The DOI matches its Crossref record; 33 of the 33 references it cites were found in a registry or an index.
Structures of β-klotho reveal a ‘zip code’-like mechanism for endocrine FGF signalling
Open accessAbstract
Canonical fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) activate FGF receptors (FGFRs) through paracrine or autocrine mechanisms in a process that requires cooperation with heparan sulfate proteoglycans, which function as co-receptors for FGFR activation. By contrast, endocrine FGFs (FGF19, FGF21 and FGF23) are circulating hormones that regulate critical metabolic processes in a variety of tissues. FGF19 regulates bile acid synthesis and lipogenesis, whereas FGF21 stimulates insulin sensitivity, energy expenditure and weight loss. Endocrine FGFs signal through FGFRs in a manner that requires klothos, which are cell-surface proteins that possess tandem glycosidase domains. Here we describe the crystal structures of free and ligand-bound β-klotho extracellular regions that reveal the molecular mechanism that underlies the specificity of FGF21 towards β-klotho and demonstrate how the FGFR is activated in a klotho-dependent manner. β-Klotho serves as a primary 'zip code'-like receptor that acts as a targeting signal for FGF21, and FGFR functions as a catalytic subunit that mediates intracellular signalling. Our structures also show how the sugar-cutting enzyme glycosidase has evolved to become a specific receptor for hormones that regulate metabolic processes, including the lowering of blood sugar levels. Finally, we describe an agonistic variant of FGF21 with enhanced biological activity and present structural insights into the potential development of therapeutic agents for diseases linked to endocrine FGFs.
Overview
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Integrity signals
Registry
Cites
Statistics
Verification
Claims the paper makes
The claims and statistics of this paper haven’t been checked yet.
Run the check — free, no account needed. It reads the open-access text and checks the sources it cites.
Claims other papers make about this one
Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?
In the citing paper
“FGF21 directly binds to KLB, which then facilitates binding to FGFR1c and then initiates downstream signaling events [[146], [147], [148], [149]].”
From Hepatokines and metabolism: Deciphering communication from the liver (2021) · cites this paper as [148]
In the citing paper
“Cellular FGF21 signaling is mediated by a receptor complex that includes a classic FGF receptor (FGFR1c) and a co-receptor known as beta-Klotho (Klb), with Klb functioning as the primary binding/targeting factor providing cellular specificity and FGFR functioning as the catalytic subunit that drives intracellular signaling”
From FGF21 and the physiological regulation of macronutrient preference (2020) · cites this paper as [112]
Self-check
Percentages, sums and reported differences re-computed from the paper’s own numbers.
The self-check needs the paper’s full text.
Citations
Cites
[20] Processing of X-ray diffraction data collected in oscillation mode
Otwinowski, Z., & Minor, W. (1997) · Methods in Enzymology · doi:10.1016/s0076-6879(97)76066-x · Cited by 33,475
Features and development of Coot
Emsley, P., Lohkamp, B., Scott, W. G., & Cowtan, K. (2010) · Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography · doi:10.1107/s0907444910007493 · Cited by 29,915
PHENIX : a comprehensive Python-based system for macromolecular structure solution
