The genetical evolution of social behaviour. I
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The slightest deviation from perfect genetic mixing and random reassortment could provide the required non-random distribution, hence there is no need for compartmentation and Wilson's model simplifies to any kin selection model fulfilling Hamilton's equation, which requires a larger-than-zero relatedness for an altruistic trait to increase its frequency.
“The slightest deviation from perfect genetic mixing and random reassortment could provide the required non-random distribution (for example, relatives tending to stay together) hence there is no need for compartmentation (physical separation) and Wilson’s model simplifies to any kin selection model fulfilling Hamilton’s equation [92], which requires a larger-than-zero relatedness for an altruistic”
From Ecology and Evolution in the RNA World Dynamics and Stability of Prebiotic Replicator Systems (2017) · cites this paper as [92]
Close aggregation of compartments allows metabolic products to diffuse within protocell populations, and such products and whole complexes of functional polymers can be mixed throughout the aggregate and benefit the entire population, enabling a mechanism to support inclusive fitness.
“Figure 8 (left) illustrates how the close aggregation of compartments allows metabolic products to diffuse within protocell populations. Such products, and whole complexes of functional polymers, can be mixed throughout the aggregate and thereby benefit the entire population, enabling a mechanism to support inclusive fitness (Hamilton, 1964).”
From The Hot Spring Hypothesis for an Origin of Life (2020) · cites this paper as Hamilton, 1964
Parental reproductive fitness is inclusive of both their own surviving children and those of subsequent generations.
“From an evolutionary perspective, parental reproductive fitness is 'inclusive' of both their own surviving children and those of subsequent generations (Hamilton, 1964).”
From Abandoning female genital mutilation/cutting (FGMC) is an emerging but costly parental investment strategy in rural Ethiopia. (2023) · cites this paper as Hamilton, 1964
Evolutionary theories emphasize kinship and reciprocity in helping.
“evolutionary theories emphasize kinship and reciprocity (42, 43)”
From Volunteerism as a multidimensional form of human prosocial engagement (2026) · cites this paper as [42]
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- Authors
- Hamilton, W. D.
- Affiliations
- University College London (GB)
- Corresponding author
- Hamilton, W.D.
- Venue
- Journal of Theoretical Biology
- Publisher
- Elsevier BV
- Published
- 1964-07
- Volume
- 7
- Issue
- 1
- Pages
- 1-16
- ISSN
- 0022-5193 (ISSN-L)
- OpenAlex
- W2063792498
- Cited by
- 15,725
- References
- 43
- Citations by year
- 2026: 210 · 2025: 271 · 2024: 306 · 2023: 369 · 2022: 352 · 2021: 610 · 2020: 546 · 2019: 522 · 2018: 543 · 2017: 525 · 2016: 624 · 2015: 622 · 2014: 608 · 2013: 590 · 2012: 594
- FWCI
- 36.05
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Locations
- Journal of Theoretical Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- Topics
- Social Sciences › Sociology and Political Science › Evolutionary Game Theory and Cooperation
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics › Animal Behavior and Reproduction
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Keywords
- inclusive fitness, evolution of social behavior, kin selection, Darwinian fitness, self-sacrifice, dispersal, sibships, selection ratio
- MeSH terms
- Behavior, Genetics, Humans, Models, Theoretical
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