Cited by 208Protein Structure and DynamicsNuclear Receptors and SignalingGenomics and Chromatin Dynamics

Multidomain integration in the structure of the HNF-4α nuclear receptor complex

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Chandra, Vikas, Huang, Pengxiang, Potluri, Nalini, Wu, Dalei, Kim, Youngchang, Rastinejad, Fraydoon·2013·Nature

Abstract

The hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α (HNF-4α; also known as NR2A1) is a member of the nuclear receptor (NR) family of transcription factors, which have conserved DNA-binding domains and ligand-binding domains. HNF-4α is the most abundant DNA-binding protein in the liver, where some 40% of the actively transcribed genes have a HNF-4α response element. These regulated genes are largely involved in the hepatic gluconeogenic program and lipid metabolism. In the pancreas HNF-4α is also a master regulator, controlling an estimated 11% of islet genes. HNF-4α protein mutations are linked to maturity-onset diabetes of the young, type 1 (MODY1) and hyperinsulinaemic hypoglycaemia. Previous structural analyses of NRs, although productive in elucidating the structure of individual domains, have lagged behind in revealing the connectivity patterns of NR domains. Here we describe the 2.9 Å crystal structure of the multidomain human HNF-4α homodimer bound to its DNA response element and coactivator-derived peptides. A convergence zone connects multiple receptor domains in an asymmetric fashion, joining distinct elements from each monomer. An arginine target of PRMT1 methylation protrudes directly into this convergence zone and sustains its integrity. A serine target of protein kinase C is also responsible for maintaining domain-domain interactions. These post-translational modifications lead to changes in DNA binding by communicating through the tightly connected surfaces of the quaternary fold. We find that some MODY1 mutations, positioned on the ligand-binding domain and hinge regions of the receptor, compromise DNA binding at a distance by communicating through the interjunctional surfaces of the complex. The overall domain representation of the HNF-4α homodimer is different from that of the PPAR-γ-RXR-α heterodimer, even when both NR complexes are assembled on the same DNA element. Our findings suggest that unique quaternary folds and interdomain connections in NRs could be exploited by small-molecule allosteric modulators that affect distal functions in these polypeptides.

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Crossref · 10.1038/nature11966

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  • The LBD-DBD domain arrangement is similar to the HNF4α dimer and different from the non-symmetric PPARγ-RXRα dimer or the X-shape LBD-DBD crossing arrangement in the RXRα-LXRβ dimer.

    “This LBD-DBD domain arrangement is similar to the HNF4α dimer that was solved by X-ray crystallography (Chandra et al., 2013), which is different from the non-symmetric PPARγ-RXRα dimer (Chandra et al., 2008) or the X-shape LBD-DBD crossing arrangement in RXRα-LXRβ dimer (Lou et al., 2014).”
  • Previously published full-length nuclear hormone receptor structures do not present NTD information.

    “Previously published full-length nuclear hormone receptor structures (Chandra et al., 2008; Chandra et al., 2013; Lou et al., 2014; Orlov et al., 2012) also do not present any NTD information.”

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Authors
Chandra, V., Huang, P., Potluri, N., Wu, D., Kim, Y., & Rastinejad, F.
Affiliations
  • Sanford Burnham Prebys Medical Discovery Institute (US)
  • Argonne National Laboratory (US)
Corresponding author
Rastinejad, Fraydoon
Venue
Nature
Published
2013-03
Volume
495
Issue
7441
Pages
394-398
ISSN
  • 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
  • 1476-4687
OpenAlex
W2025155497
Cited by
206
References
28
Citations by year
2026: 12 · 2025: 16 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 19 · 2022: 18 · 2021: 11 · 2020: 17 · 2019: 14 · 2018: 15 · 2017: 10 · 2016: 17 · 2015: 20 · 2014: 16 · 2013: 10
FWCI
9.41
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
Locations
  • Nature (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
  • Europe PMC (PubMed Central) (acceptedVersion)
  • PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
  • RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
  • Lirias (submittedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health
  • National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (R01DK097475, R01DK094147)
Topics
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Protein Structure and Dynamics
  • Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Nuclear Receptors and Signaling
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
Keywords
HNF4α, nuclear receptors, DNA response elements, coactivator peptide, homodimer, protein kinase C phosphorylation, post-translational modification, maturity-onset diabetes of the young, transcriptional regulation
MeSH terms
Humans, Hypoglycemia, Models, Molecular, Mutation, Protein Binding, Point Mutation, Protein Structure, Tertiary, Protein Structure, Quaternary, Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4

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