Meta-analysis of telomere length in 19,713 subjects reveals high heritability, stronger maternal inheritance and a paternal age effect
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Telomere length (TL) has been associated with aging and mortality, but individual differences are also influenced by genetic factors, with previous studies reporting heritability estimates ranging from 34 to 82%. Here we investigate the heritability, mode of inheritance and the influence of parental age at birth on TL in six large, independent cohort studies with a total of 19,713 participants. The meta-analysis estimate of TL heritability was 0.70 (95% CI 0.64-0.76) and is based on a pattern of results that is highly similar for twins and other family members. We observed a stronger mother-offspring (r=0.42; P-value=3.60 × 10(-61)) than father-offspring correlation (r=0.33; P-value=7.01 × 10(-5)), and a significant positive association with paternal age at offspring birth (β=0.005; P-value=7.01 × 10(-5)). Interestingly, a significant and quite substantial correlation in TL between spouses (r=0.25; P-value=2.82 × 10(-30)) was seen, which appeared stronger in older spouse pairs (mean age ≥55 years; r=0.31; P-value=4.27 × 10(-23)) than in younger pairs (mean age<55 years; r=0.20; P-value=3.24 × 10(-10)). In summary, we find a high and very consistent heritability estimate for TL, evidence for a maternal inheritance component and a positive association with paternal age.
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In a recent meta-analysis, TL heritability was estimated to be 0.7.
“In a recent meta-analysis, TL heritability was estimated to be 0.7 (Broer et al., 2013).”
From Psychiatric disorders and leukocyte telomere length: Underlying mechanisms linking mental illness with cellular aging (2015) · cites this paper as Broer et al., 2013
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- Authors
- Broer, L., Codd, V., Nyholt, D. R., Deelen, J., Mangino, M., Willemsen, G., Albrecht, E., Amin, N., Beekman, M., de Geus, E. J. C., Henders, A., Nelson, C. P., Steves, C. J., Wright, M. J., de Craen, A. J. M., Isaacs, A., Matthews, M., Moayyeri, A., Montgomery, G. W., Oostra, B. A., Vink, J. M., Spector, T. D., Slagboom, P. E., Martin, N. G., Samani, N. J., van Duijn, C. M., & Boomsma, D. I.
- Affiliations
- Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
- University of Leicester (GB)
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (AU)
- King's College London (GB)
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (NL)
- Helmholtz Munich (DE)
- Erasmus MC (NL)
- Corresponding author
- Boomsma, Dorret I
- ORCID
- Broer, Linda
- Codd, Veryan
- Nyholt, Dale R
- Deelen, Joris
- Mangino, Massimo
- Willemsen, Gonneke
- Amin, Najaf
- Beekman, Marian
- Henders, Anjali
- Nelson, Christopher P
- Steves, Claire J
- Isaacs, Aaron
- Moayyeri, Alireza
- Montgomery, Grant W
- Vink, Jacqueline M
- Spector, Tim D
- Slagboom, P Eline
- Martin, Nicholas G
- Samani, Nilesh J
- Boomsma, Dorret I
- Venue
- European Journal of Human Genetics
- Published
- 2013-01-16
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 10
- Pages
- 1163-1168
- ISSN
- 1018-4813 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5438
- PMC
- PMC3778341
- OpenAlex
- W2110405237
- Cited by
- 450
- References
- 44
- Citations by year
- 2026: 14 · 2025: 26 · 2024: 24 · 2023: 29 · 2022: 39 · 2021: 55 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 43 · 2017: 31 · 2016: 35 · 2015: 47 · 2014: 25 · 2013: 9 · 2012: 1
- FWCI
- 4.26
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- bronze
- doi.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- European Journal of Human Genetics (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (publishedVersion, other-oa)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (publishedVersion)
- VU Research Portal (publishedVersion)
- EUR Research Repository (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion)
- RePub (Erasmus University Rotterdam) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS) (submittedVersion)
- Leiden Repository (Leiden University) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Research Portal (King's College London) (submittedVersion)
- Site cant be reached (submittedVersion)
- Radboud Repository (Radboud University) (submittedVersion)
- Research Publications (Maastricht University) (submittedVersion, other-oa)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (FP7/2007–2013)
- QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute
- National Institute for Health and Care Research (FP7/2007–2013)
- British Heart Foundation
- King's College London
- European Commission (FP7/2007-2011, 2007–2013, 230374, FP7 2007-2013, 201413, FP7/2007, 259679)
- ZonMw (Addiction‐31160008, Middelgroot‐911‐09‐032, 985-10-002, 400‐05‐717, 56-464-14192, 184.021.007, 904-61-193, 911‐09‐032, 904-61-090, 31160008, 480‐04‐004, 050-060-810)
- Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (FP7/2007-2013, 2008.024)
- Nederlandse Organisatie voor Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek (184021007, 400‐05‐717, 050.060.810, 904-61-193, 904-61-090, FP7 2007-2013, 311-60008, 56‐464‐14192, Addiction-31160008, Spinozapremie 56-464-14192, 985-10002, 480-04-004, 904-61-090, 985-10-002)
- Centre for Medical Systems Biology
- Norwegian Biodiversity Information Centre
- National Institutes of Health (FP7/2007-2013, 184.021.007, ERC 230374, 400-05-717)
- Medical Research Council
- Australian Research Council (FT0991022)
- National Health and Medical Research Council (496739, 619667)
- National Eye Institute
- FP7 Ideas: European Research Council (284167)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology › Telomeres, Telomerase, and Senescence
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Keywords
- telomere length, heritability, maternal inheritance, paternal age, mode of inheritance, twin studies, family studies, aging, mortality
- MeSH terms
- Adolescent, Adult, Age Factors, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Paternal Age, Pedigree, Twins, Case-Control Studies, Telomere, Inheritance Patterns, Telomere Shortening
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