Short latency cerebellar modulation of the basal ganglia
Open accessAbstract
The graceful, purposeful motion of our body is an engineering feat that remains unparalleled in robotic devices using advanced artificial intelligence. Much of the information required for complex movements is generated by the cerebellum and the basal ganglia in conjunction with the cortex. Cerebellum and basal ganglia have been thought to communicate with each other only through slow, multi-synaptic cortical loops, begging the question as to how they coordinate their outputs in real time. We found that the cerebellum rapidly modulates the activity of the striatum via a disynaptic pathway in mice. Under physiological conditions, this short latency pathway was capable of facilitating optimal motor control by allowing the basal ganglia to incorporate time-sensitive cerebellar information and by guiding the sign of cortico-striatal plasticity. Conversely, under pathological condition, this pathway relayed aberrant cerebellar activity to the basal ganglia to cause dystonia.
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Communication between the cerebellum and CSTC regions is associated with nonmotor function.
“the communication was associated with nonmotor function (50–52)”
From Altered functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit in obsessive-compulsive disorder (2019) · cites this paper as [51]
The cerebellum has extensive communication with regions in the CSTC circuit, such as the striatum and thalamus.
“the cerebellum has extensive communication with regions in the CSTC circuit, such as the striatum and thalamus”
From Altered functional connectivity between the cerebellum and the cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical circuit in obsessive-compulsive disorder (2019) · cites this paper as [51]
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- Authors
- Chen, C. H., Fremont, R., Arteaga-Bracho, E. E., & Khodakhah, K.
- Affiliations
- Albert Einstein College of Medicine (US)
- Corresponding author
- Khodakhah, Kamran
- Venue
- Nature Neuroscience
- Published
- 2014-11-17
- Volume
- 17
- Issue
- 12
- Pages
- 1767-1775
- ISSN
- 1097-6256 (ISSN-L)
- 1546-1726
- PMC
- PMC4241171
- OpenAlex
- W2049952807
- Cited by
- 286
- References
- 46
- Citations by year
- 2026: 12 · 2025: 20 · 2024: 18 · 2023: 23 · 2022: 25 · 2021: 31 · 2020: 29 · 2019: 38 · 2018: 30 · 2017: 20 · 2016: 26 · 2015: 13 · 2014: 1
- FWCI
- 12.97
- Type
- journal article
- Language
- en
- Open access
- green
- www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov
- Licence
- www.springer.com/tdm (tdm)
- Locations
- Nature Neuroscience (publishedVersion)
- PubMed (publishedVersion)
- PubMed Central (acceptedVersion)
- Funders
- National Institute of General Medical Sciences (T32GM007288)
- National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (R01NS079750, NS079750, F30NS071665, NS071665, R01NS050808, NS050808)
- National Center for Research Resources (S10RR027888)
- Topics
- Health Sciences › Medicine › Neurology › Neurological disorders and treatments
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cognitive Neuroscience › Motor Control and Adaptation
- Life Sciences › Neuroscience › Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience › Neuroscience and Neuropharmacology Research
- Keywords
- cerebellum, basal ganglia, striatum, disynaptic pathway, motor control, dystonia, mice
- MeSH terms
- Animals, Basal Ganglia, Cerebellum, Electric Stimulation, Electrodes, Implanted, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Neural Pathways, Reaction Time, Mice, Optogenetics
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