The DOI matches its Crossref record; 34 of the 34 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Genome-wide detection and characterization of positive selection in human populations
Open accessAbstract
With the advent of dense maps of human genetic variation, it is now possible to detect positive natural selection across the human genome. Here we report an analysis of over 3 million polymorphisms from the International HapMap Project Phase 2 (HapMap2). We used 'long-range haplotype' methods, which were developed to identify alleles segregating in a population that have undergone recent selection, and we also developed new methods that are based on cross-population comparisons to discover alleles that have swept to near-fixation within a population. The analysis reveals more than 300 strong candidate regions. Focusing on the strongest 22 regions, we develop a heuristic for scrutinizing these regions to identify candidate targets of selection. In a complementary analysis, we identify 26 non-synonymous, coding, single nucleotide polymorphisms showing regional evidence of positive selection. Examination of these candidates highlights three cases in which two genes in a common biological process have apparently undergone positive selection in the same population:LARGE and DMD, both related to infection by the Lassa virus, in West Africa;SLC24A5 and SLC45A2, both involved in skin pigmentation, in Europe; and EDAR and EDA2R, both involved in development of hair follicles, in Asia.
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In the citing paper
“Recently, Sabeti et al.99,100 and Voight et al.101 developed computationally efficient methods for detecting evidence of selection in whole genomes and have applied those methods to the HapMap populations.”
From Linkage disequilibrium--understanding the evolutionary past and mapping the medical future. (2008) · cites this paper as [100]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Similar to other studies conducted in EUR [34, 35], we did not identify SNP-h2 enrichment for positive selection signatures in our EAS and EUR analyses (Additional file 1: Table S4).”
From Denisovan and Neanderthal archaic introgression differentially impacted the genetics of complex traits in modern populations (2022) · cites this paper as [35]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“The SLC30A9 gene (chr4: 41,990,502–42,090,461; GRCh38) has been repeatedly reported as a top candidate region for positive selection in several genome-wide scans of selection, mostly in East Asian populations [14,16–20].”
From Human genetic adaptation related to cellular zinc homeostasis (2023) · cites this paper as [19]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Most of these genes have geospatial patterns of genetic variation that are correlated with the geographic distribution of skin pigmentation and display strong evidence for selective sweeps in European and East Asian populations (Izagirre et al. 2006;McEvoy et al. 2006;Soejima et al. 2006;Voight et al. 2006;Lao et al. 2007;Myles et al. 2007;Norton et al. 2007;Sabeti et al. 2007;Williamson et al. 2”
From The timing of pigmentation lightening in Europeans (2013) · cites this paper as Sabeti et al. 2007
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredThe cited source says what the claim attributes to it.
In the citing paper
“A defined allelic variant of EDAR within these populations leads to a coding change in the death domain of EDAR and is a candidate allele for altered gene function that could have lead to the region being fixed in these populations [34].”
From Zebrafish eda and edar Mutants Reveal Conserved and Ancestral Roles of Ectodysplasin Signaling in Vertebrates (2008) · cites this paper as [34]
The check wasn’t confident either way, so it gives no verdict — never disputed.
In the citing paper
“However, similar to previous studies [34, 35], none of the positive-selection annotations tested was significant in the two populations tested.”
From Denisovan and Neanderthal archaic introgression differentially impacted the genetics of complex traits in modern populations (2022) · cites this paper as [35]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measuredIn the citing paper
“The strongest dietary adaptive signal in the human genome is the highly structured global distribution and extended homozygosity around the lactase persistence allele in European genomes35.”
From Genome flux and stasis in a five millennium transect of European prehistory (2014) · cites this paper as [35]
In the citing paper
“Selection on this variant was undoubtedly driven by dairying, but despite evidence for milk residues in ceramic vessels from a Körös context in the 6th millenium BC (ref. 36) this variant remains absent throughout the 10 Neolithic/Copper Age stages of our transect.”
From Genome flux and stasis in a five millennium transect of European prehistory (2014) · cites this paper as [35]
In the citing paper
“Selection coefficients are estimated over a defined period”
From Direct evidence for positive selection of skin, hair, and eye pigmentation in Europeans during the last 5,000 y (2014) · cites this paper as [1]
In the citing paper
“our approach is insensitive to the frequently unaccounted for uncertainties associated with allele age estimation using molecular or recombination clocks”
From Direct evidence for positive selection of skin, hair, and eye pigmentation in Europeans during the last 5,000 y (2014) · cites this paper as [1]
In the citing paper
“selection acting on standing variation can be accommodated”
From Direct evidence for positive selection of skin, hair, and eye pigmentation in Europeans during the last 5,000 y (2014) · cites this paper as [1]
In the citing paper
“Interestingly, the heritability of skin pigmentation is very low in Europeans (hg2 = 0.191; N = 1,231), which we think can be explained by reduced genetic variation at skin pigmentation loci due to strong positive selection for lighter skin in Europeans [17,21,38].”
