The DOI matches its Crossref record; 73 of the 73 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Molecular mechanisms of nociception
Abstract
The sensation of pain alerts us to real or impending injury and triggers appropriate protective responses. Unfortunately, pain often outlives its usefulness as a warning system and instead becomes chronic and debilitating. This transition to a chronic phase involves changes within the spinal cord and brain, but there is also remarkable modulation where pain messages are initiated - at the level of the primary sensory neuron. Efforts to determine how these neurons detect pain-producing stimuli of a thermal, mechanical or chemical nature have revealed new signalling mechanisms and brought us closer to understanding the molecular events that facilitate transitions from acute to persistent pain.
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“Therefore, it is possible that a ZnIUD would cause users less pain and bleeding compared to the CuIUD, due to the absence of localised inflammation (24,25).”
From Zinc as a non-hormonal contraceptive: a better alternative to the copper intrauterine device (IUD) (2022) · cites this paper as [24]
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Beneficial properties of maraviroc on neuropathic pain development and opioid effectiveness in rats
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“and inflammatory processes regulation, targeting chemokine signaling pathways is an attractive novel approach for neuropathic pain treatment (Abbadie et al., 2009; Gao and Ji, 2010; Julius and Basbaum, 2001; Woolf and Salter, 2000).”
Yang, F., Xu, Q., Shu, B., Tiwari, V., He, S.-Q., Vera–Portocarrero, L. P., Dong, X., Linderoth, B., Raja, S. N., Wang, Y., et al. (2016) · Pain · doi:10.1097/j.pain.0000000000000680 · Cited by 71
“neurons (mostly C fibers) principally terminate in the superficial dorsal horn.(9,29,56) Yet, little is known about how repetitive”
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Zieglgänsberger, W., Berthele, A., & Tölle, T. R. (2005) · CNS Spectrums · doi:10.1017/s1092852900022628 · Cited by 69
Small steps towards the development of chemical artificial intelligent systems
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Regulation of the transient receptor potential channel TRPM3 by phosphoinositides
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“…are under the control of phospholipases, phosphatidylinositol kinases and phosphatidylinositol phosphatases, this represents an important general mechanism to modulate TRP channels function downstream of metabotropic receptor stimulation (Julius and Basbaum, 2001; Nilius et al., 2008).”
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“…to nerve growth factor, also containing CGRP; and the C fibre population, which can be selectively labelled with the Griffonia simplicifolia isolectin IB4 and expresses c-Ret, the target of glial-derived neurotrophic factor (Molliver et al., 1997; Snider & McMahon, 1998; Julius & Basbaum, 2001).”
BackgroundExpression Profile of Nerve Growth Factor after Muscle Incision in the Rat
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“These cultures are currently much in use and are very helpful for elucidating important aspects of the somatosensory system, and in particular basic pain mechanisms (Julius and Basbaum, 2001; Rugiero et al., 2010).”
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Zhao, S. R., & Tsang, S. Y. (2016) · Journal of Cellular Physiology · doi:10.1002/jcp.25704 · Cited by 74
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“This stimulus then activates the central nervous system (CNS), triggering pain perception and behavioral responses to pain [5-7].”
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“The lower pain thresholds of migraineurs in this study are still within the normal range for non-sensitized c-fibers and as one would expect, they were not associated with symptoms of cutaneous allodynia (16,30,31).”
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Richards, B. L., Whittle, S., & Buchbinder, R. (2011) · Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews · doi:10.1002/14651858.cd008920.pub2 · Cited by 68
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“Many kinds of ionotropic and metabotropic receptors are known to be involved in the process (Caterina and Julius 1999; McCleskey and Gold 1999; Julius and Basbaum 2001 ).”
