Cited by 372Quantum Dots Synthesis And PropertiesT-cell and B-cell ImmunologyAdvanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques

Quantum dot semiconductor nanocrystals for immunophenotyping by polychromatic flow cytometry

Chattopadhyay, Pratip K, Price, David A, Harper, Theresa F, Betts, Michael R, Yu, Joanne, Gostick, Emma, Perfetto, Stephen P, Goepfert, Paul +4 more·2006·Nature Medicine

Abstract

Immune responses arise from a wide variety of cells expressing unique combinations of multiple cell-surface proteins. Detailed characterization is hampered, however, by limitations in available probes and instrumentation. Here, we use the unique spectral properties of semiconductor nanocrystals (quantum dots) to extend the capabilities of polychromatic flow cytometry to resolve 17 fluorescence emissions. We show the need for this power by analyzing, in detail, the phenotype of multiple antigen-specific T-cell populations, revealing variations within complex phenotypic patterns that would otherwise remain obscure. For example, T cells specific for distinct epitopes from one pathogen, and even those specific for the same epitope, can have markedly different phenotypes. The technology we describe, encompassing the detection of eight quantum dots in conjunction with conventional fluorophores, should expand the horizons of flow cytometry, as well as our ability to characterize the intricacies of both adaptive and innate cellular immune responses.

Integrity signals

Registry

Crossref · 10.1038/nm1371

Cites

30 of 30 references verified0 citation errors · 0 not checkable

Statistics

Recomputing p-values needs the paper’s full text.

Claims the paper makes

This paper’s full text isn’t openly available, so its claims and self-check weren’t run. The registry and citation checks still apply.

Claims other papers make about this one

Each is checked against this paper’s own text: does it say what the citing paper says it does?

  • Gating of N barcodes simultaneously in parallel optical channels offers file selection sensitivity of 1 in 10^6N total files, where common commercial FAS systems offer up to N = 17 channels.

    “This strategy also applies to gating of N barcodes simultaneously in parallel optical channels, which offers file selection sensitivity of 1 in 106N total files, where common commercial FAS systems offer up to N = 17 channels38,39.”

Cites

Flagged first, then by citations

Cited by

Sorted by citations

Authors
Chattopadhyay, P. K., Price, D. A., Harper, T. F., Betts, M. R., Yu, J., Gostick, E., Perfetto, S. P., Goepfert, P., Koup, R. A., De Rosa, S. C., Bruchez, M. P., & Roederer, M.
Affiliations
  • National Institutes of Health (US)
  • University of Alabama at Birmingham (US)
  • Carnegie Mellon University (US)
Corresponding author
Roederer, Mario
Venue
Nature Medicine
Published
2006-07-23
Volume
12
Issue
8
Pages
972-977
ISSN
  • 1078-8956 (ISSN-L)
  • 1546-170X
OpenAlex
W2072723772
Cited by
372
References
30
Citations by year
2026: 1 · 2025: 7 · 2024: 11 · 2023: 3 · 2022: 7 · 2021: 7 · 2020: 10 · 2019: 12 · 2018: 14 · 2017: 17 · 2016: 19 · 2015: 23 · 2014: 23 · 2013: 26 · 2012: 27
FWCI
21.96
Type
journal article
Language
en
Open access
closed
Locations
  • Nature Medicine (publishedVersion)
  • PubMed (publishedVersion)
Funders
  • National Institutes of Health (Z99 AI999999)
  • National Institute of Biomedical Imaging and Bioengineering (R01EB000364)
Topics
  • Physical Sciences › Materials Science › Materials Chemistry › Quantum Dots Synthesis And Properties
  • Life Sciences › Immunology and Microbiology › Immunology › T-cell and B-cell Immunology
  • Life Sciences › Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology › Biophysics › Advanced Fluorescence Microscopy Techniques
Keywords
quantum dots, polychromatic flow cytometry, immunophenotyping, T cell phenotype, antigen-specific T cells, epitope-specific T cells, cell-mediated immunity, innate immune response
MeSH terms
Epitopes, Flow Cytometry, Fluorescent Dyes, HLA-DR Antigens, Humans, Major Histocompatibility Complex, Semiconductors, T-Lymphocytes, Immunophenotyping, Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate, CD8 Antigens, CD3 Complex, Nanotechnology, Quantum Dots

About these checks

Registry, retraction, Cites and statistics results are computed, not judged, with one exception: a printed reference that no index lists is read once by a model before it counts as a citation error. Claims are extracted by a model and kept only when their quote appears verbatim in the text; each cited source is then checked, with a model’s help, for whether it says what the claim relies on. Those verdicts can be wrong — read the claim’s quote and the cited source before relying on one.

Statistics and arithmetic are recomputed, not judged.

Confidence bands are shown only for fields calibrated on our annotated test set. None is calibrated yet, so no band is shown.

What counts as a claim ›How we measure confidence ›How we check this ›

Are you an author, or do you see a problem with this page? Request a review