Adams, P. D., Afonine, P. V., Bunkóczi, G., Chen, V. B., Davis, I. W., Echols, N., Headd, J. J., Hung, L.-W., Kapral, G. J., Grosse-Kunstleve, R. W., et al. (2010) · Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography · doi:10.1107/s0907444909052925 · Cited by 23,716
Phaser crystallographic software
McCoy, A. J., Grosse-Kunstleve, R. W., Adams, P. D., Winn, M. D., Storoni, L. C., & Read, R. J. (2007) · Journal of Applied Crystallography · doi:10.1107/s0021889807021206 · Cited by 20,612
Kabsch, W. (2010) · Acta Crystallographica Section D Biological Crystallography · doi:10.1107/s0907444909047337 · Cited by 16,463
Inference of Macromolecular Assemblies from Crystalline State
Krissinel, E., & Henrick, K. (2007) · Journal of Molecular Biology · doi:10.1016/j.jmb.2007.05.022 · Cited by 10,007
PHENIX: a comprehensive Python-based system for macromolecular structure solution
Adams, P. D., Afonine, P. V., Bunkòczi, G., Chen, V. B., Davis, I., Echols, N., Headd, J. J., Hung, L., Kapral, G. J., Grosse‐Kunstleve, R. W., et al. (2012) · International Tables for Crystallography · doi:10.1107/97809553602060000865 · Cited by 7,334
LigPlot+: Multiple Ligand-Protein Interaction Diagrams for Drug Discovery
Laskowski, R., & Swindells, M. (2011) · Journal of Chemical Information and Modeling · doi:10.1021/ci200227u · Cited by 6,159
Dali server: conservation mapping in 3D
Holm, L., & Rosenstr�m, P. (2010) · Nucleic Acids Research · doi:10.1093/nar/gkq366 · Cited by 3,640
Cellular signaling by fibroblast growth factor receptors
Eswarakumar, V. P., Lax, I., & Schlessinger, J. (2005) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2005.01.001 · Cited by 1,923
Self-citation
Flagged first, then by citations
Cited by
Sorted by citations
Items 101–200 of 234
Identification of a second Klotho interaction site in the C terminus of FGF23
Agrawal, A., Ni, P., Agoro, R., White, K. E., & DiMarchi, R. D. (2021) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2020.108665 · Cited by 22
Role of GPRC6A in Regulating Hepatic Energy Metabolism
Pi, M., Xu, F., Ye, R.-S., Nishimoto, S. K., Williams, R. W., Williams, R. W., Lu, L., & Quarles, L. D. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-020-64384-8 · Cited by 22
Fibroblast growth factor 21: A “rheostat” for metabolic regulation?
She, Q.-Y., Bao, J., Wang, H.-Z., Liang, H., Huang, W., Wu, J., Zhong, Y.-W., Ling, H., Li, A., & Qin, S.-L. (2022) · Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.metabol.2022.155166 · Cited by 22
Chu, Y., Yang, S., & Chen, X. (2025) · Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1016/j.pharmthera.2025.108844 · Cited by 21
Glycosylation of FGF/FGFR: An underrated sweet code regulating cellular signaling programs
Gędaj, A., Gregorczyk, P., Żukowska, D., Chorążewska, A., Ciura, K., Kalka, M., Porębska, N., & Opaliński, Ł. (2024) · Cytokine & Growth Factor Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.cytogfr.2024.04.001 · Cited by 22
Nakano, T., Shiizaki, K., Miura, Y., Matsui, M., Kosaki, K., Mori, S., Yamagata, K., Maeda, S., Kishi, T., Usui, N., et al. (2019) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-019-55643-4 · Cited by 20
Ageing-related receptors resolved
Kuro‐o, M. (2018) · Nature · doi:10.1038/d41586-017-09032-4 · Cited by 18
Artificial Intelligence Approach To Investigate the Longevity Drug
Li, J., Chen, H., Dai, W.-J., Lv, Q., & Chen, C. Y. (2019) · The Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters · doi:10.1021/acs.jpclett.9b02220 · Cited by 18