From Investigating the case of human nose shape and climate adaptation (2017) · cites this paper as [38]
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Citations
Cites
A New Statistical Method for Haplotype Reconstruction from Population Data
Stephens, M., Smith, N. J. C., & Donnelly, P. (2001) · The American Journal of Human Genetics · doi:10.1086/319501 · Cited by 7,512
A haplotype map of the human genome
The International HapMap Consortium (2005) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature04226 · Cited by 5,858
Self-citationSimultaneous Statistical Inference
Miller, R. G. (1981) · Springer series in statistics · doi:10.1007/978-1-4613-8122-8 · Cited by 5,608
A second generation human haplotype map of over 3.1 million SNPs
The International HapMap Consortium (2007) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06258 · Cited by 4,438
Comparative Protein Structure Modeling of Genes and Genomes
Martí-Renom, M. A., Stuart, A. C., Fiser, A., Sánchez, R., Melo, F., & Šali, A. (2000) · Annual Review of Biophysics and Biomolecular Structure · doi:10.1146/annurev.biophys.29.1.291 · Cited by 3,169
A Map of Recent Positive Selection in the Human Genome
Voight, B. F., Kudaravalli, S., Wen, X., & Pritchard, J. K. (2006) · PLoS Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.0040072 · Cited by 2,925
Genetic Structure of Human Populations
Rosenberg, N. A., Pritchard, J. K., Weber, J. L., Cann, H. M., Kidd, K. K., Zhivotovsky, L. A., & Feldman, M. W. (2002) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1078311 · Cited by 2,222
Detecting recent positive selection in the human genome from haplotype structure
Sabeti, P. C., Reich, D. E., Higgins, J. M., Levine, H. Z. P., Richter, D. J., Schaffner, S. F., Gabriel, S. B., Platko, J. V., Patterson, N. J., McDonald, G. J., et al. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01140 · Cited by 2,106
Self-citationWidespread parallel evolution in sticklebacks by repeated fixation of Ectodysplasin alleles.
Colosimo, P. F., Hosemann, K. E., Balabhadra, S., Villarreal, G., Dickson, M., Grimwood, J., Schmutz, J., Myers, R. M., Schluter, D., & Kingsley, D. M. (2005) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1107239 · Cited by 1,448
ConSurf 2005: the projection of evolutionary conservation scores of residues on protein structures
Landau, M., Mayrose, I., Rosenberg, Y., Glaser, F., Martz, E., Pupko, T., & Ben‐Tal, N. (2005) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gki370 · Cited by 1,379
Research works printed but not linked: 1
- DeLano, W. L. MacPyMOL: A PyMOL-based Molecular Graphics Application for MacOS X. (DeLano Scientific LLC, Palo Alto, California, USA, 2007)
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Beissinger, T. M., Gholami, M., Erbe, M., Weigend, S., Weigend, A., de Leon, N., Gianola, D., & Simianer, H. (2016) · Heredity · doi:10.1038/hdy.2015.81 · Cited by 14
Human genetic adaptation related to cellular zinc homeostasis
Roca-Umbert, A., Garcia-Calleja, J., Vogel-González, M., Fierro-Villegas, A., Ill-Raga, G., Herrera-Fernández, V., Bosnjak, A., Muntané, G., Gutiérrez, E., Campelo, F., et al. (2023) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1010950 · Cited by 8
Metadata
- Authors
- The International HapMap Consortium, Sabeti, P. C., Varilly, P., Fry, B., Lohmueller, J., Hostetter, E., Cotsapas, C., Xie, X., Byrne, E. H., McCarroll, S. A., Gaudet, R., Schaffner, S. F., & Lander, E. S.
- Affiliations
- Broad Institute (US)
- Harvard University (US)
- ORCID
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2007-10
- Volume
- 449
- Issue
- 7164
- Pages
- 913-918
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC2687721
- OpenAlex
- W2156866331
- Cited by
- 2,131
- References
- 34
- Citations by year
- 2026: 96 · 2025: 106 · 2024: 155 · 2023: 98 · 2022: 129 · 2021: 154 · 2020: 125 · 2019: 104 · 2018: 138 · 2017: 109 · 2016: 92 · 2015: 119 · 2014: 100 · 2013: 95 · 2012: 106
- FWCI
- 53.01
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Carolina Digital Repository (University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill) (submittedVersion)
- Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- The HKU Scholars Hub (University of Hong Kong) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Wellcome Trust (081682, 077011, 077008, 077046)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Forensic and Genetic Research
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Genetic Associations and Epidemiology
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Evolution and Genetic Dynamics
- Keywords
- positive selection, natural selection, human genetic variation, cross-population comparison, non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms, Lassa virus, skin pigmentation, hair follicle development, LARGE, DMD, SLC24A5, SLC45A2, EDAR, EDA2R, candidate regions
- MeSH terms
- Gene Frequency, Genetics, Population, Geography, Haplotypes, Humans, Models, Molecular, Selection, Genetic, Genome, Human, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Antiporters, Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide, Edar Receptor
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