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Cited by 384Genetic Associations and EpidemiologyCognitive Abilities and TestingDementia and Cognitive Impairment Research

Genetic contributions to variation in general cognitive function: a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in the CHARGE consortium (N=53 949)

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Davies, G, Armstrong, N, Bis, J C, Bressler, J, Chouraki, V, Giddaluru, S, Hofer, E, Ibrahim-Verbaas, C A +121 more·2015·Molecular Psychiatry
DOI 10.1038/mp.2014.188PMC PMC4356746
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Abstract

General cognitive function is substantially heritable across the human life course from adolescence to old age. We investigated the genetic contribution to variation in this important, health- and well-being-related trait in middle-aged and older adults. We conducted a meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies of 31 cohorts ( N =53 949) in which the participants had undertaken multiple, diverse cognitive tests. A general cognitive function phenotype was tested for, and created in each cohort by principal component analysis. We report 13 genome-wide significant single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) associations in three genomic regions, 6q16.1, 14q12 and 19q13.32 (best SNP and closest gene, respectively: rs10457441, P =3.93 × 10 −9 , MIR2113 ; rs17522122, P =2.55 × 10 −8 , AKAP6 ; rs10119, P =5.67 × 10 −9 , APOE/TOMM40 ). We report one gene-based significant association with the HMGN1 gene located on chromosome 21 ( P =1 × 10 −6 ). These genes have previously been associated with neuropsychiatric phenotypes. Meta-analysis results are consistent with a polygenic model of inheritance. To estimate SNP-based heritability, the genome-wide complex trait analysis procedure was applied to two large cohorts, the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study ( N =6617) and the Health and Retirement Study ( N =5976). The proportion of phenotypic variation accounted for by all genotyped common SNPs was 29% (s.e.=5%) and 28% (s.e.=7%), respectively. Using polygenic prediction analysis, ~1.2% of the variance in general cognitive function was predicted in the Generation Scotland cohort ( N =5487; P =1.5 × 10 −17 ). In hypothesis-driven tests, there was significant association between general cognitive function and four genes previously associated with Alzheimer’s disease: TOMM40 , APOE , ABCG1 and MEF2C .

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  • Recent genome-wide meta-analyses have identified 24 genomic loci linked to variation in intelligence.

    “Recent genome-wide metaanalyses have identified 24 genomic loci linked to variation in intelligence 3-7”

    From Genome-wide association meta-analysis in 269,867 individuals identifies new genetic and functional links to intelligence (2018) · cites this paper as [3]

    The Results report 13 genome-wide significant SNPs in three genomic regions associated with general cognitive function. This supports the claim that a genome-wide meta-analysis identified linked regions, but this paper does not establish the cited sentence’s total of 24 loci across multiple analyses. (LLM, conf=0.90)

