Increased ghrelin signaling prolongs survival in mouse models of human aging through activation of sirtuin1
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Caloric restriction (CR) is known to retard aging and delay functional decline as well as the onset of diseases in most organisms. Ghrelin is secreted from the stomach in response to CR and regulates energy metabolism. We hypothesized that in CR ghrelin has a role in protecting aging-related diseases. We examined the physiological mechanisms underlying the ghrelin system during the aging process in three mouse strains with different genetic and biochemical backgrounds as animal models of accelerated or normal human aging. The elevated plasma ghrelin concentration was observed in both klotho-deficient and senescence-accelerated mouse prone/8 (SAMP8) mice. Ghrelin treatment failed to stimulate appetite and prolong survival in klotho-deficient mice, suggesting the existence of ghrelin resistance in the process of aging. However, ghrelin antagonist hastened death and ghrelin signaling potentiators rikkunshito and atractylodin ameliorated several age-related diseases with decreased microglial activation in the brain and prolonged survival in klotho-deficient, SAMP8 and aged ICR mice. In vitro experiments, the elevated sirtuin1 (SIRT1) activity and protein expression through the cAMP-CREB pathway was observed after ghrelin and ghrelin potentiator treatment in ghrelin receptor 1a-expressing cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Furthermore, rikkunshito increased hypothalamic SIRT1 activity and SIRT1 protein expression of the heart in the all three mouse models of aging. Pericarditis, myocardial calcification and atrophy of myocardial and muscle fiber were improved by treatment with rikkunshito. Ghrelin signaling may represent one of the mechanisms activated by CR, and potentiating ghrelin signaling may be useful to extend health and lifespan.
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Activation of ghrelin signaling attenuates microglial activation in mouse models of normal aging, accelerated aging, and Alzheimer's disease.
“the activation of ghrelin signaling has been shown to attenuate microglial activation in mouse models of normal aging, accelerated aging and AD.”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [556]
The neuroprotective effects of ghrelin might be attributed to its ability to impact age-related pathways, including sirtuin-1 activation, and to prolong lifespan in different mouse models of aging.
“The neuroprotective effects of ghrelin might be attributed to its ability to impact age-related pathways, including sirtuin-1 activation, with studies demonstrating its ability to prolong lifespan in different mouse models of aging.”
From Microbiota–gut–brain axis and its therapeutic applications in neurodegenerative diseases (2024) · cites this paper as [556]
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“Furthermore, AMPK phosphorylates glyceraldehyde 3- phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) at Ser122 during starvation to encourage the nuclear trafficking of GAPDH and the displacement of SIRT1 from its repressor Deleted in Breast Cancer 1 (DBC1) (Chang et al., 2015).”
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- Authors
- Fujitsuka, N., Asakawa, A., Morinaga, A., Amitani, M. S., Amitani, H., Katsuura, G., Sawada, Y., Sudo, Y., Uezono, Y., Mochiki, E., Sakata, I., Sakai, T., Hanazaki, K., Yada, T., Yakabi, K., Sakuma, E., Ueki, T., Niijima, A., Nakagawa, K., Okubo, N., Takeda, H., Asaka, M., & Inui, A.
- Affiliations
- Kagoshima University (JP)
- National Cancer Center Research Institute (JP)
- Saitama Medical Center, Saitama Medical University (JP)
- Saitama University (JP)
- Kochi Medical School Hospital (JP)
- Jichi Medical University (JP)
- Nagoya City University (JP)
- Niigata University (JP)
- Hokkaido University (JP)
- Corresponding author
- Inui, A
- ORCID
- Venue
- Molecular Psychiatry
- Published
- 2016-02-02
- Volume
- 21
- Issue
- 11
- Pages
- 1613-1623
- ISSN
- 1359-4184 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-5578
- PMC
- PMC5078860
- OpenAlex
- W2277887080
- Cited by
- 114
- References
- 62
- Citations by year
- 2026: 3 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 10 · 2023: 5 · 2022: 9 · 2021: 9 · 2020: 21 · 2019: 11 · 2018: 11 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 10
- FWCI
- 8.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- hybrid
- doi.org
- Licence
- Locations
- Molecular Psychiatry (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Funders
- Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (22590676, 25117008, 26462244, 16K10220, 24390182, 15K15277, 15K08686)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Aging › Genetics, Aging, and Longevity in Model Organisms
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Geriatrics and Gerontology › Sirtuins and Resveratrol in Medicine
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Endocrine and Autonomic Systems › Regulation of Appetite and Obesity
- Keywords
- ghrelin, caloric restriction, aging, SIRT1, Rikkunshito, atractylodin, ghrelin resistance, SAMP8 mice, microglial activation, hypothalamus, myocardial calcification, pericarditis, lifespan extension, age-related diseases
- MeSH terms
- Aging, Animals, Disease Models, Animal, Drugs, Chinese Herbal, Hypothalamus, Mice, Inbred ICR, Signal Transduction, Caloric Restriction, Mice, Ghrelin, Receptors, Ghrelin, Sirtuin 1
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