The Body-wide Transcriptome Landscape of Disease Models
Kozawa, S., Ueda, R., Urayama, K., Sagawa, F., Endo, S., Shiizaki, K., Kurosu, H., de Almeida, G. M., Hasan, S., Nakazato, K., et al. (2018) · iScience · doi:10.1016/j.isci.2018.03.014 · Cited by 19
Raji, A., Gantz, I., Crutchlow, M. F., Flynn, H., Xu, L., Rodgers, A. J., Krishnan, R., Rizk, M. L., Hu, S., Kaufman, K. D., et al. (2025) · Alimentary Pharmacology & Therapeutics · doi:10.1111/apt.70038 · Cited by 17
Identification of a biologically active fragment of ALK and LTK-Ligand 2 (augmentor-α)
Reshetnyak, A. V., Mohanty, J., Tomé, F., Puleo, D. E., Plotnikov, A. N., Ahmed, M., Kaur, N., Poliakov, A., Chinnaiyan, A. M., Lax, I., et al. (2018) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.1807881115 · Cited by 17
Self-citationFarokhnia, M., Wang, T., Jourdan, T., Godlewski, G., Farinelli, L. A., Kunos, G., & Leggio, L. (2023) · Drug and Alcohol Dependence · doi:10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2023.109809 · Cited by 16
Tissue engineering in growth plate cartilage regeneration: Mechanisms to therapeutic strategies
Guo, R., Zhuang, H., Chen, X., Ben, Y., Fan, M., Wang, Y., & Zheng, P. (2023) · Journal of Tissue Engineering · doi:10.1177/20417314231187956 · Cited by 17
Structural basis of the inhibition of GH1 β-glucosidases by multivalent pyrrolidine iminosugars
Martínez‐Bailén, M., Jiménez‐Ortega, E., Carmona, A. T., Robina, I., Sanz‐Aparicio, J., Talens-Perales, D., Polaina, J., Matassini, C., Cardona, F., & Moreno‐Vargas, A. J. (2019) · Bioorganic Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103026 · Cited by 16
βKlotho is identified as a target for theranostics in non-small cell lung cancer
Fan, L., Li, X., Li, Z., Ji, W., Lü, S., & Xia, W. (2019) · Theranostics · doi:10.7150/thno.35582 · Cited by 16
Exploring endocrine FGFs - structures, functions and biomedical applications
Phan, P. (2024) · International Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology · doi:10.62347/palk2137 · Cited by 16
Hu, Z., Zhang, Q., Li, Z., Yang, H., Chen, X., Zhang, Q., Yang, T., He, X., Feng, Q., He, J., et al. (2024) · European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1016/j.ejmech.2024.116612 · Cited by 15
Trusz, G. J. (2024) · Differentiation · doi:10.1016/j.diff.2024.100793 · Cited by 15
Lee, J., Ju, K. D., Kim, H. J., Tsogbadrakh, B., Ryu, H., Kang, E., Kang, M., Yang, J., Kang, H. G., Ahn, C., et al. (2021) · American Journal of Physiology-Renal Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajprenal.00044.2021 · Cited by 15
Exerkines: Potential regulators of diabetic cardiomyopathy
Yu, F., Zong, B., Tian, Z., Jia, D., & Wang, R. (2025) · Ageing Research Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.arr.2025.102816 · Cited by 15
Isoform-specific inhibition of FGFR signaling achieved by a de-novo-designed mini-protein
Park, J. S., Choi, J., Cao, L., Mohanty, J., Suzuki, Y., Park, A., Baker, D. A., Schlessinger, J., & Lee, S. (2022) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2022.111545 · Cited by 14
Self-citationGao, R., Kanasaki, K., Li, J., Kitada, M., Okazaki, T., & Koya, D. (2019) · FEBS Open Bio · doi:10.1002/2211-5463.12638 · Cited by 14
Resources and Methods for Engineering “Designer” Glycan-Binding Proteins
Warkentin, R., & Kwan, D. H. (2021) · Molecules · doi:10.3390/molecules26020380 · Cited by 15
Hua, L., Li, J., Yang, Y., Jiang, D., Jiang, X., Han, X., Jin, C., Feng, B., Che, L., Xu, S., et al. (2023) · The FASEB Journal · doi:10.1096/fj.202202031r · Cited by 14
