The DOI matches its Crossref record; 78 of the 78 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
A heterochromatin-dependent transcription machinery drives piRNA expression
Open accessAbstract
Nuclear small RNA pathways safeguard genome integrity by establishing transcription-repressing heterochromatin at transposable elements. This inevitably also targets the transposon-rich source loci of the small RNAs themselves. How small RNA source loci are efficiently transcribed while transposon promoters are potently silenced is not understood. Here we show that, in Drosophila, transcription of PIWI-interacting RNA (piRNA) clusters-small RNA source loci in animal gonads-is enforced through RNA polymerase II pre-initiation complex formation within repressive heterochromatin. This is accomplished through Moonshiner, a paralogue of a basal transcription factor IIA (TFIIA) subunit, which is recruited to piRNA clusters via the heterochromatin protein-1 variant Rhino. Moonshiner triggers transcription initiation within piRNA clusters by recruiting the TATA-box binding protein (TBP)-related factor TRF2, an animal TFIID core variant. Thus, transcription of heterochromatic small RNA source loci relies on direct recruitment of the core transcriptional machinery to DNA via histone marks rather than sequence motifs, a concept that we argue is a recurring theme in evolution.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
The source backs part of the claim, not all of it — or backs it for a different population, condition or comparison.
In the citing paper
“Based on current understanding, cells have two layers of defense against potentially deleterious transposable element activation: 1) Transposable element transcription is limited by heterochromatin-mediated silencing, and 2) Transposable element transcripts are cleared from the cell by piRNA-mediated degradation”
From Pathogenic tau-induced piRNA depletion promotes neuronal death through transposable element dysregulation in neurodegenerative tauopathies (2018) · cites this paper as [39]
Experimental — accuracy not yet measured
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
Gapped BLAST and PSI-BLAST: a new generation of protein database search programs
Altschul, S. (1997) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/25.17.3389 · Cited by 73,302
Fiji: an open-source platform for biological-image analysis
Schindelin, J., Arganda-Carreras, I., Frise, E., Kaynig, V., Longair, M., Pietzsch, T., Preibisch, S., Rueden, C., Saalfeld, S., Schmid, B., et al. (2012) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.2019 · Cited by 66,890
STAR: ultrafast universal RNA-seq aligner
Dobin, A., Davis, C. A., Schlesinger, F., Drenkow, J., Zaleski, C., Jha, S., Batut, P., Chaisson, M., & Gingeras, T. R. (2013) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/bts635 · Cited by 51,709
limma powers differential expression analyses for RNA-sequencing and microarray studies
Ritchie, M. E., Phipson, B., Wu, D., Hu, Y., Law, C. W., Shi, W., & Smyth, G. K. (2015) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkv007 · Cited by 40,458
Wickham, H. (2016) · Use R! · doi:10.1007/978-3-319-24277-4 · Cited by 34,873
A Programmable Dual-RNA–Guided DNA Endonuclease in Adaptive Bacterial Immunity
Jinek, M., Chylinski, K., Fonfara, I., Hauer, M., Doudna, J. A., & Charpentier, E. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1225829 · Cited by 17,116
Salmon provides fast and bias-aware quantification of transcript expression
Patro, R., Duggal, G., Love, M. I., Irizarry, R. A., & Kingsford, C. (2017) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.4197 · Cited by 12,700
The Human Genome Browser at UCSC
Kent, W. J., Sugnet, C. W., Furey, T. S., Roskin, K. M., Pringle, T. H., Zahler, A. M., & Haussler, A. D. (2002) · Genome Research · doi:10.1101/gr.229102 · Cited by 10,400
Jalview Version 2—a multiple sequence alignment editor and analysis workbench
Waterhouse, A. M., Procter, J. B., Martin, D. M. A., Clamp, M. E., & Barton, G. J. (2009) · Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btp033 · Cited by 10,349
Accelerated Profile HMM Searches
Eddy, S. R. (2011) · PLoS Computational Biology · doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1002195 · Cited by 6,975
