces
Chakrabarti, B., Kent, L., John Suckling, A., Bullmore, E. T., & Baron‐Cohen, S. (2015)
The importance of static and dynamic signs of non-verbal communication with central nervous system of impaired children during the kinesitherapy treatment
Jelica, S., Kapac, V., Bujišić, G., Babić, S., Jacić, M., & Gogić, D. (2013)
The allocation of attentional resources across the visual field: Impact of eccentricity and perceptual load
Morawetz, C. (2008) · eDiss (Georg-August-Universität Göttingen) · doi:10.53846/goediss-1322
The role of consciousness in language growth
Smith, M. S., & Truscott, J. (1920) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139644044.012
The growth of a second language
Smith, M. S., & Truscott, J. (1920) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139644044.010
Multilevel Latent Class Analysis for the identification of preschool-aged children's internal representation typologies and early parenting predictors in a low-income sample
Martoccio, T. L. (2014) · Michigan State University Libraries · doi:10.25335/m5cm5k
Autismo: Inclusión e Intervención Educativa
Ruiz-Fuster, M. (2015) · Deposito Adademico Digital Universidad De Navarra (University of Navarra)
Neuroeconomia i empresa: quan la presa de decisions no és racional
Fiego, J. B. (2014) · Repositori digital de la UPF (Universitat Pompeu Fabra)
Neural bases of the non-conscious perception of emotional signals
Severo, V. S. (2010)
Neurocognitive Model of Delusion: Two-Factor Theory
Kwak, Y. T. (2016) · Journal of the Korean Neurological Association · doi:10.17340/jkna.2016.1.1
Strong versus Weak Adaptationism in Cognition and Language
Atran, S. (2005) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179675.003.0009
Beyond the language module
Smith, M. S., & Truscott, J. (1920) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139644044.007
Bases théoriques et méthodologiques de la thérapie centrée sur les émotions
Kramer, U., & Ragama, E. (2015) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-74146-3.00002-0
Emotion and Delusion: Seeking common ground between neuroscience and psychotherapies
Turnbull, O., & Lovett, V. E. (2012) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/med/9780199600526.003.0011 · Cited by 1
The language module: architecture and representations
Smith, M. S., & Truscott, J. (1920) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139644044.004
Growth of the language module: acquisition byprocessing
Smith, M. S., & Truscott, J. (1920) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139644044.006
Processing in the language module
Smith, M. S., & Truscott, J. (1920) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139644044.005
Avaliação da influência de emoções na tomada de decisão de sistemas computacionais.
Gracioso, A. C. N. D. R. (2016) · Digital Library of Theses and Dissertations (Universidade de São Paulo) · doi:10.11606/t.3.2016.tde-28062016-085426
Mechanisms of the Aging-Related Positivity Effect in Memory and Attention
Tomaszczyk, J. C. (2012) · UWSpace (University of Waterloo)
A pilot study to assess the usability of a novel psychotherapeutic interactive gaming application as a tool to measure facial emotion recognition in patients with schizophrenia
Gonzalez, R. (2016) · UPCommons institutional repository (Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya) · doi:10.5821/dissertation-2117-96243
Emotional eyes: From sensory evolution to social exaptation
Lee, D. H.-J. (2015) · TSpace (University of Toronto)
The Role of Serotonin Availability in the Rat Insular Cortex on Conditioned Disgust and Conditioned Taste Avoidance
Tuerke, K. J. (2013) · The Atrium (University of Guelph)
Facial expression aftereffect and its association with autistic traits in obscured faces
Luo, C. (2017) · DR-NTU (Nanyang Technological University) · doi:10.32657/10356/71113
Impact of the Serotonin Transporter Polymorphism on Emotion Identification in Healthy Older Adults
Scott, S. E. (2014) · IRL - University of Missouri, St. Louis (University of Missouri–St. Louis)
Correlatos estructurales de las alteraciones cognitivas en niños con TEA
García, F. C. (2017) · Tesis Doctorals en Xarxa (Consorci de Serveis Universitaris de Catalunya) · doi:10.6035/14023.2017.146230
The effects of multiple forms of disgust exposure on the processing of emotional photographic images
Hartigan, A. (2017) · Birkbeck Institutional Research Online (BiRO) - Theses · doi:10.18743/pub.00040297
A Differential Pattern of Neural Response toward Happy versus Disgust Facial Expressions in Major Depressive Disorder：A fMRI Study
최강, 이병택, Seok, J., 전덕인, 홍현주, Lee, B., 한창환, Choi, I.-G., Chae, J., & Ham, B. (2006) · Mood and Emotion
Human emotional state recognition using 3D facial expression features
Tie, Y. (2021) · doi:10.32920/ryerson.14646201.v1
Multiscale Genomic Analysis of the Corticolimbic System: Uncovering the Molecular and Anatomic Substrates of Anxiety-Related Behavior
Mozhui, K. (2009) · doi:10.21007/etd.cghs.2009.0219
Emotional reactivity and neuropsychological assessment in ten cases of ablated temporal lobe tumors
Ciuffini, R., Rossetti, M. C., Marrelli, A., Napoleoni, L., Varrassi, M., Marini, C., Splendiani, A., Rossi, R., & Stratta, P. (2019) · Neurology Psychiatry and Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.npbr.2019.08.004
Statistical Pattern Recognition Reveals Shared Neural Signatures for Displaying and Recognizing Specific Facial ExpressionsPreprint
Volynets, S., Smirnov, D., Saarimäki, H., & Nummenmaa, L. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2019.12.15.873737
Emotion und Gehirn. An der Schnittstelle zwischen affektiver und kognitiver Neurowissenschaft
Morawetz, C., & Heekeren, H. R. (2019) · J.B. Metzler eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-476-05353-4_11
Anxiety symptoms and precautionary behaviour across the menstrual cycle: the role of hormones
Fawcett, E. J. (2015) · Knowledge Commons (Lakehead University)
Towards a model of human body perception
Gandolfo, M. (2020) · Radboud Repository (Radboud University)
Social Neuroscience in Global Mental Health
Kohrt, B. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108695374.024 · Cited by 1
Literary Analysis and Weak Theories
Moses, O. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108695374.022
Experience-Dependent Plasticity in the Hippocampus
West, G. L., & Bohbot, V. D. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108695374.019
On the fragility of third-party punishment: The context effect of a dominated risky investment option
Im, C., & Lee, J. (2022) · Journal of Behavioral and Experimental Economics · doi:10.1016/j.socec.2022.101872
The fearful face and beyond: fMRI studies of the human amygdala
Hardee, J. E. (2009) · doi:10.33915/etd.2933
