The DOI matches its Crossref record; 26 of the 26 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
HIV-1 adaptation to NK-cell-mediated immune pressure
Open accessAbstract
Natural killer (NK) cells have an important role in the control of viral infections, recognizing virally infected cells through a variety of activating and inhibitory receptors. Epidemiological and functional studies have recently suggested that NK cells can also contribute to the control of HIV-1 infection through recognition of virally infected cells by both activating and inhibitory killer immunoglobulin-like receptors (KIRs). However, it remains unknown whether NK cells can directly mediate antiviral immune pressure in vivo in humans. Here we describe KIR-associated amino-acid polymorphisms in the HIV-1 sequence of chronically infected individuals, on a population level. We show that these KIR-associated HIV-1 sequence polymorphisms can enhance the binding of inhibitory KIRs to HIV-1-infected CD4+ T cells, and reduce the antiviral activity of KIR-positive NK cells. These data demonstrate that KIR-positive NK cells can place immunological pressure on HIV-1, and that the virus can evade such NK-cell-mediated immune pressure by selecting for sequence polymorphisms, as was previously described for virus-specific T cells and neutralizing antibodies. NK cells might therefore have a previously underappreciated role in contributing to viral evolution.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Adachi, A., Gendelman, H. E., Koenig, S., Folks, T., Willey, R., Rabson, A., & Martin, M. A. (1986) · Journal of Virology · doi:10.1128/jvi.59.2.284-291.1986 · Cited by 2,834
Self-citationLanier, L. L. (2005) · Annual Review of Immunology · doi:10.1146/annurev.immunol.23.021704.115526 · Cited by 2,769
Up on the tightrope: natural killer cell activation and inhibition
Lanier, L. L. (2008) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni1581 · Cited by 1,656
CD107a as a functional marker for the identification of natural killer cell activity
Alter, G., Malenfant, J. M., & Altfeld, M. (2004) · Journal of Immunological Methods · doi:10.1016/j.jim.2004.08.008 · Cited by 1,410
Self-citationEpistatic interaction between KIR3DS1 and HLA-B delays the progression to AIDS
Martin, M. P., Gao, X., Lee, J.-H., Nelson, G. W., Detels, R., Goedert, J. J., Buchbinder, S., Hoots, K., Vlahov, D., Trowsdale, J., et al. (2002) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng934 · Cited by 1,189
Self-citationHLA and NK Cell Inhibitory Receptor Genes in Resolving Hepatitis C Virus Infection
Khakoo, S. I., Thio, C. L., Martin, M. P., Brooks, C. R., Gao, X., Astemborski, J., Cheng, J., Goedert, J. J., Vlahov, D., Hilgartner, M., et al. (2004) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1097670 · Cited by 1,179
Self-citationInnate partnership of HLA-B and KIR3DL1 subtypes against HIV-1
Martin, M. P., Qi, Y., Gao, X., Yamada, E., Martin, J. N., Pereyra, F., Colombo, S., Brown, E. E., Shupert, W. L., Phair, J., et al. (2007) · Nature Genetics · doi:10.1038/ng2035 · Cited by 750
Self-citationHIV and SIV CTL escape: implications for vaccine design
Goulder, P. J. R., & Watkins, D. I. (2004) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/nri1417 · Cited by 500
Alter, G., Martin, M. P., Teigen, N., Carr, W. H., Suscovich, T. J., Schneidewind, A., Streeck, H., Waring, M., Meier, A., Brander, C., et al. (2007) · The Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20070695 · Cited by 455
Self-citationRecognition of peptide–MHC class I complexes by activating killer immunoglobulin-like receptors
Stewart, C. A., Laugier-Anfossi, F., Vély, F., Saulquin, X., Riedmuller, J., Tisserant, A., Gauthier, L., Romagné, F., Ferracci, G., Arosa, F. A., et al. (2005) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.0503594102 · Cited by 406
Cited by
Domingo, E., Sheldon, J., & Perales, C. (2012) · Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews · doi:10.1128/mmbr.05023-11 · Cited by 1,009
Natural killer cells act as rheostats modulating antiviral T cells
Waggoner, S. N., Cornberg, M., Selin, L. K., & Welsh, R. M. (2012) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature10624 · Cited by 607
Yan, N., & Chen, Z. J. (2012) · Nature Immunology · doi:10.1038/ni.2229 · Cited by 532
Natural killer cells in antiviral immunity
Björkström, N. K., Strunz, B., & Ljunggren, H.-G. (2022) · Nature Reviews Immunology · doi:10.1038/s41577-021-00558-3 · Cited by 503
Up-regulation of a death receptor renders antiviral T cells susceptible to NK cell–mediated deletion
Peppa, D., Gill, U. S., Reynolds, G., Easom, N. J. W., Pallett, L. J., Schurich, A., Micco, L., Nebbia, G., Singh, H. D., Adams, D. H., et al. (2013) · Journal of Experimental Medicine · doi:10.1084/jem.20121172 · Cited by 342
Metadata
- Authors
- Alter, G., Heckerman, D., Schneidewind, A., Fadda, L., Kadie, C. M., Carlson, J. M., Oniangue-Ndza, C., Martin, M., Li, B., Khakoo, S. I., Carrington, M., Allen, T. M., & Altfeld, M.
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2011-08
- Volume
- 476
- Issue
- 7358
- Pages
- 96-100
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- OpenAlex
- W1993071851
- Cited by
- 347
- References
- 26
- FWCI
- 15.34
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
How to cite
Cite CoChat for the checks on this page, and the paper for its own findings.
- This page
- CoChat. (2026). Citation check: HIV-1 adaptation to NK-cell-mediated immune pressure. https://app.cochat.ai/papers/10.1038/nature10237
- The paper
- Alter, G., Heckerman, D., Schneidewind, A., Fadda, L., Kadie, C. M., Carlson, J. M., Oniangue-Ndza, C., Martin, M., Li, B., Khakoo, S. I., Carrington, M., Allen, T. M., & Altfeld, M. (2011). HIV-1 adaptation to NK-cell-mediated immune pressure. Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature10237
Data sources
Bibliographic data: Semantic Scholar, OpenAlex, Crossref.
Contains information from the Semantic Scholar Academic Graph Datasets, made available under the ODC Attribution License (ODC-BY 1.0).
Semantic Scholar’s data is described in: Kinney, R., et al. (2023). The Semantic Scholar Open Data Platform. arXiv:2301.10140.