Recent developments in the MAFFT multiple sequence alignment program
Katoh, K., & Toh, H. (2008) · Briefings in Bioinformatics · doi:10.1093/bib/bbn013 · Cited by 3,629
2016 update of the PRIDE database and its related tools
Vizcaíno, J. A., Csordás, A., del‐Toro, N., Dianes, J. A., Griss, J., Lavidas, I., Mayer, G., Pérez‐Riverol, Y., Reisinger, F., Ternent, T., et al. (2015) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkv1145 · Cited by 3,466
Reshaping Data with the reshape Package
Wickham, H. (2007) · Journal of Statistical Software · doi:10.18637/jss.v021.i12 · Cited by 3,251
Discrete Small RNA-Generating Loci as Master Regulators of Transposon Activity in Drosophila
Brennecke, J., Aravin, A. A., Stark, A., Dus, M., Kellis, M., Sachidanandam, R., & Hannon, G. J. (2007) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2007.01.043 · Cited by 2,524
Self-citationThe Jpred 3 secondary structure prediction server
Cole, C., Barber, J. D., & Barton, G. J. (2008) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkn238 · Cited by 1,432
PIWI-interacting small RNAs: the vanguard of genome defence
Siomi, M. C., Sato, K., Pezic, D., & Aravin, A. A. (2011) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm3089 · Cited by 1,319
A Slicer-Mediated Mechanism for Repeat-Associated siRNA 5' End Formation in Drosophila
Gunawardane, L. S., Saito, K., Nishida, K. M., Miyoshi, K., Kawamura, Y., Nagami, T., Siomi, H., & Siomi, M. C. (2007) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1140494 · Cited by 1,173
RNA-mediated epigenetic regulation of gene expression
Holoch, D., & Moazed, D. (2015) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg3863 · Cited by 1,039
Five intermediate complexes in transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II
Buratowski, S., Hahn, S., Guarente, L., & Sharp, P. A. (1989) · Cell · doi:10.1016/0092-8674(89)90578-3 · Cited by 1,027
RNA interference in the nucleus: roles for small RNAs in transcription, epigenetics and beyond
Castel, S. E., & Martienssen, R. A. (2013) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/nrg3355 · Cited by 963
A genome-scale shRNA resource for transgenic RNAi in Drosophila
Ni, J.-Q., Zhou, R., Czech, B., Liu, L., Holderbaum, L., Yang‐Zhou, D., Shim, H.-S., Tao, R., Handler, D., Karpowicz, P. A., et al. (2011) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.1592 · Cited by 797
Self-citation[33] Analysis of compositionally biased regions in sequence databases
Wootton, J. C., & Federhen, S. (1996) · Methods in enzymology on CD-ROM/Methods in enzymology · doi:10.1016/s0076-6879(96)66035-2 · Cited by 745
Diversity and dynamics of the Drosophila transcriptome
Brown, J., Boley, N. P., Eisman, R. C., May, G. E., Stoiber, M. H., Duff, M. O., Booth, B. W., Wen, J., Park, S. H., Suzuki, A. M., et al. (2014) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12962 · Cited by 737
Chromatin immunoprecipitation and microarray-based analysis of protein location
Lee, T. I., Johnstone, S. E., & Young, R. A. (2006) · Nature Protocols · doi:10.1038/nprot.2006.98 · Cited by 735
Targeting and tracing antigens in live cells with fluorescent nanobodies
Rothbauer, U., Zolghadr, K., Tillib, S. V., Nowak, D., Schermelleh, L., Gahl, A., Backmann, N., Conrath, K., Muyldermans, S., Cardoso, M. C., et al. (2006) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth953 · Cited by 715
Transposable Elements, Epigenetics, and Genome Evolution
Fedoroff, N. V. (2012) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.338.6108.758 · Cited by 634
One Loop to Rule Them All: The Ping-Pong Cycle and piRNA-Guided Silencing
Czech, B., & Hannon, G. J. (2016) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2015.12.008 · Cited by 513
MS Amanda, a Universal Identification Algorithm Optimized for High Accuracy Tandem Mass Spectra
Dorfer, V., Pichler, P., Stranzl, T., Stadlmann, J., Taus, T., Winkler, S., & Mechtler, K. (2014) · Journal of Proteome Research · doi:10.1021/pr500202e · Cited by 485
Klattenhoff, C., Xi, H. S., Li, C., Lee, S., Xu, J. L., Khurana, J. S., Zhang, F., Schultz, N., Koppetsch, B. S., Nowosielska, A., et al. (2009) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2009.07.014 · Cited by 472