BackgroundReduced thermal sensitivity and Nav1.8 and TRPV1 channel expression in sensory neurons of aged mice
Wang, S., Davis, B. M., Zwick, M., Waxman, S. G., & Albers, K. M. (2005) · Neurobiology of Aging · doi:10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2005.04.009 · Cited by 68
“We focused on the thermosensitive ion channels in the transient receptor potential (TRP) family and the tetrototoxin resistant sodium channels since these channels are involved in the generation and transmission of impulse trains in response to mechanical and thermal stimuli [19,23].”
BackgroundGlial and neuroimmune cell choreography in sexually dimorphic pain signaling
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“Due to small diameter and dense packing non-myelinated C-fibers of nervus spinosus were indistinguishable from each other by immunofluorescent microscopy that prevented their correct counting.”
Anti-inflammatory and antinociceptive effects of Garcinia brasiliensis
Santa-Cecília, F. V., Vilela, F. C., da Rocha, C. Q., Dias, D. F., Cavalcante, G. P., Freitas, L. A. S., dos Santos, M. H., & Giusti‐Paiva, A. (2010) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2010.09.036 · Cited by 67
Lima, D. K. S., Ballico, L. J., Lapa, F. D. R., Gonçalves, H. P., de Souza, L. M., Iacomini, M., Werner, M. F. D. P., Baggio, C. H., Pereira, I. T., da Silva, L. M., et al. (2012) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2012.05.016 · Cited by 67
“Experimental data indicate that formalin predominantly evokes activity in C-fibers (Tjolsen et al., 1992), although Ad-fibers are thought to be responsible for fast nociceptive transmission in the first phase of the pain response (Julius and Basbaum, 2001).”
BackgroundIntestinal Epithelial Stem/Progenitor Cells Are Controlled by Mucosal Afferent Nerves
Lundgren, O., Jodal, M., Jansson, M., Ryberg, A. T., & Svensson, L. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0016295 · Cited by 67
“Many of the substances participating in an inflammation, such as cytokines, prostaglandins, adenosine, bradykinin, histamine and 5-hydroxytryptamine, may directly or indirectly via activation of immunocytes, stimulate the studied axon reflex [38,68,69].”
BackgroundEvodiamine functions as an agonist for the vanilloid receptor TRPV1
Pearce, L. V., Petukhov, P. A., Szabó, T. G., Kedei, N., Bizik, F., Kozikowski, A. P., & Blumberg, P. M. (2004) · Organic & Biomolecular Chemistry · doi:10.1039/b404506h · Cited by 67
Nydahl, K. S., Skinner, K., Julius, D. J., & Basbaum, A. I. (2004) · European Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1111/j.1460-9568.2004.03284.x · Cited by 67
Self-citationThe touch dome in human skin is supplied by different types of nerve fibers
Reinisch, C. M., & Tschachler, E. (2005) · Annals of Neurology · doi:10.1002/ana.20527 · Cited by 67
“A fibers play an important role in nociception and temperature sensation.(28,29) The presence of these fibers therefore suggests that in addition to mechanoreception, touch domes may also play a role in the perception of those additional qualities.”
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“Results Activation of specific PKC isoforms by paclitaxel in primary afferent sensory neurons Primary afferent sensory neurons are the gateway by which sensory information from peripheral tissues is transmitted to the spinal cord and brain (Julius and Basbaum, 2001; Reichling et al., 2013), serving as an ideal model s…”
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Jiménez‐Andrade, J. M., Bloom, A. P., Mantyh, W. G., Koewler, N. J., Freeman, K. T., DeLong, D. M., Ghilardi, J. R., Kuskowski, M. A., & Mantyh, P. W. (2009) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2009.05.065 · Cited by 66
“…M anuscript N IH -PA Author M anuscript (A-beta), thinly myelinated sensory nerve fibers (A-delta), and two classes of unmyelinated C-fibers: the peptidergic rich CGRP+ expressing nerve fibers and peptidergic poor nerve fibers (Hunt and Mantyh, 2001, Julius and Basbaum, 2001, Zylka et al., 2005).”
