Adherence to the Mediterranean diet, long-term weight change, and incident overweight or obesity: the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort
Open accessAbstract
Background The Mediterranean dietary pattern might be a potential tool for the prevention of obesity.Objectives We studied the association between adherence to 6 previously published scores used to assess the adherence to the Mediterranean diet and weight change. We also assessed the risk of relevant weight gain (≥ 5 kg) or the risk of developing overweight or obesity.Design The study population included 10,376 Spanish men and women who were university graduates (mean age = 38 y) and were followed up for a mean (± SD) of 5.7 ± 2.2 y. Diet was assessed at baseline with a 136-item, previously validated food-frequency questionnaire. Weight was assessed at baseline and biennially during follow-up.Results Participants with the lowest adherence (≤ 3 points) to the Mediterranean dietary score (MDS) proposed by Trichopoulou et al (range: 0-9; N Engl J Med 2003;348:2599-608) exhibited the highest average yearly weight gain, whereas participants with the highest (≥ 6 points) adherence exhibited the lowest weight gain (adjusted difference: -0.059 kg/y; 95% CI: -0.111, -0.008 kg/y; P for trend = 0.02). This inverse association was extended to other a priori-defined MDSs. The group with the highest adherence to the MDS also showed the lowest risk of relevant weight gain (≥ 5 kg) during the first 4 y of follow-up (odds ratio: 0.76; 95% CI: 0.64, 0.90).Conclusions Adherence to the Mediterranean dietary pattern is significantly associated with reduced weight gain. This dietary pattern can be recommended to slow down age-related weight gain.
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Our data confirmed PREDIMED findings that low MD adherence was associated with current smoking, higher BMI and WC, and lower physical activity.
“We confirmed findings from the PREDIMED study, showing that individuals with low MD adherence were more likely to be current smokers, have higher BMI and WC and lower PA (10,18).”
From Effect of an Internet-based, personalized nutrition randomized trial on dietary changes associated with the Mediterranean diet: the Food4Me Study (2016) · cites this paper as [10]
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- Authors
- Beunza, J.-J., Toledo, E., Hu, F. B., Bes-Rastrollo, M., Serrano-Martínez, M., Sánchez-Villegas, A., Martínez, J. A., & Martínez-González
- Affiliations
- Harvard University (US)
- Venue
- The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 2010-12
- Volume
- 92
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 1484-1493
- ISSN
- 0002-9165 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2139791084
- Cited by
- 213
- References
- 38
- Citations by year
- 2026: 8 · 2025: 14 · 2024: 3 · 2023: 8 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 16 · 2019: 17 · 2018: 13 · 2017: 14 · 2016: 22 · 2015: 16 · 2014: 19 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 13.63
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Update notices
- erratum (2011-03-01)
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- American Journal of Clinical Nutrition (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Acceda (Universidad de Las Palmas de Gran Canaria) (submittedVersion)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health › Nutritional Studies and Diet
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Dietary Effects on Health
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Nutrition, Genetics, and Disease
- Keywords
- Mediterranean diet, dietary adherence, weight gain, obesity, overweight, long-term weight change, obesity prevention, university graduates, Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra cohort
- MeSH terms
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity, Surveys and Questionnaires, Risk Factors, Spain, Cohort Studies, Weight Gain, Odds Ratio, Diet, Mediterranean, Overweight
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