Nechaev, S., Fargo, D. C., dos Santos, G., Liu, L., Gao, Y., & Adelman, K. (2010) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1181421 · Cited by 424
Raney, B. J., Dreszer, T. R., Barber, G. P., Clawson, H., Fujita, P. A., Wang, T., Nguyen, N., Paten, B., Zweig, A., Karolchik, D., et al. (2013) · Bioinform. · doi:10.1093/bioinformatics/btt637 · Cited by 422
Mohn, F., Sienski, G., Handler, D., & Brennecke, J. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.04.031 · Cited by 417
Self-citationPolymerase IV occupancy at RNA-directed DNA methylation sites requires SHH1
Law, J. A., Du, J., Hale, C. J., Feng, S., Krajewski, K., Palanca, A. M. S., Strahl, B. D., Patel, D. J., & Jacobsen, S. E. (2013) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature12178 · Cited by 406
Structural basis of transcription initiation by RNA polymerase II
Sainsbury, S., Bernecky, C., & Cramer, P. (2015) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/nrm3952 · Cited by 397
Versatile P[acman] BAC libraries for transgenesis studies in Drosophila melanogaster
Venken, K. J. T., Carlson, J. W., Schulze, K. L., Pan, H., He, Y., Spokony, R. F., Wan, K. H., Koriabine, M., de Jong, P. J., White, K. P., et al. (2009) · Nature Methods · doi:10.1038/nmeth.1331 · Cited by 394
Cell cycle control of centromeric repeat transcription and heterochromatin assembly
Chen, E. S., Zhang, K., Nicolas, E., Cam, H. P., Zofall, M., & Grewal, S. I. S. (2008) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature06561 · Cited by 356
Crystal structure of a yeast TFIIA/TBP/DNA complex
Tan, S., Hunziker, Y., Sargent, D. F., & Richmond, T. J. (1996) · Nature · doi:10.1038/381127a0 · Cited by 312
A One Precursor One siRNA Model for Pol IV-Dependent siRNA Biogenesis
Zhai, J., Bischof, S., Wang, H., Feng, S., Lee, T., Teng, C., Chen, X., Park, S. Y., Liu, L., Gallego‐Bartolomé, J., et al. (2015) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2015.09.032 · Cited by 289
Czech, B., Preall, J. B., McGinn, J., & Hannon, G. J. (2013) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2013.04.007 · Cited by 269
Crystal Structure of the Yeast TFIIA/TBP/DNA Complex
Geiger, J. H., Hahn, S., Lee, S., & Sigler, P. B. (1996) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.272.5263.830 · Cited by 263
Thomas, A. L., Stuwe, E., Li, S., Du, J., Marinov, G. K., Rozhkov, N. V., Chen, Y.-C. A., Luo, Y., Sachidanandam, R., Tóth, K. F., et al. (2014) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.245514.114 · Cited by 263
The HP1 Homolog Rhino Anchors a Nuclear Complex that Suppresses piRNA Precursor Splicing
Zhang, Z., Wang, J., Schultz, N., Zhang, F., Parhad, S. S., Tu, S., Vreven, T., Zamore, P. D., Weng, Z., & Theurkauf, W. E. (2014) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2014.04.030 · Cited by 258
Identification and remediation of biases in the activity of RNA ligases in small-RNA deep sequencing
Jayaprakash, A. D., Jabado, O., Brown, B. D., & Sachidanandam, R. (2011) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkr693 · Cited by 256
Direct recognition of initiator elements by a component of the transcription factor IID complex.Preprint
Kaufmann, J., & Smale, S. T. (1994) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.8.7.821 · Cited by 252
Sarot, E., Payen-Groschêne, G., Bucheton, A., & Pélisson, A. (2004) · Genetics · doi:10.1534/genetics.166.3.1313 · Cited by 251
The Genetic Makeup of the Drosophila piRNA Pathway
Handler, D., Meixner, K., Pizka, M., Lauss, K., Schmied, C., Gruber, F. S., & Brennecke, J. (2013) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2013.04.031 · Cited by 244
Self-citationRNA Interference Guides Histone Modification during the S Phase of Chromosomal Replication
Kloc, A., Zaratiegui, M., Nora, E. P., & Martienssen, R. A. (2008) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/j.cub.2008.03.016 · Cited by 242
Law, J. A., Vashisht, A., Wohlschlegel, J., & Jacobsen, S. (2011) · PLoS Genetics · doi:10.1371/journal.pgen.1002195 · Cited by 233
UAP56 Couples piRNA Clusters to the Perinuclear Transposon Silencing Machinery
Zhang, F., Wang, J., Xu, J. L., Zhang, Z., Koppetsch, B. S., Schultz, N., Vreven, T., Meignin, C., Davis, I., Zamore, P. D., et al. (2012) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.09.040 · Cited by 229
