PIWI-interacting small RNAs: the vanguard of genome defence
Abstract
PIWI-interacting RNAs (piRNAs) are a distinct class of small non-coding RNAs that form the piRNA-induced silencing complex (piRISC) in the germ line of many animal species. The piRISC protects the integrity of the genome from invasion by 'genomic parasites'--transposable elements--by silencing them. Owing to their limited expression in gonads and their sequence diversity, piRNAs have been the most mysterious class of small non-coding RNAs regulating RNA silencing. Now, much progress is being made into our understanding of their biogenesis and molecular functions, including the specific subcellular compartmentalization of the piRNA pathway in granular cytoplasmic bodies.
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The function of piwi in regard to piRNA production and transposable element silencing is well established in the germline.
“While the function of piwi in regard to piRNA production and transposable element silencing is well established in the germline29, and piRNAs are known to exist in the Drosophila and mammalian brain30,31, it is currently unknown if piwi reduction affects transposable element transcripts in the brain.”
From Pathogenic tau-induced piRNA depletion promotes neuronal death through transposable element dysregulation in neurodegenerative tauopathies (2018) · cites this paper as [29]
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- Authors
- Siomi, M. C., Sato, K., Pezic, D., & Aravin, A. A.
- Affiliations
- Keio University (JP)
- California Institute of Technology (US)
- Corresponding author
- Siomi, Mikiko C.
- Aravin, Alexei A.
- Venue
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology
- Published
- 2011-03-23
- Volume
- 12
- Issue
- 4
- Pages
- 246-258
- ISSN
- 1471-0072 (ISSN-L)
- 1471-0080
- OpenAlex
- W2118420574
- Cited by
- 1,319
- References
- 3
- Citations by year
- 2026: 40 · 2025: 71 · 2024: 52 · 2023: 57 · 2022: 82 · 2021: 88 · 2020: 95 · 2019: 82 · 2018: 93 · 2017: 90 · 2016: 119 · 2015: 103 · 2014: 104 · 2013: 104 · 2012: 103
- FWCI
- 11.24
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- closed
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Reviews Molecular Cell Biology (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- CaltechAUTHORS (California Institute of Technology) (submittedVersion)
- UCL Discovery (University College London) (submittedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institutes of Health (1dp2od007371-01)
- Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (R00HD057233)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Agricultural and Biological Sciences › Plant Science › Chromosomal and Genetic Variations
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › RNA Interference and Gene Delivery
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Epigenetics and DNA Methylation
- Keywords
- piRNA, transposon silencing, RNA silencing, small RNA, piRNA biogenesis, germline, subcellular compartmentalization
- MeSH terms
- Animals, DNA Transposable Elements, Models, Genetic, Mutagenesis, Insertional, Genome, RNA Interference, RNA, Small Interfering, RNA, Small Untranslated
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