The fibroblast growth factor–Klotho axis at molecular level
Sun, F., Liang, P., Wang, B., & Liu, W. (2023) · Open Life Sciences · doi:10.1515/biol-2022-0655 · Cited by 13
Meroni, M., Dongiovanni, P., Tiano, F., Piciotti, R., Alisi, A., & Panera, N. (2024) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117608 · Cited by 13
Differential roles of individual bile acid in physiology and disease
Fan, M., Yang, Z., Jin, L., & Huang, W. (2025) · Pharmacological Research · doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2025.107845 · Cited by 14
Zhou, J., Ben, S., Tan, X., Xu, L., & Yao, X. (2021) · Journal of Thoracic Disease · doi:10.21037/jtd-21-798 · Cited by 13
Next-generation isoform-selective fibroblast growth factor receptor inhibitors
Chen, L. (2025) · Trends in Pharmacological Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tips.2025.09.004 · Cited by 13
Stone, S., Wegner, D., Wambach, J., Cole, F. S., Urano, F., & Ornitz, D. M. (2020) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/jendso/bvaa138 · Cited by 12
Liang, C., Li, J., Tian, B., Tian, L., Liu, Y., Li, J., Xin, L., Wang, J., Fu, C., Shi, Z., et al. (2021) · Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy · doi:10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112298 · Cited by 12
Vonderohe, C. E., Guthrie, G. J., Stoll, B., Chacko, S. K., Dawson, H. D., & Burrin, D. G. (2021) · American Journal of Physiology-Gastrointestinal and Liver Physiology · doi:10.1152/ajpgi.00274.2021 · Cited by 12
Saber-Ayad, M. M., Hammoudeh, S. M., Radwan, H. M., Manzoor, S., Jabbar, H. A., Wardeh, R., Ashraf, A., Habib, P. T., Alsamman, A. M., & Hamoudi, R. (2020) · Journal of Advanced Research · doi:10.1016/j.jare.2020.05.020 · Cited by 11
Enhanced expression of FGF19 predicts poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer
Chen, J., Shao, J., Shen, A., Zhu, X., Zhang, X., Sun, H., Wei, S., & Ling, Y. (2021) · Journal of Thoracic Disease · doi:10.21037/jtd-21-126 · Cited by 11
Characterization of FGF21 Sites of Production and Signaling in Mice
Sullivan, A. I., Jensen-Cody, S. O., Claflin, K. E., Vorhies, K., Flippo, K. H., & Potthoff, M. J. (2024) · Endocrinology · doi:10.1210/endocr/bqae120 · Cited by 11
Jung, Y., Lee, K. W., Cho, J. H., Bae, D., Jeong, B.-G., Jung, Y.-J., Park, S., An, Y. J., Kim, K., Lee, G. S., et al. (2023) · Scientific Reports · doi:10.1038/s41598-023-27717-x · Cited by 11
Klotho-beta attenuates Rab8a-mediated exosome regulation and promotes prostate cancer progression
Wu, T., Zhang, Y., Han, Q., Lü, X., Cheng, Y., Chen, J., Sha, J., & Xia, W. (2023) · Oncogene · doi:10.1038/s41388-023-02807-2 · Cited by 10
FGF21 Analogues and MASLD: A Summary of Preclinical and Clinical Data
Boutari, C., Triantafyllou, A., Papalavrentios, L., Goulis, I., & Sinakos, E. (2025) · Current Pharmaceutical Design · doi:10.2174/0113816128374854250709050425 · Cited by 11
Research progress on the role of FGF21 in insulin resistance
Zhang, H., Zhu, R., Sun, Q., & Du, L. (2025) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2025.1619462 · Cited by 10
Association Between the Anti-Aging Protein Klotho and Sleep Duration in General Population
Huang, D., & Wang, S. (2021) · International Journal of General Medicine · doi:10.2147/ijgm.s345927 · Cited by 10
Development of Zalfermin, a Long-Acting Proteolytically Stabilized FGF21 Analog