Gu, W., Lee, H.-C., Chaves, D. A., Youngman, E. M., Pazour, G. J., Conte, D., & Mello, C. C. (2012) · Cell · doi:10.1016/j.cell.2012.11.023 · Cited by 219
Lieberman, P., & Berk, A. J. (1994) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.8.9.995 · Cited by 217
TRF2 associates with DREF and directs promoter-selective gene expression in Drosophila
Hochheimer, A., Zhou, S., Zheng, S., Holmes, M. C., & Tjian, R. (2002) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature01167 · Cited by 213
Purnell, B. A., Emanuel, P. A., & Gilmour, D. S. (1994) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.8.7.830 · Cited by 206
Transcriptional regulators form diverse groups with context-dependent regulatory functions
Stampfel, G., Kazmar, T., Frank, O., Wienerroither, S., Reiter, F., & Stark, A. (2015) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature15545 · Cited by 203
Late Arrest of Spermiogenesis and Germ Cell Apoptosis in Mice Lacking the TBP-like TLF/TRF2 Gene
Martianov, I., Fimia, G. M., Dierich, A., Parvinen, M., Sassone‐Corsi, P., & Davidson, I. (2001) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(01)00198-8 · Cited by 202
Spermiogenesis Deficiency in Mice Lacking the Trf2 Gene
Zhang, D., Penttilä, T., Morris, P. L., Teichmann, M., & Roeder, R. G. (2001) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.1059188 · Cited by 181
Schmitz, M. L., Stelzer, G., Altmann, H., Meisterernst, M., & Baeuerle, P. A. (1995) · Journal of Biological Chemistry · doi:10.1074/jbc.270.13.7219 · Cited by 158
Kobayashi, N., Boyer, T., & Berk, A. J. (1995) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.15.11.6465 · Cited by 156
Cutoff Suppresses RNA Polymerase II Termination to Ensure Expression of piRNA Precursors
Chen, Y.-C. A., Stuwe, E., Luo, Y., Ninova, M., Thomas, A. L., Rozhavskaya, E., Li, S., Vempati, S., Laver, J. D., Patel, D. J., et al. (2016) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/j.molcel.2016.05.010 · Cited by 146
Transcriptional properties and splicing of the flamenco piRNA cluster
Goriaux, C., Desset, S., Renaud, Y., Vaury, C., & Brasset, É. (2014) · EMBO Reports · doi:10.1002/embr.201337898 · Cited by 136
Distinct Roles for TBP and TBP-Like Factor in Early Embryonic Gene Transcription in Xenopus
Veenstra, G. J. C., Weeks, D. L., & Wolffe, A. P. (2000) · Science · doi:10.1126/science.290.5500.2312 · Cited by 133
Kaltenbach, L. S., Horner, M. A., Rothman, J. H., & Mango, S. E. (2000) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)00068-x · Cited by 122
Martianov, I., Brancorsini, S., Gansmüller, A., Parvinen, M., Davidson, I., & Sassone‐Corsi, P. (2002) · Development · doi:10.1242/dev.129.4.945 · Cited by 120
Efficient CRISPR/Cas9 Plasmids for Rapid and Versatile Genome Editing in Drosophila
Gokcezade, J., Sienski, G., & Duchek, P. (2014) · G3 Genes Genomes Genetics · doi:10.1534/g3.114.014126 · Cited by 116
Transcription of histone gene cluster by differential core-promoter factorsPreprint
Isogai, Y., Keleş, S., Prestel, M., Hochheimer, A., & Tjian, R. (2007) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.1608807 · Cited by 114
TBP is not universally required for zygotic RNA polymerase II transcription in zebrafish
Müller, F., Lakatos, L., Dantonel, J.-C., Strähle, U., & Tora, L. (2001) · Current Biology · doi:10.1016/s0960-9822(01)00076-8 · Cited by 107
Drosophila TFIIA directs cooperative DNA binding with TBP and mediates transcriptional activation.Preprint
Yokomori, K., Zeidler, M. P., Chen, J., Verrijzer, C. P., Mlodzik, M., & Tjian, R. (1994) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.8.19.2313 · Cited by 107
TBP-like Factor Is Required for Embryonic RNA Polymerase II Transcription in C. elegans
Dantonel, J.-C., Quintin, S., Lakatos, L., Labouesse, M., & Tora, L. (2000) · Molecular Cell · doi:10.1016/s1097-2765(00)00069-1 · Cited by 103
Hur, J. K., Luo, Y., Moon, S., Ninova, M., Marinov, G. K., Chung, Y. D., & Aravin, A. A. (2016) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.276030.115 · Cited by 84
Genes Encoding Drosophila melanogaster RNA Polymerase II General Transcription Factors
Aoyagi, N., & Wassarman, D. A. (2000) · The Journal of Cell Biology · doi:10.1083/jcb.150.2.f45 · Cited by 84