BackgroundChanges in sensory activity of ocular surface sensory nerves during allergic keratoconjunctivitis
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“Moreover, the absence of spontaneously active fibers and the attenuated response to CO2 seen after capsazepine treatment confirms that TRPV1 channels are also important for chemical responsiveness and sensitization of polymodal nociceptors [37,52].”
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Synaptic Plasticity and Pain: Role of Ionotropic Glutamate Receptors
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“”(202) In other words, pain is a personal complex experience that includes the conscious perception of a stimulus capable of generating tissue damage and may further depend on cognitive and emotional components.(37,91,216,224) Whereas acute pain has a protective function to avoid potential damage, chronic pain can be…”
Activation of transient receptor potential A1 by a non‐pungent capsaicin‐like compound, capsiate
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BackgroundGABAA receptor modulation in dorsal root ganglia in vivo affects chronic pain after nerve injury
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“1, inset), which were sub-processes of behavior and may also account, in the pain wheel, for the chronification of pain (Flor, 2012) that is a component of themolecular pathway focused definition (Julius & Basbaum, 2001).”
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Electrically Evoked Compound Action Potential Recording in Peripheral Nerves
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“On the other hand, TRPV1 channels, “molecular integrators” of painful stimuli [26–30], also play a key role in variations of thermal pain sensitivity (TPS) during PDN development, that was directly demonstrated by unchanged TPS in”
BackgroundAntinociceptive Properties of Bergenin
de Oliveira, C. M., Nonato, F. R., de Lima, F. O., Couto, R. D., David, J. P., David, J. M., Soares, M. B. P., & Villarreal, C. F. (2011) · Journal of Natural Products · doi:10.1021/np200232s · Cited by 64
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BackgroundEffect Sizes in Experimental Pain Produced by Gender, Genetic Variants and Sensitization Procedures
Doehring, A., Küsener, N., Flühr, K., Neddermeyer, T. J., Schneider, G., & Lötsch, J. (2011) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017724 · Cited by 64
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Château, Y., & Misery, L. (2004) · Experimental Dermatology · doi:10.1111/j.0906-6705.2004.00158.x · Cited by 64
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The Interplay between Chronic Pain, Opioids, and the Immune System
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“Opioid release is triggered by several endogenous factors, including temperature, low pH, proteolytic activity, or local inflammatory factors (Julius and Basbaum 2001).”
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“…trauma or injury to cutaneous tissues, tissue acidification, combined with the local release of peptides, cytokines and prostanoids, initiates and contributes to neurogenic inflammatory processes, which act to lower the threshold of activation of peripheral nociceptors (Julius and Basbaum, 2001).”
BackgroundWolkoff, P., Clausen, P. A., Larsen, S. T., Hammer, M., & Nielsen, G. D. (2011) · Toxicology Letters · doi:10.1016/j.toxlet.2011.12.008 · Cited by 63
“As the NOEL is from a protective reflex (Alarie, 1973; Julius and Basbaun, 2001), a factor is needed for extrapolation from the mouse NOEL to a NOEL estimate in humans.”
BackgroundOliveira, M. C. G., Pelegrini-da-Silva, A., Parada, C. A., & Tambeli, C. H. (2007) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2006.12.021 · Cited by 63
Antinociceptive activity of fractions from Couroupita guianensis Aubl. leaves
Pinheiro, M. M. G., Fernandes, S. B. D. O., Fingolo, C. E., Kuster, R. M., Matheus, M. E., Boylan, F., & Fernandes, P. D. (2009) · Journal of Ethnopharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.jep.2009.10.025 · Cited by 63
Neuromodulation, Specialized Proresolving Mediators, and Resolution of Pain
Tao, X., Lee, M. S., Donnelly, C. R., & Ji, R. (2020) · Neurotherapeutics · doi:10.1007/s13311-020-00892-9 · Cited by 63
Pharmacogenetics of new analgesics
Lötsch, J., & Geißlinger, G. (2010) · British Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1111/j.1476-5381.2010.01074.x · Cited by 62
“Consistent with the multifactorial nature of pain (Julius and Basbaum, 2001), translational and genetic research have identified several new analgesic targets (Backonja and Woolf, 2010), for which analgesics are being developed (Table 1).”