Sass‐Ørum, K., Tagmose, T. M., Olsen, J., Sjölander, A., Wahlund, P., Han, D., Vegge, A., Reedtz‐Runge, S., Wang, Z., Gao, X., et al. (2024) · Journal of Medicinal Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00391 · Cited by 11
The Pituitary Is a Candidate Organ That Modulates Circulating Klotho Levels
Sato, T., Komaba, H., Nagatani, T., Watanabe, T., Kishida, Y., & Fukagawa, M. (2018) · Journal of the Endocrine Society · doi:10.1210/js.2018-00223 · Cited by 10
Structure of beta-glucosidase A from Paenibacillus polymyxa complexed with a monovalent inhibitor
Jimenez-Ortega, E., & Sanz-Aparicio, J. (2019) · Worldwide Protein Data Bank · doi:10.2210/pdb6r4k/pdb · Cited by 10
Fibroblast Growth Factors: Roles and Emerging Therapeutic Applications
Ternier, G., Shahzad, K., Edirisinghe, O., Okoto, P. S., Alraawi, Z., Sonnaila, S., Phan, P., Adams, P. D., & Thallapuranam, S. (2025) · Current Drug Targets · doi:10.2174/0113894501351461250301072444 · Cited by 9
Optimization of Peptide Inhibitors of β-Klotho as Antagonists of Fibroblast Growth Factors 19 and 21
Pan, J. B., Parlee, S. D., Brunel, F. M., Li, P., Lu, W., Pérez–Tilve, D., Liu, F., Finan, B., Kharitonenkov, A., & DiMarchi, R. D. (2020) · ACS Pharmacology & Translational Science · doi:10.1021/acsptsci.0c00100 · Cited by 9
An, S. J., Mohanty, J., Tomé, F., Suzuki, Y., Lax, I., & Schlessinger, J. (2023) · Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences · doi:10.1073/pnas.2219128120 · Cited by 9
Self-citationLiu, H., Zheng, S., Hou, X., Liu, X., Du, K., Lv, X., Li, Y., Yang, F., Li, W., & Sui, J. (2020) · Cancer Science · doi:10.1111/cas.14353 · Cited by 9
Kim, D., Lee, J., Bae, I., Kim, M., Huh, Y., Choi, J., Bae, S., Choi, I. Y., Kim, H. H., & Kim, D. K. (2020) · Biologicals · doi:10.1016/j.biologicals.2020.11.005 · Cited by 9
Self-citationUsmanov, E. S., Chubarova, M. A., & Saidov, S. K. (2020) · Современные технологии в медицине · doi:10.17691/stm2020.12.5.11 · Cited by 8
Yu, X., Xia, Y., Jia, J., & Yuan, G. (2022) · Frontiers in Endocrinology · doi:10.3389/fendo.2022.830022 · Cited by 8
Luo, L., Guo, J., Li, Y., Liu, T., & Lai, L. (2023) · International Journal of Medical Sciences · doi:10.7150/ijms.80220 · Cited by 8
Unraveling Endocrine FGF Signaling Complex to Combat Metabolic Diseases
Luo, Y., Lu, W., & Li, X. (2018) · Trends in Biochemical Sciences · doi:10.1016/j.tibs.2018.05.001 · Cited by 8
Xia, J., Zhu, Z., Wen, G., Chen, Y., An, R., Xia, S., Guan, W., & Ren, H. (2023) · International Journal of Oncology · doi:10.3892/ijo.2023.5539 · Cited by 7
Segireddy, R. R., Belda, H., Yang, A., Dundas, K., Knöckel, J., Galaway, F., Wood, L., Quinkert, D., Knuepfer, E., Treeck, M., et al. (2024) · Malaria Journal · doi:10.1186/s12936-024-04913-2 · Cited by 7
A primer on the pleiotropic endocrine fibroblast growth factor FGF19/FGF15
Bouju, A., Nusse, R., & Wu, P. V. (2024) · Differentiation · doi:10.1016/j.diff.2024.100816 · Cited by 7
In search of alternatively spliced alpha‐Klotho Kl1 protein in mouse brain
Li, L., Pastor, J. V., Zhang, J., Davidson, T. L., Hu, M. C., & Moe, O. W. (2021) · FASEB BioAdvances · doi:10.1096/fba.2020-00066 · Cited by 7
Maternal obesity impairs fetal brown adipogenesis by attenuating fetal FGF21 signaling
Hua, L., Shen, W., Gao, D., Yang, Y., Yang, X., Zhang, H., Liu, S., Liu, L., Cao, Y., Jiang, X., et al. (2025) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2025.115935 · Cited by 8
Treating metabolic dysfunction‐associated steatohepatitis: The fat‐trimming FGF21 approach
Li, X., Rao, Z., Hu, W., Lu, W., & Luo, Y. (2024) · Obesity Reviews · doi:10.1111/obr.13861 · Cited by 6