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Authors
Davies, G., Armstrong, N., Bis, J. C., Bressler, J., Chouraki, V, Giddaluru, S., Hofer, E., Ibrahim-Verbaas, C. A., Kirin, M., Lahti, J., van der Lee, S. J., Le Hellard, S., Liu, T., Marioni, R. E., Oldmeadow, C., Postmus, I., Smith, A. V., Smith, J. A., Thalamuthu, A., Thomson, R., Vitart, V, Wang, J., Yu, L., Zgaga, L., Zhao, W., Boxall, R., Harris, S. E., Hill, W. D., Liewald, D. C., Luciano, M., Adams, H., Ames, D., Amin, N., Amouyel, P., Assareh, A. A., Au, R., Becker, J. T., Beiser, A., Berr, C., Bertram, L., Boerwinkle, E., Buckley, B. M., Campbell, H., Corley, J., De Jager, P. L., Dufouil, C., Eriksson, J. G., Espeseth, T., Faul, J. D., Ford, I., Scotland, G., Gottesman, R. F., Griswold, M. E., Gudnason, V, Harris, T. B., Heiss, G., Hofman, A., Holliday, E. G., Huffman, J., Kardia, S. L. R., Kochan, N., Knopman, D. S., Kwok, J. B., Lambert, J.-C., Lee, T., Li, G., Li, S.-C., Loitfelder, M., Lopez, O. L., Lundervold, A. J., Lundqvist, A., Mather, K. A., Mirza, S. S., Nyberg, L., Oostra, B. A., Palotie, A., Papenberg, G., Pattie, A., Petrovic, K., Polasek, O., Psaty, B. M., Redmond, P., Reppermund, S., Rotter, J. I., Schmidt, H., Schuur, M., Schofield, P. W., Scott, R. J., Steen, V. M., Stott, D. J., van Swieten, J. C., Taylor, K. D., Trollor, J., Trompet, S., Uitterlinden, A. G., Weinstein, G., Widen, E., Windham, B. G., Jukema, J. W., Wright, A. F., Wright, M. J., Yang, Q., Amieva, H., Attia, J. R., Bennett, D. A., Brodaty, H., de Craen, A. J. M., Hayward, C., Ikram, M. A., Lindenberger, U., Nilsson, L.-G., Porteous, D. J., Räikkönen, K., Reinvang, I., Rudan, I., Sachdev, P. S., Schmidt, R., Schofield, P. R., Srikanth, V, Starr, J. M., Turner, S. T., Weir, D. R., Wilson, J. F., van Duijn, C., Launer, L., Fitzpatrick, A. L., Seshadri, S., Mosley, T. H., & Deary, I. J.
Affiliations
  • University of Edinburgh (GB)
  • The University of Sydney (AU)
  • University of Washington (US)
  • The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (US)
  • Boston University (US)
  • Haukeland University Hospital (NO)
  • Medical University of Graz (AT)
  • University of Helsinki (FI)
  • Max Planck Institute for Human Development (DE)
  • The University of Queensland (AU)
  • Hunter Medical Research Institute (AU)
  • Leiden University Medical Center (NL)
  • University of Iceland (IS)
  • University of Michigan (US)
  • UNSW Sydney (AU)
  • Institute of Genetics and Cancer (GB)
  • Rush University Medical Center (US)
  • University of Zagreb (HR)
  • Western General Hospital (GB)
  • Erasmus MC (NL)
  • The Royal Melbourne Hospital (AU)
  • Inserm (FR)
  • University of Pittsburgh (US)
  • Max Planck Institute for Molecular Genetics (DE)
  • Baylor College of Medicine (US)
  • University College Cork (IE)
  • Oslo University Hospital (NO)
  • Johns Hopkins University (US)
  • University of Mississippi Medical Center (US)
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill (US)
  • Mayo Clinic (US)
  • Haraldsplass Diakonale Sykehus (NO)
  • Umeå University (SE)
  • Stockholm University (SE)
  • Group Health Cooperative (US)
  • University of California, Los Angeles (US)
  • University of Glasgow (GB)
  • QIMR Berghofer Medical Research Institute (AU)
  • Karolinska Institutet (SE)
  • University of Oslo (NO)
  • Monash University (AU)
  • Alzheimer Scotland (GB)
Corresponding author
Deary, I J
ORCID
Venue
Molecular Psychiatry
Publisher
Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published
2015-02
Volume
20
Issue
2
Pages
183-192
ISSN
  • 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-5578
DOI
10.1038/mp.2014.188
PMC
PMC4356746
OpenAlex
W2112658198
Cited by
384
References
8
Citations by year
2026: 11 · 2025: 25 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 43 · 2020: 35 · 2019: 34 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 55 · 2016: 44 · 2015: 23 · 2013: 1 · 2012: 1
FWCI
7.24
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Licence
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Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (UL1TR000135, UL1TR000124)
  • Medical Research Council (MR/K026992/1)
  • Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (S18386, BB/F019394/1)
  • National Institute on Aging (R01AG017917, P30AG010129, U01AG049505, P50AG005133, R01AG015819, P30AG010161, RF1AG015819, R01AG008122, U01AG009740)
  • National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (R01HL105756, R01HL070825)
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (P30DK063491)
  • National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS017950)
  • National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
  • Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Cognitive Abilities and Testing
  • Health Sciences › Medicine › Psychiatry and Mental health › Dementia and Cognitive Impairment Research
Keywords
general intelligence, genetic architecture, polygenic inheritance, heritability, single nucleotide polymorphisms, middle-aged and older adults, HMGN1, ABCG1, MEF2C, cognitive aging
MeSH terms
Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Cognition, Cognition Disorders, Female, Humans, Male, Middle Aged, Neuropsychological Tests, Phenotype, Scotland, Cohort Studies, Genetic Predisposition to Disease, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, HMGN1 Protein, Atherosclerosis, Genome-Wide Association Study

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