TFIIA and the transactivator Rap1 cooperate to commit TFIID for transcription initiation
Pápai, G., Tripathi, M. K., Ruhlmann, C., Layer, J. H., Weil, P. A., & Schultz, P. (2010) · Nature · doi:10.1038/nature09080 · Cited by 77
Methods for Homologous Recombination in Drosophila
Maggert, K. A., Gong, W. J., & Golic, K. G. (2008) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-59745-583-1_9 · Cited by 60
Kopytova, D. V., Краснов, А. Н., Kopantceva, M. R., Nabirochkina, E. N., Nikolenko, J. V., Maksimenko, O. G., Куршакова, М. М., Lebedeva, L. A., Erokhin, M., Simonova, O. B., et al. (2006) · Molecular and Cellular Biology · doi:10.1128/mcb.00349-06 · Cited by 56
TRF2 and the evolution of the bilateriaPreprint
Duttke, S. H. C., Doolittle, R. F., Wang, Y., & Kadonaga, J. T. (2014) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.250563.114 · Cited by 38
Cleavage of TFIIA by Taspase1 Activates TRF2-Specified Mammalian Male Germ Cell Programs
Oyama, T., Sasagawa, S., Takeda, S., Hess, R. A., Lieberman, P. M., Cheng, E. H. Y., & Hsieh, J. J.-D. (2013) · Developmental Cell · doi:10.1016/j.devcel.2013.09.025 · Cited by 35
Martianov, I., Velt, A., Davidson, G., Choukrallah, M.-A., & Davidson, I. (2016) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/srep32069 · Cited by 26
Drosophila TFIIA-S is up-regulated and required during Ras-mediated photoreceptor determination.Preprint
Zeidler, M. P., Yokomori, K., Tjian, R., & Mlodzik, M. (1996) · Genes & Development · doi:10.1101/gad.10.1.50 · Cited by 23
TIPT, a male germ cell-specific partner of TRF2, is chromatin-associated and interacts with HP1
Brancorsini, S., Davidson, I., & Sassone‐Corsi, P. (2008) · Cell Cycle · doi:10.4161/cc.7.10.5835 · Cited by 8
Cited by
Sorted by citations
PIWI-interacting RNAs: small RNAs with big functions
Özata, D. M., Gainetdinov, I. V., Zoch, A., O’Carroll, D., & Zamore, P. D. (2018) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-018-0073-3 · Cited by 1,196
Eukaryotic core promoters and the functional basis of transcription initiation
Haberle, V., & Stark, A. (2018) · Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology · doi:10.1038/s41580-018-0028-8 · Cited by 774
Organization and regulation of gene transcription
Cramer, P. (2019) · Nature · doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1517-4 · Cited by 793
Molecular mechanisms of transgenerational epigenetic inheritance
Fitz-James, M. H., & Cavalli, G. (2022) · Nature Reviews Genetics · doi:10.1038/s41576-021-00438-5 · Cited by 589
piRNA-Guided Genome Defense: From Biogenesis to Silencing
Czech, B., Munafò, M., Ciabrelli, F., Eastwood, E. L., Fabry, M., Kneuss, E., & Hannon, G. J. (2018) · Annual Review of Genetics · doi:10.1146/annurev-genet-120417-031441 · Cited by 569
Metadata
- Authors
- Andersen, P. R., Tirian, L., Vunjak, M., & Brennecke, J.
- Affiliations
- Institute of Molecular Biotechnology (AT)
- Corresponding author
- Andersen, Peter Refsing
- Brennecke, Julius
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2017-08-23
- Volume
- 549
- Issue
- 7670
- Pages
- 54-59
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC5590728
- OpenAlex
- W2748864067
- Cited by
- 280
- References
- 78
- Citations by year
- 2026: 20 · 2025: 32 · 2024: 39 · 2023: 37 · 2022: 21 · 2021: 35 · 2020: 25 · 2019: 37 · 2018: 27 · 2017: 6
- FWCI
- 10.62
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- Novo Nordisk Fonden (NNF14OC0009189)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Genomics and Chromatin Dynamics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Genetics › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Keywords
- piRNA, heterochromatin, rhinoceros, HP1, TRF2, TFIID, transposon silencing, germline, Drosophila, histone modifications, genome stability
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone, DNA Transposable Elements, Drosophila melanogaster, Female, Multigene Family, Heterochromatin, Promoter Regions, Genetic, RNA Polymerase II, Transcription, Genetic, Gene Silencing, Drosophila Proteins, RNA, Small Interfering, Telomeric Repeat Binding Protein 2, Transcription Factor TFIIA, Transcription Initiation, Genetic
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review
