Cited by 748Evolutionary Psychology and Human BehaviorEvolutionary Game Theory and CooperationAnimal Behavior and Reproduction

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The architecture of human kin detection

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Lieberman, Debra, Tooby, John, Cosmides, Leda·2007·Nature

DOI 10.1038/nature05510PMC PMC3581061

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Abstract

Evolved mechanisms for assessing genetic relatedness have been found in many species, but their existence in humans has been a matter of controversy. Here we report three converging lines of evidence, drawn from siblings, that support the hypothesis that kin detection mechanisms exist in humans. These operate by computing, for each familiar individual, a unitary regulatory variable (the kinship index) that corresponds to a pairwise estimate of genetic relatedness between self and other. The cues that the system uses were identified by quantitatively matching individual exposure to potential cues of relatedness to variation in three outputs relevant to the system's evolved functions: sibling altruism, aversion to personally engaging in sibling incest, and moral opposition to third party sibling incest. As predicted, the kin detection system uses two distinct, ancestrally valid cues to compute relatedness: the familiar other's perinatal association with the individual's biological mother, and duration of sibling coresidence.

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Authors: Lieberman, D., Tooby, J., & Cosmides, L.
Affiliations: University of Hawaiʻi at Mānoa (US)
University of California, Santa Barbara (US)
Corresponding author: Lieberman, Debra
ORCID: Lieberman, Debra
Tooby, John
Cosmides, Leda
Venue: Nature
Publisher: Springer Science and Business Media LLC
Published: 2007-02
Volume: 445
Issue: 7129
Pages: 727-731
ISSN: 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
1476-4687
DOI: 10.1038/nature05510
PMC: PMC3581061
OpenAlex: W2167697644
Cited by: 748
References: 47
Citations by year: 2026: 13 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 42 · 2023: 24 · 2022: 33 · 2021: 60 · 2020: 66 · 2019: 33 · 2018: 46 · 2017: 40 · 2016: 47 · 2015: 38 · 2014: 48 · 2013: 36 · 2012: 58
FWCI: 36.82
Type: journal article
Language: en
Open access: green
europepmc.org
Licence: www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
Locations: Nature (publishedVersion)
PubMed (publishedVersion)
Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
Funders: National Institutes of Health (DP1OD000516)
Topics: Social Sciences › Psychology › Experimental and Cognitive Psychology › Evolutionary Psychology and Human Behavior
Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
Keywords: genetic relatedness, inbreeding avoidance, human evolution, social cognition
MeSH terms: Adolescent, Adult, Altruism, Animals, Child, Child, Preschool, Cues, Data Collection, Humans, Incest, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Middle Aged, Models, Biological, Mothers, Sexual Behavior, Sibling Relations, Time Factors, Artifacts, Living Donors, Siblings, Heredity

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