Chen, T., Chen, J., Zhao, X., Zhou, J., Sheng, Q., Zhu, L., & Lv, Z. (2021) · PubMed · Cited by 6
Early Investigational and Experimental Therapeutics for the Treatment of Hypertriglyceridemia
Parthymos, I., Kostapanos, M. S., Liamis, G. L., & Florentin, M. (2022) · Journal of Cardiovascular Development and Disease · doi:10.3390/jcdd9020042 · Cited by 6
Zhang, Y., Luo, J.-X., Li, Y.-G., Fu, H., Yang, F., & Hu, X.-Y. (2022) · Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine · doi:10.1155/2022/4583645 · Cited by 6
Alamgir, M., Sohal, A., & Kowdley, K. V. (2026) · Drug Design Development and Therapy · doi:10.2147/dddt.s560039 · Cited by 5
Hua, L., Yang, Y., Zhang, H., Jiang, X., Jin, C., Feng, B., Che, L., Xu, S., Lin, Y., Wu, D., et al. (2024) · Nutrients · doi:10.3390/nu16223826 · Cited by 5
Yao, G., Huang, C., Ji, F., Ren, J., Luo, X., Zang, B., & Jia, L. (2022) · Chemical Communications · doi:10.1039/d1cc07105j · Cited by 5
The role of alpha-Klotho protein in male and female reproduction. A systematic review
Guedj, N. S., Sokol, P., Quesada‐López, T., Fréour, T., Polyzos, N. P., & Martínez, F. (2024) · F&S Reviews · doi:10.1016/j.xfnr.2024.100084 · Cited by 5
Dinerman, S., & Shu, Y. (2025) · International Journal of Translational Medicine · doi:10.3390/ijtm5010007 · Cited by 4
Spann, R. A., Kim, S. Q., Khan, M. S. H., Albarado, D. A., Fernandez‐Kim, S. O., Berthoud, H., McDougal, D. H., Münzberg, H., He, Y., Yu, S., et al. (2026) · Cell Reports · doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2026.117218 · Cited by 4
BRAIDing receptors for cell-specific targeting
Chen, H., Lee, S., Li, R., Sura, A., Suen, N., Dilip, A., Pomogov, Y., Vuppalapaty, M., Suen, T. T., Lu, C., et al. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.90221 · Cited by 4
Self-citationComputer-aided engineering of stabilized fibroblast growth factor 21
Bourdonnaye, G. D. L., Ghazalova, T., Fojtík, P., Kutálková, K., Bednář, D., Damborský, J., Rotrekl, V., Štěpánková, V., & Chaloupková, R. (2024) · Computational and Structural Biotechnology Journal · doi:10.1016/j.csbj.2024.02.001 · Cited by 4
FGF-21 Conducts a Liver-Brain-Kidney Axis to Promote Renal Cell CarcinomaPreprint
Li, Z., Zhang, X., Zhu, W., Zhang, C., Sadak, K., Halberstam, A. A., Brown, J. R., Perry, C. J., Bunn, A., Braun, D. A., et al. (2023) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2023.04.12.536558 · Cited by 5
Self-citationEnhanced bioactivity and stability of a long-acting FGF21: A novel variant for the treatment of NASH
Ji, Y. R., Lu, Q., Duan, Y., Xuan, C., Zhang, Y., Yao, W., Yin, J., & Gao, X. (2024) · Biochimie · doi:10.1016/j.biochi.2024.05.013 · Cited by 3
Qiu, S., Ding, X., Ma, X., Zhang, L., Chen, J., & Wei, W. (2025) · Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications · doi:10.1016/j.bbrc.2025.151520 · Cited by 3
Белок клото и сердечно-сосудистая система
Тюренков, И. Н., Perfilova, V. N., Нестерова, А. А., & Глинка, Е. Ю. (2021) · Biochemistry (Moscow) · doi:10.31857/s0320972521020020 · Cited by 3
Merino, J., Dashti, H. S., Sarnowski, C., Lane, J. M., Udler, M. S., Todorov, P. V., Song, Y., Wang, H., Kim, J., Tucker, C., et al. (2019) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/623728 · Cited by 3
Geng, L., Yi, X., Lin, Y., Abulimiti, X., Jin, L., Yu, J., & Xu, A. (2024) · International Journal of Biological Macromolecules · doi:10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.138846 · Cited by 2