BackgroundCheng, K.-F., Wang, H., Chuang, Y. ‐., Chou, C.-W., Tu, H., Yu, Y. ‐., Chang, L., & Lai, C. (2013) · European Journal of Pain · doi:10.1002/j.1532-2149.2013.00356.x · Cited by 62
“A thermosensitive transient receptor potential cation channel is sensitized by inflammatory mediators, localized ischaemia or tissue acidification (Julius and Basbaum, 2001) through sensitization of Aδ- and C-fibre nociceptors.”
BackgroundSingh, A. K., & Vinayak, M. (2014) · Neurochemical Research · doi:10.1007/s11064-014-1489-6 · Cited by 62
“The acidic nature of the inflammatory soup is also involved [26].”
BackgroundChen, H., & Ikeda, S. R. (2004) · Journal of Neuroscience · doi:10.1523/jneurosci.0990-04.2004 · Cited by 62
“8), an ATP-gated ion channel (P2X3 receptor), and a nonselective cationic channel (vanilloid receptor VR1) activated by capsaicin, noxious heat, and extracellular protons (Julius and Basbaum, 2001).”
BackgroundExpression and Function of Proton-Sensing G-Protein-Coupled Receptors in Inflammatory Pain
Chen, Y., Huang, C.-W., Lin, C.-S., Chang, W., & Sun, W. (2009) · Molecular Pain · doi:10.1186/1744-8069-5-39 · Cited by 62
Effects of bee venom peptidergic components on rat pain-related behaviors and inflammation
Chen, Y.-N., Li, K.-C., Li, Z., Shang, G.-W., Liu, D. N., Lu, Z.-M., Zhang, J.-W., Ji, Y.-H., Gao, G.-D., & Chen, J. (2006) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2005.11.022 · Cited by 62
Lapa, F. D. R., Gadotti, V. M., Missau, F. C., Pizzolatti, M. G., Marques, M. C. A., Dafré, A. L., Farina, M., Rodrigues, A. L. S., & Santos, A. R. S. (2009) · Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology · doi:10.1111/j.1742-7843.2008.00365.x · Cited by 62
Role of leak potassium channels in pain signaling
Li, X., & Toyoda, H. (2015) · Brain Research Bulletin · doi:10.1016/j.brainresbull.2015.08.007 · Cited by 59
Takatori, M., Kuroda, Y., & Hirose, M. (2006) · Anesthesia & Analgesia · doi:10.1213/01.ane.0000194334.69103.50 · Cited by 61
“In addition to the important factor for sympathetic sprouting, NGF, which is released by mast cells, fibroblasts, and other cell types at sites of injury and inflammation, is also important for nociception and long-lasting pain in conditions of inflammation and induces peripheral sensitization in the primary sensory n…”
BackgroundLawson, K. P., Nag, S., Thompson, A. D., & Mokha, S. S. (2010) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2010.09.018 · Cited by 61
“It is known that C- and Ad-fibers mediate the transmission of heat stimuli, whereas thinly myelinated Ad-fibers transmit mechanical stimulation [30].”
Pathak, N. N., Balaganur, V., Lingaraju, M. C., Kant, V., Latief, N., More, A. S., Kumar, D., Kumar, D., & Tandan, S. K. (2014) · Neurochemistry International · doi:10.1016/j.neuint.2014.01.014 · Cited by 61
“Such pain can be characterized by hyperalgesia and allodynia (Julius and Basbaum, 2001).”
