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Apoptosis disables CD31-mediated cell detachment from phagocytes promoting binding and engulfment
Abstract
Macrophage recognition and ingestion of 'self' cells undergoing apoptosis in vivo protects tissues from the toxic contents of dying cells and modulates macrophage regulation of inflammatory and immune responses. However, the complex molecular mechanisms mediating macrophage discrimination between viable and apoptotic cells are poorly understood. In particular, little is known of why viable nucleated cells are not engulfed by macrophages. To reveal active repulsion of viable cells and to seek specific capture or 'tethering' of apoptotic cells, we studied macrophage binding of viable and apoptotic leukocytes under conditions of flow. We found that homophilic ligation of CD31 (ref. 4) on viable leukocytes promoted their active, temperature-dependent detachment under low shear, whereas such CD31-mediated detachment was disabled in apoptotic leukocytes, promoting tight binding and macrophage ingestion of dying cells. Here we propose that CD31 (also known as platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1, PECAM-1) is an example of a cell-surface molecule that prevents phagocyte ingestion of closely apposed viable cells by transmitting 'detachment' signals, and which changes function on apoptosis, promoting tethering of dying cells to phagocytes.
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“Examples of such signals are CD31 117 and CD47 118, although how these molecules are negated by cell death remains unexplored.”
From Immunogenic and tolerogenic cell death (2009) · cites this paper as [118]
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Metadata
- Authors
- Brown, S., Heinisch, I., Ross, E., Shaw, K., Buckley, C. D., & Savill, J.
- Affiliations
- Centre for Inflammation Research (GB)
- University of Birmingham (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Brown, Simon
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2002-07
- Volume
- 418
- Issue
- 6894
- Pages
- 200-203
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W1968736434
- Cited by
- 390
- References
- 21
- Citations by year
- 2026: 4 · 2025: 9 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 10 · 2022: 10 · 2021: 17 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 18 · 2018: 6 · 2017: 16 · 2016: 12 · 2015: 8 · 2014: 17 · 2013: 16 · 2012: 15
- FWCI
- 7.89
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- University of Birmingham Research Portal (University of Birmingham) (publishedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › Phagocytosis and Immune Regulation
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Cell death mechanisms and regulation
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Immunology and Allergy › Cell Adhesion Molecules Research
- Keywords
- apoptosis, CD31, macrophage phagocytosis, cell detachment, leukocyte tethering, homophilic adhesion, shear flow, cell surface signaling
- MeSH terms
- Cell Adhesion, Cell Survival, Cells, Cultured, Endocytosis, Humans, Leukocytes, Macrophages, Proteolipids, Signal Transduction, Apoptosis, Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
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