High autophagic flux guards ESC identity through coordinating autophagy machinery gene program by FOXO1
Open accessAbstract
Although much is known about transcriptional networks that control embryonic stem cell (ESC) self-renewal and differentiation, the metabolic regulation of ESC is less clear. Autophagy is a catabolic process that is activated under both stress and normal conditions to degrade damaged organelles and aggregated proteins, and thus plays pivotal roles in somatic and adult stem cell function. However, if and how ESCs harness autophagy to regulate stemness remains largely unknown. Recently, we have defined that autophagy is essential for mitochondrial homeostasis regulation in pluripotency acquirement and maintenance. Here we identified high autophagic flux as an essential mechanism to maintain ESC identity. We show that mouse ESCs exhibit a high autophagic flux that is maintained by coordinating expression of autophagy core molecular machinery genes through FOXO1, a forkhead family transcription factor. Tapering autophagic flux by manipulating either Atg3 or Foxo1 expression compromised ESC self-renewal, pluripotency, and differentiation that could be restored by gain of wild-type but not function-deficient Atg3 or Foxo1 mutants, respectively. Our results define a newly recognized role of autophagic flux in mouse ESC identity maintenance that links cellular catabolism to ESC fate regulation.
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Proficient autophagic responses most often mediate cytoprotective rather than cytotoxic effects in adaptation to stress.
“Proficient autophagic responses (which are under tight transcriptional and post-translational regulation) [509 799–805] most often operate at the hub of adaptation to stress, hence mediating cytoprotective (rather than cytotoxic) effects [806–811].”
From Molecular mechanisms of cell death: recommendations of the nomenclature committee on cell death 2018. (2018) · cites this paper as [811]
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Autophagy in Normal Stem Cells and Specialized Cells
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集中度指数を指標とした集落分布パターン解析(2) : 平地農村の景観構造に関する基礎的研究(5)(計画・都市計画)
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Autophagy in Embryonic Stem Cells and Neural Stem Cells
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- Authors
- Liu, P., Liu, K., Gu, H., Wang, W., Gong, J., Zhu, Y., Zhao, Q., Cao, J., Han, C., Gao, F., Chen, Q., Li, W., Jiao, J., Hu, B., Zhou, Q., & Zhao, T.
- Affiliations
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (CN)
- Corresponding author
- Zhao, Tongbiao
- ORCID
- Venue
- Cell Death & Differentiation
- Published
- 2017-06-16
- Volume
- 24
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1672-1680
- ISSN
- 1350-9047 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5403
- PMC
- PMC5596427
- OpenAlex
- W2626062067
- Cited by
- 58
- References
- 52
- Citations by year
- 2026: 2 · 2025: 2 · 2024: 5 · 2023: 1 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 10 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 6 · 2018: 7 · 2017: 2
- FWCI
- 5.14
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Cell Death and Differentiation (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (31271592, 31621004, 31570995)
- Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDA01040108, 31621004)
- National Key Research and Development Program of China (2013CB966901, 31621004)
- Thousand Young Talents Program of China
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Epidemiology › Autophagy in Disease and Therapy
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Pluripotent Stem Cells Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › FOXO transcription factor regulation
- Keywords
- autophagic flux, embryonic stem cells, FOXO1, ATG3, stem cell self-renewal, pluripotency, mitochondrial homeostasis, stem cell fate regulation
- MeSH terms
- Mouse Embryonic Stem Cells, Cell Self Renewal, Forkhead Box Protein O1, Animals, Autophagy, Cell Differentiation, Cell Line, Gene Expression Regulation, Pluripotent Stem Cells, Mice, Gene Regulatory Networks
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