BackgroundKhan, S., Shehzad, O., Chun, J., & Kim, Y. S. (2013) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.07.039 · Cited by 61
“Inflammatory pain is induced by different chemical mediators released during an inflammatory process, which cause nociceptive sensitization (Julius and Basbaum, 2001).”
BackgroundAnalgo-Sedation of Patients with Burns Outside the Operating Room
Gregoretti, C., Decaroli, D., Piacevoli, Q., Mistretta, A., Barzaghi, N., Luxardo, N., Tosetti, I., Tedeschi, L., Burbi, L., Navalesi, P., et al. (2012) · Drugs · doi:10.2165/0003495-200868170-00003 · Cited by 55
Wang, H., Li, Y., Niu, Y.-T., Zheng, J., Wu, J. H., Shi, G., Ma, L., Niu, Y., Sun, T., & Yu, J. (2015) · Inflammation · doi:10.1007/s10753-015-0212-3 · Cited by 60
“Inflammatory pain is primarily due to the sensitization of specific classes of nociceptive neurons by the direct action of inflammatory mediators [1].”
Caron, S. J. C., Prober, D. A., Choy, M., & Schier, A. F. (2008) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.023200 · Cited by 61
“Somatosensory organs recognize a wide range of stimuli such as noxious chemicals, pressure and temperature (for a review, see Julius and Basbaum, 2001).”
BackgroundDecubital shoulder ulcers in sows: a review of classification, pain and welfare consequences
Herskin, M. S., Bonde, M., Jørgensen, E., & Jensen, K. H. (2010) · animal · doi:10.1017/s175173111000203x · Cited by 61
“The presence of infection will, in general, increase pain related to any lesion (e.g. review by Dray, 1995; Gregory, 1998; Julius and Basbaum, 2001) leading to spontaneous pain and hyperalgesia in the lesion as well as in the surrounding tissue.”
BackgroundPain following hysterectomy: epidemiological and clinical aspects.
Brandsborg, B. (2012) · PubMed · Cited by 60
Choi, S.-S., Seo, Y., Shim, E., Kwon, M.-S., Lee, J., Ham, Y.-O., & Suh, H. (2006) · Brain Research · doi:10.1016/j.brainres.2006.06.048 · Cited by 61
Macrophages and microglia in inflammation and neuroinflammation underlying different pain states
Ouyang, C., Luo, X., & Ji, R. (2023) · Medical Review · doi:10.1515/mr-2023-0034 · Cited by 67
“Nociceptors are a diverse group of neurons that can be characterized by factors such as their myelination level, soma size, electrophysiological properties, and molecular markers [14 – 18].”
BackgroundBotulinum Toxin Type A for the Treatment of Neuropathic Pain in Neuro-Rehabilitation
Intiso, D., Basciani, M., Santamato, A., Intiso, M. B. D., & Rienzo, F. D. (2015) · Toxins · doi:10.3390/toxins7072454 · Cited by 60
“They are located at the free nerve endings of unmyelinated C fibers and lightly myelinated Aδ fibers [22].”
BackgroundPerioperative Pain Management in the Neurosurgical Patient
Lai, L. T., Ortiz-Cardona, J. R., & Bendo, A. A. (2012) · Anesthesiology Clinics · doi:10.1016/j.anclin.2012.05.004 · Cited by 60
The development of peripheral cold neural circuits based on TRPM8 expression
Takashima, Y., Ma, L., & McKemy, D. D. (2010) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2010.05.039 · Cited by 60
Capsaicin for Neuropathic Pain: Linking Traditional Medicine and Molecular Biology
Haanpää, M. L., & Treede, R. (2012) · European Neurology · doi:10.1159/000339944 · Cited by 60
Morinville, A., Cahill, C. M., Kieffer, B. L., Collier, B., & Beaudet, A. (2004) · Pain · doi:10.1016/j.pain.2004.01.011 · Cited by 60
“Plastic changes have been documented to occur in the spinal cord in response to persistent inflammatory pain (Julius and Basbaum, 2001).”