Altered effective connectivity from the posterior insula to the amygdala mediates the relationship between psychopathic traits and concern with the Harm foundationPreprint
Ye, S., Li, W., Zhu, B. D., Lv, Y., Yang, Q., & Krüeger, F. (2021) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2021.06.21.449236
Dog breed perceived aggressiveness versus expressed emotions as interrupters of human cognitive performance
Mangano, S. (2021) · ThinkTech (Texas Tech University)
Involuntary responses to facial cues as an indicator of personality type across age and culture
Kannan, C. (2021) · Cronfa (Swansea University) · doi:10.23889/suthesis.58265
Kultura strachu
Puppel, S., & Puppel, J. (2021) · Scripta Neophilologica Posnaniensia · doi:10.14746/snp.2021.21.08
Faculty Opinions recommendation of Symbolic representations in motor sequence learning.
Hallett, M., & Ellenstein, A. (2010) · Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature · doi:10.3410/f.5423961.5382059
How Social Coordination and Cooperation are Achieved
Kirmayer, L. J., Worthman, C. M., Kitayama, S., Lemelson, R., & Cummings, C. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108695374.013
Introduction
Smith, M. S., & Truscott, J. (1920) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/cbo9781139644044.002
Disgust Proneness
Knowles, K. A., & Olatunji, B. O. (2018) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108140416.007
Literaturverzeichnis
(2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-3-437-22851-3.50032-3
Preface
Kirmayer, L. J., Worthman, C. M., Kitayama, S., Lemelson, R., & Cummings, C. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108695374.001
The Co-emergence of Culture, Mind, and Brain
Kirmayer, L. J., Worthman, C. M., Kitayama, S., Lemelson, R., & Cummings, C. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108695374.004
The Situated Brain
Kirmayer, L. J., Worthman, C. M., Kitayama, S., Lemelson, R., & Cummings, C. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108695374.008
Applications
(2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108695374.017
Psychopathologie et neurosciences
Campanella, S., & Streel, E. (2008) · Neurosciences & cognition. Série LMD · doi:10.3917/dbu.campa.2008.01.0315
Choral singing and emotional communication in people with Parkinson’s disease
Vezer, E. (2021) · doi:10.32920/ryerson.14660964
¿Estrellas o constelaciones? Implicaciones de los estudios cognitivos para el modelo dimensional de la emoción
Rosa, A. O. L., Arango-Tobón, O. E., & Martí, J. J. (2016) · Escritos de Psicología / Psychological Writings · doi:10.24310/espsiescpsi.v9i2.13206 · Cited by 1
Sexualphysiologie
Ahrendt, H.-J., & Friedrich, C. (2012) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-642-20923-9_56
Bases théoriques et méthodologiques de la thérapie centrée sur les émotions
Kramer, U., Ragama, E., Gingras, N., Pascual‐Leone, A., Schiffmann, D., Meneses, C. W., Greenberg, L. S., & Lane, R. D. (2020) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-2-294-76947-4.00002-0
Estudio de los correlatos neurales de la percepción emocional por análisis de patrones en multitud de voxelesPreprint
David, I. (2021) · Thesis Commons (OSF Preprints) · doi:10.31237/osf.io/9wsbz
Index
Kirmayer, L. J., Worthman, C. M., Kitayama, S., Lemelson, R., & Cummings, C. A. (2020) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781108695374.029
Emozioak erregulatzea
Oiharbide, M. H., Balluerka, N., & Manterola, A. G. (2016) · Gogoa · doi:10.1387/gogoa.15638
Degenerative Erkrankungen des Frontalhirns, delinquentes Verhalten und Theory of Mind
Diehl‐Schmid, J. (2007) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-540-27241-0_28
Choral singing and emotional communication in people with Parkinson’s disease
Vezer, E. (2021) · doi:10.32920/ryerson.14660964.v1
A Meta-Analysis of fMRI Studies on Emotion Processing in Major Depressive Disorder
Morocco, M. (2020) · doi:10.31979/etd.jdd2-m4k3
Preface
(2005) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179675.002.0001
Copyright Page
(2005) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179675.001.0001.002.003
List of Contributors
(2005) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195179675.001.0001.002.005
The Functional Implication of the Amygdala in Relation to Fear
Querétaro, U. A., Aboytes, V. H. H., Zarazúa, M. J. A., Querétaro, U. A., Valerio, L. V. S., Querétaro, U. A., Tapia, C. P. R., & Universidad del Valle de México, C. Q. (2022) · International Journal of Medical Science and Clinical Research Studies · doi:10.47191/ijmscrs/v2-i11-20
Limbic Structures
Uysal, S. (2023) · doi:10.1093/oso/9780190943608.003.0012
Expressions of Sorrow: Nonverbal Forms of Communication
Jeremiah, M. A. (2017) · Popular Culture Review · doi:10.1002/j.2831-865x.2017.tb00333.x
Understanding Emotions: The Received View
Misra, I., Gautam, S., & Kumar, A. (2024) · International and cultural psychology/International and cultural psychology series · doi:10.1007/978-3-031-46349-5_2
A Damasian Philosophy of Biology?
Sanz, V. C., & Rico, R. G. (2024) · Contrastes Revista Internacional de Filosofía · doi:10.24310/contrastes.29.3.2024.20226
Taste priming shapes online moral judgment: implications for cyberspace governance
Huang, X., Zang, S., Wang, J., Zheng, Y., Bai, Z., & Huang, J. (2025) · Frontiers in Psychology · doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2025.1495798
Introduction
de Gelder, B. (2016) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195374346.002.0004
Dedication
(2016) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195374346.002.0006
Copyright Page
(2016) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/acprof:oso/9780195374346.002.0010
The influence of emotion on attention : examining the processing of negative and positive emotion words in the dot probe task
Sutton, T. M. (2010) · doi:10.54014/bhyh-zmsv
Kognitív érzelemszabályozási stratégiák kapcsolata az érzelemregulációs hálózat működésével: fMRI-kutatás
Deák, A., Rendes, R., Orsi, G., Perlaki, G., Inhóf, O., & Bereczkei, T. (2025) · Magyar Pszichológiai Szemle · doi:10.1556/0016.2025.00135
Measuring Emotional Processes
Armony, J., & Vuilleumier, P. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009342919.005
Theoretical Models of Emotion
Armony, J. L., & Vuilleumier, P. O. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009342919.002
Neuropsychology and Lesion Models
Ciaramelli, E., & di Pellegrino, G. (2025) · Cambridge University Press eBooks · doi:10.1017/9781009342919.006
Emotion recognition in patients with temporal and frontal lobe epilepsy and its relationship with perceived social functioning
Lalatović, S., Krstić, N. S., Milovanović, M., Čvorović, Đ., & Parojčić, A. (2026) · Applied Neuropsychology Adult · doi:10.1080/23279095.2026.2624602

