Cited by 286Virus-based gene therapy researchViral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in InsectsRNA Interference and Gene Delivery

Manufacturing of recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors for clinical trials

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Clément, Nathalie, Grieger, Joshua C·2016·Molecular Therapy - Methods & Clinical Development

Abstract

The ability to elicit robust and long-term transgene expression in vivo together with minimal immunogenicity and little to no toxicity are only a few features that make recombinant adeno-associated virus (rAAV) vectors ideally suited for many gene therapy applications. Successful preclinical studies have encouraged the use of rAAV for therapeutic gene transfer to patients in the clinical setting. Nevertheless, the use of rAAV in clinical trials has underscored the need for production and purification systems capable of generating large amounts of highly pure rAAV particles. To date, generating vector quantities sufficient to meet the expanding clinical demand is still a hurdle when using current production systems. In this chapter, we will provide a description of the current methods to produce clinical grade of rAAV under current good manufacturing practice (cGMP) settings.

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Crossref · 10.1038/mtm.2016.2

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  • Impurities may remain in AAV preparations from the production process, such as DNA fragments from plasmids and host cell genomes as well as empty viral capsids, which can contribute to overall immunogenicity.

    “In addition, impurities may remain in AAV preparations from the pro­ duction process, such as DNA fragments from plasmids and host cell genomes as well as empty viral capsids, which can contribute to overall immunogenicity (Wright, 2014; Cl ´ ement and Grieger, 2016; Pei et al., 2018).”

    From Gene Therapy-Associated Uveitis (GTAU): Understanding and mitigating the adverse immune response in retinal gene therapy (2025) · cites this paper as Clément and Grieger, 2016

    The Purification Methods for Clinical Manufacturing section (page not provided) identifies cellular nucleic acids and empty capsids as impurities that AAV purification must address. The Transfection Methods section describes plasmid-based production, but the cited passages do not specifically identify residual plasmid DNA fragments or say that these impurities contribute to immunogenicity. (LLM, conf=0.85)

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  • Virus concentration in rAAV samples covers many orders of magnitude, from 10^10 to 10^11 vg/mL at raw culture harvest to 10^13 to 10^14 vg/mL in the purified product.

    “At the same time, virus concentration in samples covers many orders of magnitude, from 1010 to 1011 vg/mL at raw culture harvest to 1013 to 1014 vg/mL in the purified product,6,7,18, 19, 20,24, 25, 26, 27”
  • Laboratory-scale production yields only a few milliliters of purified rAAV, equivalent to 10^12 to 10^14 vector genomes, such that the required sample volumes for analysis can cause significant loss of product.

    “Commonly, laboratory-scale production yields only few milliliters (mL) of purified rAAV—equivalent to 1012–1014 vector genomes (vgs)—such that the required sample volumes for analysis can cause significant loss of product.6,7,20,23,24”

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Authors
Clément, N., & Grieger, J. C.
Affiliations
University of Florida (US)
Corresponding author
Grieger, Joshua C
Venue
Molecular Therapy - Methods & Clinical Development
Publisher
Elsevier BV
Published
2016
Volume
3
Pages
16002
ISSN
2329-0501 (ISSN-L)
OpenAlex
W2324542890
Cited by
286
References
93
Citations by year
2026: 19 · 2025: 31 · 2024: 38 · 2023: 31 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 33 · 2019: 19 · 2018: 23 · 2017: 26 · 2016: 7 · 2013: 1
FWCI
3.34
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Molecular Therapy — Methods & Clinical Development (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed Central (publishedVersion, cc-by-nc-nd)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals) (submittedVersion)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Virus-based gene therapy research
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Viral Infectious Diseases and Gene Expression in Insects
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
Keywords
recombinant adeno-associated virus vectors, AAV vector production, vector purification, current good manufacturing practice, gene therapy, therapeutic gene transfer, clinical trials

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