Astrocytes—Multitaskers in chronic pain
Hansen, R. B., & Malcangio, M. (2013) · European Journal of Pharmacology · doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.03.023 · Cited by 61
Lund, J. P., Sadeghi, S., Athanassiadis, T., Salas, N. C., Auclair, F., Thivierge, B., Arsenault, I., Rompre, P. H., Westberg, K.-G., & Kolta, A. (2010) · PLoS ONE · doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0011131 · Cited by 60
Modulation of Pain in Osteoarthritis
Hancock, C. M., & Riegger‐Krugh, C. (2008) · Clinical Journal of Pain · doi:10.1097/ajp.0b013e31815e5418 · Cited by 60
Comparison of quadriceps inactivation between nerve and muscle stimulation
Place, N., Casartelli, N. C., Item‐Glatthorn, J. F., & Maffiuletti, N. A. (2010) · Muscle & Nerve · doi:10.1002/mus.21776 · Cited by 60
“discomfort, which varies considerably between individuals,(29) is mainly mediated by Ad and C fibers.(30) Ab fibers are recruited at very low levels of stimulation, such as at detection threshold, contrary to smaller Ad and C fibers, which are”
BackgroundAntinociceptive actions of honokiol and magnolol on glutamatergic and inflammatory pain
Lin, Y.-R., Chen, H., Lin, Y., Ko, C.-H., & Chan, M. (2009) · Journal of Biomedical Science · doi:10.1186/1423-0127-16-94 · Cited by 60
“It is believed that substance P induced signaling pathway is involved in the inflammatory process and in the transmission of sensory nociceptive information [30,35, 36 ].”
BackgroundDiosmin reduces chronic constriction injury-induced neuropathic pain in mice
Bertozzi, M. M., Rossaneis, A. C., Fattori, V., Longhi-Balbinot, D. T., de Freitas, A., Cunha, F. Q., Alves-Filho, J. C., Cunha, T. M., Casagrande, R., & Verri, W. A., Jr. (2017) · Chemico-Biological Interactions · doi:10.1016/j.cbi.2017.06.014 · Cited by 63
Dorsal Root Ganglion Neuron Types and Their Functional Specialization
Emery, E. C., & Ernfors, P. (2018) · Oxford University Press eBooks · doi:10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190860509.013.4 · Cited by 63
Tamura, S., Morikawa, Y., & Senba, E. (2004) · Neuroscience · doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2004.09.021 · Cited by 61
Airway effects of inhaled quaternary ammonium compounds in mice
Larsen, S. T., Verder, H., & Nielsen, G. D. (2012) · Basic & Clinical Pharmacology & Toxicology · doi:10.1111/j.1742-7843.2011.00851.x · Cited by 57
Metadata
- Authors
- Julius, D., & Basbaum, A. I.
- Affiliations
- University of California, San Francisco (US)
- Corresponding author
- Julius, David
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2001-09
- Volume
- 413
- Issue
- 6852
- Pages
- 203-210
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W1883044208
- Cited by
- 2,685
- References
- 73
- Citations by year
- 2026: 63 · 2025: 66 · 2024: 95 · 2023: 91 · 2022: 100 · 2021: 103 · 2020: 94 · 2019: 138 · 2018: 119 · 2017: 113 · 2016: 109 · 2015: 114 · 2014: 147 · 2013: 144 · 2012: 117
- FWCI
- 8.09
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute of Mental Health
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Pain Mechanisms and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Sensory Systems › Ion Channels and Receptors
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Ion channel regulation and function
- Keywords
- nociception, pain, chronic pain, primary sensory neurons, pain detection, thermal pain, mechanical pain, chemical pain, acute to chronic pain transition, pain signalling, molecular mechanisms
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Forecasting, Humans, Neurons, Afferent, Pain, Signal Transduction
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