Authors: Calder, A. J., Lawrence, A. D., & Young, A. W.
Affiliations: MRC Cognition and Brain Sciences Unit (GB)
University of York (GB)
ORCID: Lawrence, Andrew D.
Young, Andrew W.
Venue: Nature reviews. Neuroscience
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2001-05
Volume: 2
Issue: 5
Pages: 352-363
ISSN: 1471-003X (ISSN-L)
1471-0048
DOI: 10.1038/35072584
OpenAlex: W2126334133
Cited by: 927
References: 141
Citations by year: 2026: 7 · 2025: 15 · 2024: 12 · 2023: 13 · 2022: 14 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 56 · 2019: 28 · 2018: 28 · 2017: 33 · 2016: 32 · 2015: 37 · 2014: 35 · 2013: 45 · 2012: 47
FWCI: 2.75
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: closed
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature reviews. Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
White Rose Research Online (University of Leeds, The University of Sheffield, University of York) (submittedVersion)
Topics: Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Neural and Behavioral Psychology Studies
Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Memory and Neural Mechanisms
Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Anxiety, Depression, Psychometrics, Treatment, Cognitive Processes
Keywords: emotions, fear, disgust, neural correlates, emotion theory, individual emotions
MeSH terms: Amygdala, Animals, Brain Mapping, Cerebral Cortex, Corpus Striatum, Fear, Hate, Humans, Pattern Recognition, Visual

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review

Neuropsychology of fear and loathing

Abstract

Overview

Integrity signals

Verification

Claims the paper makes

Claims other papers make about this one

Citations

Cites

Cited by

Related

Metadata

Record

About these checks