The DOI matches its Crossref record; 74 of the 74 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
The endless tale of non-homologous end-joining
Abstract
DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) are introduced in cells by ionizing radiation and reactive oxygen species. In addition, they are commonly generated during V(D)J recombination, an essential aspect of the developing immune system. Failure to effectively repair these DSBs can result in chromosome breakage, cell death, onset of cancer, and defects in the immune system of higher vertebrates. Fortunately, all mammalian cells possess two enzymatic pathways that mediate the repair of DSBs: homologous recombination and non-homologous end-joining (NHEJ). The NHEJ process utilizes enzymes that capture both ends of the broken DNA molecule, bring them together in a synaptic DNA-protein complex, and finally repair the DNA break. In this review, all the known enzymes that play a role in the NHEJ process are discussed and a working model for the co-operation of these enzymes during DSB repair is presented.
Overview
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“NHEJ can be divided into four steps: recognition of DNA ends, synaptic complex formation, DNA end processing by nucleases, and ligation of DNA termini [55,56].”
From Integration of DNA damage and repair with murine double-minute 2 (Mdm2) in tumorigenesis (2012) · cites this paper as [55]
Citations
Cites
Genome maintenance mechanisms for preventing cancer
Hoeijmakers, J. H. J. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35077232 · Cited by 3,939
DNA double-strand breaks: signaling, repair and the cancer connection
Khanna, K. K., & Jackson, S. P. (2001) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/85798 · Cited by 2,455
Conserved modes of recruitment of ATM, ATR and DNA-PKcs to sites of DNA damage
Falck, J., Coates, J., & Jackson, S. P. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03442 · Cited by 1,304
Chromosomal stability and the DNA double-stranded break connection
van Gent, D. C., Hoeijmakers, J. H. J., & Kanaar, R. (2001) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/35056049 · Cited by 1,219
Structure of the Ku heterodimer bound to DNA and its implications for double-strand break repair
Walker, J. R., Corpina, R. A., & Goldberg, J. D. (2001) · Nature · doi:10.1038/35088000 · Cited by 1,216
Ma, Y., Pannicke, U., Schwarz, K., & Lieber, M. R. (2002) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(02)00671-2 · Cited by 1,166
Regulation of p53 in response to DNA damage
Lakin, N. D., & Jackson, S. P. (1999) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/sj.onc.1203015 · Cited by 987
Moshous, D., Callebaut, I., de Chasseval, R., Corneo, B., Cavazzana, M., Deist, F. L., Tezcan, İ., Sanal, Ö., Bertrand, Y., Philippe, N., et al. (2001) · Cell · doi:10.1016/s0092-8674(01)00309-9 · Cited by 912
The DNA-dependent protein kinasePreprint
Smith, G. C. M., & Jackson, S. P. (1999) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.13.8.916 · Cited by 903
XLF Interacts with the XRCC4-DNA Ligase IV Complex to Promote DNA Nonhomologous End-Joining
Ahnesorg, P., Smith, P., & Jackson, S. P. (2006) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2005.12.031 · Cited by 794
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 401–417 of 417
Missoury, S., Tettaravou, C., Castelli, S., Pelletier, A., Morin, V., Varela, P. F., Ropars, V., Mattarocci, S., Legrand, P., Modesti, M., et al. (2026) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.64898/2026.03.12.711350
Vardhan, J., Yadav, S., Chettupalli, A. K., Bukke, S. P. N., & Supriya, C. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-443-44041-0.00008-8
Gu, Y., Song, Y., Wang, S., Wang, Y., Zhao, Z., & Liu, J. (2026) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2026.152307
Transgene-free plant genome editing via viral delivery of miniature CRISPR-Cas12f
Awan, M. J. A., Akram, A., Naqvi, R. Z., Akhtar, M., Siddique, S., Buzdar, M. I., Amin, I. U., & Mansoor, S. (2026) · Functional & Integrative Genomics · doi:10.1007/s10142-026-01901-4
Rani, C., Gupta, D., Mittal, A., Malik, R., Bhatia, S., & Al‐Harrasi, A. (2026) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-817534-7.00006-9
DNA Proofreading, Damage, and Repair: Implications in Health and Disease
Minden, A. (2026) · Springer eBooks · doi:10.1007/978-3-032-20529-2_23
Quantum‐Level Influences on Enzyme Reactions and Their Ripple Effects on Biological Phenomena
Yasuda, T. (2026) · Advanced Physics Research · doi:10.1002/apxr.70171
Modulation of DNA Damage by Epstein–Barr Virus (EBV)
DiMaulo-Milk, E., & Damania, B. (2026) · Viruses · doi:10.3390/v18091035
WITHAFERIN A: A NOVEL THERAPEUTIC APPROACH FOR MALIGANT BRAIN TUMORS
Grogan, P. T. (2014) · KU ScholarWorks (The University of Kansas)
Zahir, S. A. (2013) · Brunel University Research Archive (BURA) (Brunel University London)
Metadata
- Authors
- Weterings, E., & Chen, D. J.
- Affiliations
- The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center (US)
- Corresponding author
- Chen, David J
- ORCID
- Chen, David J
- Venue
- Cell Research
- Published
- 2008-01
- Volume
- 18
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 114-124
- ISSN
- 1001-0602 (ISSN-L)
- 1748-7838
- OpenAlex
- W2104191744
- Cited by
- 418
- References
- 74
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 22 · 2023: 9 · 2022: 12 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 9 · 2019: 7 · 2018: 10 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 24 · 2015: 25 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 48 · 2012: 32
- FWCI
- 3.50
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Cell Research (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NNA05CM04G)
- National Institutes of Health (CA92584)
- National Cancer Institute (R37CA050519, P01CA092584)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › DNA Repair Mechanisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging › Effects of Radiation Exposure
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Oncology › PARP inhibition in cancer therapy
- Keywords
- non-homologous end joining, DNA double-strand breaks, DNA repair, homologous recombination, V(D)J recombination, protein-DNA complex, ionizing radiation, reactive oxygen species, chromosome breakage, immune system development
- MeSH terms
- Animals, DNA Repair, Humans, Models, Biological, Recombination, Genetic, Gene Rearrangement, VDJ Exons, DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
