The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
De Broglie wavelength of a non-local four-photon state
Open accessAbstract
Superposition is one of the most distinctive features of quantum theory and has been demonstrated in numerous single-particle interference experiments. Quantum entanglement, the coherent superposition of states in multi-particle systems, yields more complex phenomena. One important type of multi-particle experiment uses path-entangled number states, which exhibit pure higher-order interference and the potential for applications in metrology and imaging; these include quantum interferometry and spectroscopy with phase sensitivity at the Heisenberg limit, or quantum lithography beyond the classical diffraction limit. It has been generally understood that in optical implementations of such schemes, lower-order interference effects always decrease the overall performance at higher particle numbers. Such experiments have therefore been limited to two photons. Here we overcome this limitation, demonstrating a four-photon interferometer based on linear optics. We observe interference fringes with a periodicity of one-quarter of the single-photon wavelength, confirming the presence of a four-particle mode-entangled state. We anticipate that this scheme should be extendable to arbitrary photon numbers, holding promise for realizable applications with entanglement-enhanced performance.
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“It was experimentally realized for N = 3 (Mitchell, Lundeen, and Steinberg, 2004) and N = 4 (Walther et al., 2004) (see also other related experiments, Rarity et al., 1990b;Edamatsu et al., 2002;Sun et al., 2006;Nagata et al., 2007).”
From Multiphoton entanglement and interferometry (2012) · cites this paper as Walther et al., 2004
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“However, the experimental preparation of NOON states with large N is extremely challenging, and to date only N=3, 4 and 5 photonic NOON states have been reported2345.”
From Photonic polarization gears for ultra-sensitive angular measurements (2013) · cites this paper as [3]
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Citations
Cites
Measurement of subpicosecond time intervals between two photons by interference
Hong, C. K., Ou, Z. Y., & Mandel, L. (1987) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.59.2044 · Cited by 4,369
Die gegenw�rtige Situation in der Quantenmechanik
Schr�dinger, E. (1935) · Die Naturwissenschaften · doi:10.1007/bf01491891 · Cited by 3,392
New High-Intensity Source of Polarization-Entangled Photon Pairs
Kwiat, P. G., Mattle, K., Weinfurter, H., Zeilinger, A., Sergienko, A. V., & Shih, Y. (1995) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.75.4337 · Cited by 3,102
Self-citationQuantum Interferometric Optical Lithography: Exploiting Entanglement to Beat the Diffraction Limit
Boto, A. N., Kok, P., Abrams, D. S., Braunstein, S. L., Williams, C. P., & Dowling, J. P. (2000) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.85.2733 · Cited by 1,494
Wave–particle duality of C60 molecules
Arndt, M., Nairz, O., Voss-Andreae, J., Keller, C., van der Zouw, G., & Zeilinger, A. (1999) · Nature · doi:10.1038/44348 · Cited by 1,255
Self-citationOptimal frequency measurements with maximally correlated states
Bollinger, J. J., Itano, W. M., Wineland, D. J., & Heinzen, D. J. (1996) · Physical Review A · doi:10.1103/physreva.54.r4649 · Cited by 1,167
Shih, Y. H., & Alley, C. O. (1988) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.61.2921 · Cited by 917
Violation of Bell's Inequality and Classical Probability in a Two-Photon Correlation Experiment
Ou, Z. Y., & Mandel, L. (1988) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.61.50 · Cited by 879
Interferometric detection of optical phase shifts at the Heisenberg limit
Holland, M., & Burnett, K. R. (1993) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.71.1355 · Cited by 864
Keith, D. W., Ekstrom, C. R., Turchette, Q. A., et al. (1991) · Physical Review Letters · doi:10.1103/physrevlett.66.2693 · Cited by 583
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- Lee, H., Kok, P. & Dowling, J. P. in Proc. Sixth Int. Conf. on Quantum Communication, Measurement and Computing (eds Shapiro, J. H. & Hirota, O.) 223–229 (Rinton Press, Princeton, 2002)
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Degen, C. L., Reinhard, F., & Cappellaro, P. (2017) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.89.035002 · Cited by 4,045
Giovannetti, V., Lloyd, S., & Maccone, L. (2011) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/nphoton.2011.35 · Cited by 3,894
O'Brien, J. L., Furusawa, A., & Vučković, J. (2009) · Nature Photonics · doi:10.1038/nphoton.2009.229 · Cited by 2,388
Multiphoton entanglement and interferometry
Pan, J.-W., Chen, Z.-B., Lu, C.-Y., Weinfurter, H., Zeilinger, A., & Żukowski, M. (2012) · Reviews of Modern Physics · doi:10.1103/revmodphys.84.777 · Cited by 1,410
“A slight modification of the purification setup can be used for testing two-photon GHZ-type theorem (Chen et al., 2003; Yang et al., 2005) and measuring de Broglie wavelength of a non-local four-photon state (Walther et al., 2004), to mention a few.”
BackgroundMethodSelf-citationExperimental one-way quantum computing
Walther, P., Resch, K. J., Rudolph, T., Schenck, E., Weinfurter, H., Vedral, V., Aspelmeyer, M., & Zeilinger, A. (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature03347 · Cited by 1,273
“This method exploits a mode-and polarization-entangled four-photon state 26 produced in pulsed-pump spontaneous parametric down conversion (SPDC) (see Methods).”
MethodSelf-citation
Metadata
- Authors
- Walther, P., Pan, J.-W., Aspelmeyer, M., Ursin, R., Gasparoni, S., & Zeilinger, A.
- Affiliations
- University of Vienna (AT)
- Corresponding author
- Zeilinger, Anton
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2004-05
- Volume
- 429
- Issue
- 6988
- Pages
- 158-161
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W2092899947
- Semantic Scholar
- ea80019dc85701445960d76c6893f2b6a403c5dd
- Cited by
- 555
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 13 · 2025: 18 · 2024: 23 · 2023: 18 · 2022: 16 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 27 · 2019: 24 · 2018: 21 · 2017: 30 · 2016: 30 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 21 · 2013: 23 · 2012: 30
- FWCI
- 28.07
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- arxiv.org
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- arXiv (Cornell University)
- Topics
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Information and Cryptography
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum Mechanics and Applications
- Physical Sciences › Physics and Astronomy › Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics › Quantum optics and atomic interactions
- Keywords
- higher-order interference, mode entanglement, quantum metrology, quantum lithography, Heisenberg limit
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