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The effect of obesity combined with low muscle strength on decline in mobility in older persons: results from the InCHIANTI Study
Open accessAbstract
Objective Both obesity and muscle impairment are increasingly prevalent among older persons and negatively affect health and physical functioning. However, the combined effect of coexisting obesity and muscle impairment on physical function decline has been little studied. We examined whether obese persons with low muscle strength experience significantly greater declines in walking speed and mobility than persons with only obesity or low muscle strength.Design Community-dwelling adults aged > or = 65 years (n = 930) living in the Chianti geographic area (Tuscany, Italy) were followed for 6 years in the population-based InCHIANTI study.Measurements On the basis of baseline measurements (1998-2000), obesity was defined as body mass index (BMI) > or = 30 kg/m(2) and low muscle strength as lowest sex-specific tertile of knee extensor strength. Walking speed and self-reported mobility disability (ability to walk 400 m or climb one flight of stairs) were assessed at baseline and at 3- and 6-year follow-up.Results At baseline, obese persons with low muscle strength had significantly lower walking speed compared with all other groups (P < or = 0.05). In longitudinal analyses, obese participants with low muscle strength had steeper decline in walking speed and high risk of developing new mobility disability over the 6-year follow-up compared with those without obesity or low muscle strength. After the age of 80, the differences between groups were substantially attenuated. The differences seen in walking speed across combination of low muscle strength and obesity groups were partly explained by 6-year changes in muscle strength, BMI and waist circumference.Conclusions Obesity combined with low muscle strength increases the risk of decline in walking speed and developing mobility disability, especially among persons < 80 years old.
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“mobility disability trajectories and gait speed over 6 years were steepest in individuals with obesity as defined by BMI and low muscle strength200”
From Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: aetiology, epidemiology and treatment strategies (2018) · cites this paper as [200]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
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“Data from the InCHIANTI study noted rates of 3.2–8.7% using the low knee extensor strength with either high BMI or waist circumferrence200.”
From Sarcopenic obesity in older adults: aetiology, epidemiology and treatment strategies (2018) · cites this paper as [200]
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“In the Invecchiare in Chianti (InCHIANTI, aging in the Chianti area) study, community-dwelling older adults with dynapenic obesity showed a steeper decline in walking speed and an increased risk of developing new mobility disability over the 6-year follow-up compared to those without obesity or dynapenia (38).”
From Health Consequences of Sarcopenic Obesity: A Narrative Review (2020) · cites this paper as [38]
In the citing paper
“Sarcopenia and obesity can co-occur, and synergistically are associated with worse functional decline and outcomes than is either condition alone.70”
From Age-related and disease-related muscle loss: The effect of diabetes, obesity, and other diseases (2014) · cites this paper as [70]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Stenholm, S., Alley, D., Bandinelli, S., Griswold, M. E., Koskinen, S., Rantanen, T., Guralnik, J. M., & Ferrucci, L.
- Affiliations
- National Institute on Aging (US)
- University of Maryland, Baltimore (US)
- Azienda Sanitaria di Firenze (IT)
- Johns Hopkins University (US)
- Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare (FI)
- University of Jyväskylä (FI)
- National Institutes of Health (US)
- Corresponding author
- Stenholm, S
- Venue
- International Journal of Obesity
- Published
- 2009-04-21
- Volume
- 33
- Issue
- 6
- Pages
- 635-644
- ISSN
- 0307-0565 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5497
- PMC
- PMC2697265
- OpenAlex
- W2123960494
- Cited by
- 248
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 10 · 2025: 6 · 2024: 8 · 2023: 35 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 6 · 2020: 13 · 2019: 13 · 2018: 18 · 2017: 19 · 2016: 20 · 2015: 22 · 2014: 13 · 2013: 17 · 2012: 13
- FWCI
- 9.06
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- europepmc.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- International Journal of Obesity (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- STM:n Hallinnonalan avoin julkaisuarkisto (Julkari) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health
- National Institute on Aging (N.1‐AG‐1‐2111, N.1-AG-1-1, N01 AG000005, N01 AG-5-0002)
- National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (263MD9164, 263MD 821336, R01MD009164)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Physiology (medical) › Nutrition and Health in Aging
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Frailty in Older Adults
- Health Sciences › Health Professions › Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation › Balance, Gait, and Falls Prevention
- Keywords
- obesity, muscle weakness, mobility decline, walking speed, mobility impairment, older adults, quadriceps strength, body mass index, waist circumference, physical function, InCHIANTI study
- MeSH terms
- Activities of Daily Living, Aged, Female, Health Surveys, Humans, Italy, Locomotion, Male, Obesity, Risk Factors, Geriatric Assessment, Body Mass Index, Walking, Muscle, Skeletal, Muscle Strength
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