Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and body fat distribution in reproductive aged women
Open accessAbstract
Background/objectives Adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MD), high in fruits, vegetables and monounsaturated fats, has been associated with lower body mass index. Associations with measured body fat, including regional adiposity, have not been previously investigated. We examined the associations between the alternate Mediterranean diet score (aMED), anthropometry and measured adiposity by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA). Subjects/methods This study included 248 healthy females, aged 18-44 years from the BioCycle Study. Each woman's aMED (range 0-9) was calculated from up to eight 24-h dietary recalls over 1-2 menstrual cycles (>97% had ≥ 7 recalls). Multiple linear regression was used to determine whether aMED and its specific components were associated with total and regional adiposity after adjusting for age, race, education, physical activity and energy intake. Results Participants had an average (s.d.) aMED of 4.2 (1.7) and percent body fat of 29.5 (6.0)%. Significant inverse associations were found between aMED and all the examined adiposity measures except waist-to-hip ratio. Among the DXA measures, a 1-unit increment in aMED was associated with a 0.06 (95% confidence interval (CI): -0.09, -0.02) lower trunk-to-leg fat ratio (T/L), a measure of upper to lower body fat. In an analysis examining T/L as an outcome with the separate components of the aMED, T/L was lower with increased legume consumption (β=-0.280, 95% CI: -0.550, -0.010) but was higher with increased consumption of red and processed meat (β=0.060, 95% CI: 0.002, 0.117). Conclusions Adherence to the aMED was associated with lower total and regional adiposity, adding to the mounting evidence of the health benefits of the MD.
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Adherence to the MD is inversely associated with adiposity, IR, risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus, and cardiovascular disease.
“In particular, there is evidence that the adherence to the MD is inversely associated with adiposity [58], IR [59], and risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus [60] and cardiovascular disease [61].”
From Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet, Dietary Patterns and Body Composition in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (2019) · cites this paper as [58]
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- Authors
- Boghossian, N. S., Yeung, E. H., Mumford, S. L., Zhang, C., Gaskins, A. J., Wactawski-Wende, J., Schisterman, E. F., & for the BioCycle Study Group
- Affiliations
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- Corresponding author
- Yeung, E H
- Venue
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Published
- 2013-02-06
- Volume
- 67
- Issue
- 3
- Pages
- 289-294
- ISSN
- 0954-3007 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5640
- PMC
- PMC3594052
- OpenAlex
- W2131235881
- Cited by
- 45
- References
- 41
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- FWCI
- 3.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- European Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Digital Access to Scholarship at Harvard (DASH) (Harvard University) (submittedVersion, cc-by)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (Z99HD999999)
- National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (T32DK007703)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Diet and metabolism studies
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Keywords
- Mediterranean diet, alternate Mediterranean diet score, body fat distribution, regional adiposity, women of reproductive age, legume consumption, red and processed meat, dietary adherence, anthropometry, body composition
- MeSH terms
- Adipose Tissue, Adolescent, Adult, Energy Intake, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Motor Activity, Patient Compliance, Reproduction, Absorptiometry, Photon, Nutrition Assessment, Body Mass Index, Diet, Mediterranean, Waist-Hip Ratio, Body Fat Distribution, Young Adult
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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