Fang, C., Miao, X., Peng, C., Xie, Z., Zhao, F., Chen, T., Zhang, W., Bi, X., An, X., & Wu, G. (2025) · PeerJ · doi:10.7717/peerj.19779 · Cited by 2
Klotho protein and insulin resistance
Cai, Y., Liu, B., Song, D., Zhao, Y., Xie, B., Zhang, Y., & Zhou, Y. (2026) · Clinica Chimica Acta · doi:10.1016/j.cca.2026.120840 · Cited by 2
Grandl, G., König, A., Metzger, F., Liśkiewicz, A., Hefele, T., Nason, S., Novikoff, A., Al-Refaie, N., Rahman, M. A., Khalil, A., et al. (2026) · Cell Metabolism · doi:10.1016/j.cmet.2026.05.011 · Cited by 2
Overexpression and Purification of Mitogenic and Metabolic Fibroblast Growth Factors
Phan, P., Sonnaila, S., Ternier, G., Edirisinghe, O., Okoto, P. S., & Kumar, T. K. S. (2024) · Methods in molecular biology · doi:10.1007/978-1-0716-3666-4_10 · Cited by 2
Methods to predict heart failure in diabetes patients
Berezin, A. Е., Berezina, T. A., Hoppe, U. C., Lichtenauer, M., & Berezin, A. A. (2024) · Expert Review of Endocrinology & Metabolism · doi:10.1080/17446651.2024.2342812 · Cited by 2
Novel FGF21 analogues through structure-based optimization for therapeutic development
Guo, Y., Bao, Y., Chen, Z., Rao, Z., Luo, Y., Ye, S., & Liu, S. (2024) · Acta Biochimica et Biophysica Sinica · doi:10.3724/abbs.2024227 · Cited by 2
Sun, X., Ye, Y., Sakurai, N., Wang, H., Kato, K., Yu, J., Yuasa, K., Tsuji, A., & Yao, M. (2023) · eLife · doi:10.7554/elife.88939 · Cited by 2
Wang, C., Wang, Y., Dong, Y., Duan, Y., Zhang, Y., Huang, H., Xu, Z., Lu, J., Ding, C., Cai, Z., et al. (2025) · Bioconjugate Chemistry · doi:10.1021/acs.bioconjchem.4c00549 · Cited by 2
Endocrine fibroblast growth factors and Klotho
Kuro‐o, M. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818036-5.00007-0 · Cited by 2
Ma, Z., Qu, B., Zhong, S., Yao, L., Gao, Z., & Zhang, S. (2019) · Marine Biotechnology · doi:10.1007/s10126-019-09891-0 · Cited by 2
Facile-prepared FGF21/zinc nanocomplex for efficient brain delivery in ischemic stroke treatment
Shentu, Y., Xu, M., Yin, M., Zhang, Z., Dong, Z., Lin, A., You, Z., Pan, T. S., Chen, J., Lu, Y., et al. (2025) · Nano Research · doi:10.26599/nr.2025.94907871 · Cited by 1
The evolution of family 1 glycoside hydrolases: How humble prokaryotic enzymes became goddesses
Polaina, J., & Talens-Perales, D. (2026) · Biocatalysis and Biotransformation · doi:10.1080/10242422.2026.2681037 · Cited by 1
Yang, C., Chen, L., Xiao, H., Wei, W., Liang, J., Chen, T., Yang, T., & Ma, Y. (2026) · Journal of Cellular Biochemistry · doi:10.1002/jcb.70113 · Cited by 1
Zeng, L., Chen, X., Li, Y., & Xiong, W. (2026) · Pharmaceutics · doi:10.3390/pharmaceutics18091124 · Cited by 1
Capito, F., Wong, T. H., Faust, C., Brand, K., Dittrich, W., Sommerfeld, M. R., Tiwari, G., & Langer, T. (2024) · Engineering in Life Sciences · doi:10.1002/elsc.202400019 · Cited by 1
Analysis of Amyloid Fibrillation of Two Family 1 Glycoside Hydrolases
López, M. A. R., Coll-Marqués, J. M., Talens-Perales, D., Marín‐Navarro, J., Polaina, J., & Vázquez‐Contreras, E. (2024) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms25158536 · Cited by 1
Wu, X., Zhou, S., & Li, Y. (2026) · Nano Biomedicine and Engineering · doi:10.1016/j.nbe.2025.100035 · Cited by 1
Lyster, A. E., Frederiksen, A. S., Jensen, J. K., Lundsgaard, A., Andersen, N. M., Jørgensen, K. S., Weber, D., Nachtigall, L., Richter, E. A., Fritzen, A. M., et al. (2026) · Obesity · doi:10.1002/oby.70248 · Cited by 1
Yang, X., Cheng, K., Chen, C., Zhang, Y., & Wang, D. W. (2026) · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · doi:10.3390/ijms27177734 · Cited by 1
Fukumoto, S. (2023) · Panminerva Medica · doi:10.23736/s0031-0808.23.05047-4 · Cited by 1
Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning in Healthcare
Mir, F. F., Nisa, K. U., Mushtaq, Z., & Ansarullah, S. I. (2024) · Advances in healthcare information systems and administration book series · doi:10.4018/979-8-3693-6294-5.ch015 · Cited by 1
Segireddy, R. R., Dundas, K., Knöckel, J., Galaway, F., Wood, L., Wright, G. J., & Douglas, A. D. (2020) · bioRxiv (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) · doi:10.1101/2020.02.02.929190 · Cited by 1
Expression of the hormonal FGF co‐receptor Klotho beta in the Xenopus laevis model
Chen, G., & Tao, Q. (2018) · Cell Biology International · doi:10.1002/cbin.11059
The Bone–FGF23–Klotho Axis and Associated Diseases
Fukumoto, S. (2019) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-801238-3.62240-7
α-Klotho gene and protein measurements in humans and their role as a clinical biomarker of disease
Hu, M. C., Neyra, J. A., & Moe, O. W. (2021) · Elsevier eBooks · doi:10.1016/b978-0-12-818036-5.00011-2
Metadata
- Authors
- Lee, S., Choi, J., Mohanty, J., Sousa, L. P., Tome, F., Pardon, E., Steyaert, J., Lemmon, M. A., Lax, I., & Schlessinger, J.
- Affiliations
- Yale University (US)
- Vrije Universiteit Brussel (BE)
- Corresponding author
- Schlessinger, Joseph
- Venue
- Nature
- Published
- 2018-01
- Volume
- 553
- Issue
- 7689
- Pages
- 501-505
- ISSN
- 0028-0836 (ISSN-L)
- 1476-4687
- PMC
- PMC6594174
- OpenAlex
- W2784316575
- Cited by
- 236
- References
- 33
- Citations by year
- 2026: 19 · 2025: 21 · 2024: 31 · 2023: 34 · 2022: 23 · 2021: 33 · 2020: 24 · 2019: 29 · 2018: 22
- FWCI
- 9.69
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- OSTI OAI (U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information) (submittedVersion)
- RePEc: Research Papers in Economics (submittedVersion)
- VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel) (submittedVersion)
- Nature
- Funders
- Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek
- National Institutes of Health (DE-AC02–06CH11357, 1s10od018007-01, DE-AC02-76SF00515, GM103403)
- National Cancer Institute (U54CA193417)
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (P41GM111244, P41GM103393, P41GM103403)
- Topics
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Fibroblast Growth Factor Research
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Nephrology › Parathyroid Disorders and Treatments
- Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Molecular Biology › Receptor Mechanisms and Signaling
- Keywords
- β-Klotho, FGF21, fibroblast growth factor receptor, FGF19, fibroblast growth factor 23, heparan sulfate proteoglycans, ligand specificity, extracellular domain crystal structure, metabolic hormones, bile acid synthesis, insulin sensitivity
- MeSH terms
- Protein Domains, Fibroblast Growth Factor-23, Klotho Proteins, Binding Sites, Extracellular Space, Fibroblast Growth Factors, Glycoside Hydrolases, Humans, Ligands, Membrane Proteins, Models, Molecular, Protein Binding, Substrate Specificity, Signal Transduction, Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Crystallography, X-Ray, HEK293 Cells
About these checks
Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.
Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.
Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.
What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›
Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review